1、Unit 4 What would you do? 重难点解析单词讲解：1.million n.c 百万one chance in a million: very little chance. 机会很小的2.medical adj. 医学的，医疗的a medical student 医科学生；a medical examination 健康检查3.research n. 研究，调查名词 n. (学术) 研究;调查, 探究SP1(+in/into/on)Shes doing cancer research. 她在从事癌症研究。 作学术研究;调查,探究(+in/into/on)He is rese
2、arching into the causes of cancer. 他正在研究癌症的起因。 medical research 医学研究4. tie=necktie n. 领带5. worry Worry 及物动词，使担心, 发愁Worry sb; Nothing worries me. 我没有什么可担心的。担心,发愁 worry +wh-/thatThe teacher worried that these problems might be too hard for her students. 老师担心这些题目会对学生太难。 Dont worry how much you spend on
3、 the trip. 别担心花多少钱用于旅行。worry about ; be worried about Dont worry about the matter, take it easy. 别担心那件事,轻松一点。 3)n.担心发愁，令人发愁的事情6.What if 固定词组 ph. 假使.呢?;若是.又怎么样? 提出建议What if you should fail? 假如你失败了, 该怎么办呢?What if we go and see a film tomorrow night? 我们明天晚上去看电影，你觉得怎么样？7. pimple n. 小脓疱8.examFail/ pass/t
4、ake an exam chemistry exam 9.energetic adj. full of energy 精力充沛的an energetic tennis player 一个精力充沛的网球运动员10.confident adj. feeling or showing confidence 自信的；a confident smile 自信的微笑11.permission n. an act of permitting, agreement 允许With your permission I will go now.ask for ones permission: 征求某人的同意12.b
5、other v. to cause to be nervous; annoy or trouble, esp. in little ways 打扰，烦扰 I am busy, dont bother me.bothersome adj. troublesome13.slight adj. not great, not considerable, small or weakin the slightest: at all 丝毫，一点也 Do you mind my opening the window?”“Not in the slightest . Please do it.14. annoy
6、 V.惹恼,使生气;使烦恼(+by/at/with)His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbors. 他母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。 15. fairly adv. For the most part; rather; quite 相当，完全He paints fairly well.16.plenty n. the state of having a large supply of, esp. of the needs of life 富庶plenty adj. 很多的，足够的plenty
7、of 很多的，足够的 We have plenty of food here.17.get along with 与 相处get along with someone very well 与某人友好相处 18. circle名词 n. C1. 圆;圆圈The students sit in a circle on the floor. 学生们在地板上坐成一圈。 2. 圆形的东西,环状物There is a circle of flowers around the statue. 塑像周围鲜花环绕。 3. 具有共同兴趣、利益的人们所形成的)圈子;(活动等的)范围;.界GI have a circ
8、le of friends V.画圆圈;圈出;围着Circle the correct answers. 圈出正确的答案。 19. listener n. 听众20. knowledgeable形容词 a. . 有知识的 ,博学的 ;有见识的(+on/about)John is very knowledgeable about classical music. 约翰对古典音乐有丰富的知识。 21. represent代表, 象征, 表示 The pilots respectfully represented that they were not at all tired.飞行员郑重表示他们一点
9、也不累。He represented himself to be the Son of God.他自称是救世主。.作为的代表 The Foreign Minister represented the country at the conference.外交部长代表该国出席大会22. letdown make somebody depressed or frustrated 使沮丧，失望1. 使失望Dont worry. Ill never let you down. 别担心。我决不会让你失望的。 He is a bit let down by the low grade he got.这次成绩
10、不好 , 他有点气馁。e up with: to think of ( a plan, answer, reply,etc.) to produce 针对问题提出，想出（解决方法）(针对问题等)想出;提供He came up with good ideas for the product promotion. 他想出一个推广产品的好方法。 He could not come up with a proper answer. 他想不出一个合适的回答。 come up with 在本句中是“ 提出，想出”的意思，相当于 find or produce (an answer)。The teacher
11、 asked a difficult question, but finally Jim came up with a good answer.老师提问了一个难题，但是最后吉姆想出了一个好方法。He couldnt come up with an answer when I asked him why he was late.当我问他为什么迟到的时候，他想不出一个理由来。特别提示come up with 也可意为“ 赶上，追上”，与 catch up with 同义。We shall have to work hard to come up with them.我们要努力工作，赶上他们。24.
12、 rest名词 n. 1）休息;休养;休息时间Lets take a rest. 我们休息一下吧。 2）剩余部分;其余的人;其余the SGThe rest of the eggs have gone bad. 其余的鸡蛋都变质了。 25. aid 1)In aid of =in order to help 用来帮助Were collecting money in aid of cancer research./我们正筹集资金以资助癌症研究。2)Come /go to sbs aid =help someone 帮助某人I didnt speak any French , but a nice
13、 man came to my aid and told me where to go. 我不会说法语， 不过一个好心人帮了我的忙，告诉我怎么走。3)With the aid of v. aid sb in/with sth the local community aided us in our investigation. 当地社区协助我们调查。First aid 急救26.nearby形容词 a. 附近的The cinema nearby can seat 1,000 people. 附近那家电影院可容纳一千名观众。 She is staying at a nearby hotel. 她住
14、在附近一家旅馆里。 副词 ad. 在附近She lives nearby. 她住在附近。 He gave up his seat on the bus to an old woman standing nearby. 他乘公共汽车时把座位让给了站在他身边的老太太。 e out 1）出现The moon came out from behind the clouds. 月亮从云后露出脸来。 2） 出版When will his new novel come out? 他新创作的小说什么时候出版? 29.coverCover sth with sth 用盖They covered the tabl
15、es with clean white clothes. 他们把桌子都铺上了干净的白桌布。n. 盖子30.press 按,压,挤Press this button to start the engine. 按此钮发动引擎。 31. deep depth 深的 the depth of 的深度32. downstairs副词 ad. 在楼下;往楼下He fell downstairs and broke his leg. 他摔下楼折断了腿。 Upstairs33.correct 形容词 a. 正确的 ,对的(+in)Your answer is not correct. 你的答案不对。 及物动词
16、 vt. 1. 改正;纠正;矫正;校准Would you help me correct my pronunciation? 你能帮我矫正发音吗? 34.burn burnt burn 或 burned burned35.knee.膝盖36.pain 名词 n. 1. 痛,疼痛;痛苦UThe death of her son gave her infinite pain. 她儿子的去世使她悲痛欲绝。 2. (身体特定部位的) 疼痛CShe has a pain in her stomach. 她胃痛。 3. 辛苦,努力PNo pains, no gains37.hurt Hurt hurt h
17、urt 哪儿疼? Where does it hurt?38.safetyN.安全交交通安全；行车安全traffic safety 39.offer1)Offer sb sth They offered him a very good job but he turned it down. 2)Offer sth to sboffer some coffee to the guests. 3）Offer to do sth 愿意做某事Shelly didint even offer to help 谢利甚至都不愿意帮忙My dad has offered to pick us up 我爸爸表示愿
18、意开车来接我们40.refuseRefuse to do sth I refuse to take part in anything thats illegal. 我拒绝参与任何违法的事情。refuse sb sthThe us authorities refused him a visa.美国当局拒绝给他签证。Refuse sth Mrs Sutton refused a second piece of cake. 萨顿太太谢绝再吃一块蛋糕41.helpful 有帮助的，有用的42.treatTreat sth /sb as/like 把当作They treated me as their
19、own child.他们把我当亲生孩子看待。He treated money as having little value.他认为钱没有多大的价值。43.burn(使)燃烧 The stove is burning brightly.炉火正旺。The fire burned red.火烧得通红。n.火、热或酸所造成的伤害或伤痕Unit 4一、知识点 1. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句，即虚拟语气。通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态，所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。If 引导的条件状语从句分
20、为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：句 型 条件从句 主 句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be 动词一律用 were)would+动词原形即：(从句 )if +主语+ 动词过去式(be 动词用 were), 一般过去时(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)I would
21、 say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在干某事The students pretended to be writing when the teacher came in.pretend +从句 假装 I pretended that I fell asleep. 3. be late for 迟到 如
22、：I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.4. a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些，修饰可数名词； a little 一些，修饰不可数名词；两者表肯定意义。如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少数的，修饰可数名词；little 少数的，修饰不可数名词，但两者表否定意义。如：He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little s
23、ugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。5. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿) 词前面有数词或 several 一词时要不能加 s，反之，则要加 s 并与 of 连用，表示数量很多。如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 几百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树8. what if + 从句 如果怎么办，要是又怎么样 如：What if she doesnt come? 要是她不来怎么办？ What if LiLei knows? 如
24、果李雷知道了怎么办？9. add sth. to sth. 添加到如：I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。10. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous 变得紧张feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好11. too +形/副 +to do sth.太而不能，如：Im too tired to stand.我太累了而不能站。12. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem.help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松13. in pub
25、lic 在公共场所 如：Dont smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。14. energetic adj. 活力的 如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。15. ask sb. to do 叫做某事； ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事tell sb. to do 告诉做某事；tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉不要做某事如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.Tea
26、cher asked me not to clean the classroom.16. start doing =start to do.开始做某事，如 He started speaking/to speak.他开始说话。17. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如：I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。18.wait for sb.等某人 如： I am wait for him. 我正在等他。19. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如：I introduced Lily to Anna.
27、 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。20. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 如：Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。21. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭；have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐22. plenty of 修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词 许多 如：They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有许多的食物/苹果。23. 给某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如： give an apple to me give sb. s
28、th. give me an apple 给我一个苹果24. get along (with)=get on (with)进行，进展 The business is getting along very well. 生意进展的很顺利。How are you getting along with your English study? 你英语学习进展的怎样了？相处 Do you get along with your boss?= Do you and your boss get along? 你跟老板合得来吗？Im getting along very well with my classma
29、tes. 我和同学们相处得很好。25. would rather than （= would rather than）宁愿，而不愿。前后连接两个动词原形，否定形式为：would rather not do sthwould rather than = prefer to 但 prefer to 若连接两个动词，动词应为 v-ing 形式。He would rather jog than play football.=He prefers jogging to playing football. would rather 常单独使用，表示“宁愿做”He would rather watch TV
30、 at home.rather than = instead of 而不是（连接两个并列成分，前后对称） 。Id prefer to go to in summer rather than in winter.I decided to write rather than telephone. I like going out with you rather than with him.She enjoys listening rather than speaking.25. in fact 事实上26. let sb. down 让某人失望，如：Dont let your mother dow
31、n. 不要让你妈妈失望。27. come up with sth. 提出 想出 如：He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。 catch up with sb.追上，赶上。如： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。28. have experience doing 在做某事有经验 如：I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英语方面有经验。29. come out 出版，出来 如：The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出一次。30. by a
32、ccident 偶然地，无意之中 如：Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上个星期我不小心割到自己的手指。31. hurry to do 匆忙 I hurry to call the police. 32. more than=over 超过34. offer 提供 offer sb sth 给 ；offer to sb sth 主动提出干35. give sb sth=give sth to sb 类似的词还有:pass、 lend、show、write、send 等buy sb sth=buy sth for sb 类似的词还有:make、draw
33、、cook 等36.look for 寻找 find 找到、发现find out 指经过观察、探索、调查等弄清楚、弄明白。discover 指发现那些客观存在而不为人所知的实情。如科学上的重大发现。37.bring 带来 take 带走 fetch 去并拿来38.talk to/with sb 同说话。tell 告诉, 分辨，辨别。speak to sb 同 说话，做及物动词，后跟语言。say 后跟名词、代词及宾语从句做宾语，着重强调说话内容。39.What if 如果 将会怎么样？（引导条件状语从句、疑问句） What if she doesnt come? 她要是不来怎么办？What if
34、 your parent dont agree? 如果你的父母不同意怎么办？What if you should fall sick? 如果你生病了怎么办？40.What does/do look like? 问相貌。Whats like? 问“品质性格” 。41.give a speech 做演讲；have a speech 听演讲；give a report 做报告；have a report 听报告42.permission (n.) 允许，许可；permit (v.) 允许；without permission 未经许可43.plenty of 充足的，相当多的。修饰可数或不可数名词，
35、只能用于肯定句。否定、疑问句中用 enough.44.notin the slightest=notat all 根本不45.a little = a bit 修饰形容词、副词 a little = a bit of 修饰不可数名词46.the rest 其余的，可指代可数或不可数名词。The other(s) 只能指代可数名词宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语构成。 常由下面的一些词引导：由 that 引导：表示陈述意义 that 可省略He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。由 if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问
36、意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)I dont know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？从句时态要与主句一致当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。I dont know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wants to know if I have finished
37、my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时) He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。I didnt know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Did you know when he w
38、ould be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？二、短语1、give it to charity 把它捐给慈善机构；2、medical research 医学研究3、What if 如果怎么样？； 4、get nervous 紧张5、take a big exam 参加大考； 6、help with 有助于7、in public 在公共场合；8、hardly ever 几乎不； 9、the whole school 全校 10、without permission 为经许可；11、be(make) friends with 与交朋友12、ask ones permission 请求的允许
39、；13、introduceto 把介绍给 14、inviteto do 邀请干；15、social situations 社会环境 16、not in the slightest 根本不，一点也不；17、 right away 立刻，马上 18、all day 全天；19、be friendly to 对友好；20、at lunch time 在午饭时间21、a bit shy 有点害羞；22、English speech contest 英语演讲比赛23、represent the class 代表班级；24、come top 名列第一（前茅）25、let down 使失望；26、come
40、up with 提出、想出27、be sure of + n./pron. be sure to do 相信 be sure +that 从句 28、the rest of the students 其余的学生29、have a lot of experience (in) doing sth 在做某事方面有经验30、deal with 对付，处理；31、come out 出版32、give advice on 在方面提出意见、建议；33、by accident 偶然地，无意之中34、hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干；35、an internet friend 网友三、句子1.He
41、doesnt know if he should bring a present. 他不知道是否该带礼物。2.You shouldnt worry about what other people say.你不应该考虑别人说什么。3.What will you do if you had a million dollars?如果你有一百万美元，你会干什么？4.If I were you, Id take a small present.如果我是你，我会带一个小礼物。5.Im too tired to do well.我太累了，没考好。6.Dogs can be a lot of trouble.
42、狗会带来很多麻烦。7.What are you like? 你是什么样的人？8.Id invite him/her to have dinner at my house.我会邀请他（她）到我家吃饭。9.You enjoy the company of other people.你喜欢别人的陪伴。10. I feel nervous talking in front of many people.我在众人面前讲话时感到紧张。11.She always comes top in the school exams.她在学校的考试中总是名列前茅。12.She doesnt want to let he
43、r friends down.她不愿让朋友失望。13.If I were you, Ill get out of here.如果我是你，我会离开这里。虚拟语气一、词的语气：指我们平常说的说话人说话的口气。 （在英语中，语气除了指语调以外，最主要的是通过动词发生变化而表示不同语气） 。英语中的语气分为三类：陈述语气（用于陈述句、疑问句、感叹句） ；祈使语气（用于祈使句） ；虚拟语气（用于条件状语从句、宾语从句等）二、虚拟语气：如果所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想，就用虚拟语气。三、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句eg：If he doesnt hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语 )If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.（真实条件状语）If I were you, I would go at once.（非真实条件状语从句）If there was no air, people would die.（非真实条件状语从句）2、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式
