1、Unit 1 Great Scientists,There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? Match the inventions with their inventors below.,Warming Up:,Alexander Bell electricity Thomas Edison the First telephoneLaite Brothers the electric LampMadame Curie black hol
2、es in UniverseFranklin Theory of GravityStephen Hawking the First PlaneElbert Einstein RadiumIsaac Newton the Theory of Relativity,Do you know?,Who discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?,Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the env
3、ironment changed?,Archimedes:kimi:di:z阿基米德,Charles Darwin,Who invented the first steam engine?,Thomas Newcomen托马斯纽科门,Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?,Gregor Mendel格里格孟德尔,Who discovered radium?,Who invented the way of giving electricity to
4、everybody in large cities?,Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?,Marie Curie,Thomas Edison,Leonardo da Vinci列奥纳多达芬奇,Who invented a lamp to keep miner safe underground?,Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?,Who put fo
5、rward a theory about black holes?,Sir Humphrey Davy汉弗莱 戴维爵士,Zhang Heng,Stephen Hawking,Who is the father of super hybrid rice?,Yuan Longping,Do you know who defeated “King Cholera”?,John Snow,Do you know what kind of disease is cholera?,It is a kind of terrible disease caused by drinking dirty water
6、 and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.,Lets get to know how Dr. John Snow defeated “King Cholera” in 1854 in London in this reading passage:,John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”,What happened in 1854?How many people died in 10 days?Why is there no death at N
7、o. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?,Cholera outbreak hit London.,500,These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.,Task 1:Skim and Scan,Task 2: Read and answer,1 Why couldnt the cholera be under control at first?2 Which theory did John Snow beli
8、eve in?3 John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by _. A. gathering information with the help of a map B. looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street C. Separating those who suffered cholera from those who didnt D. Both A and B4 To prevent the cholera from spre
9、ading again, what did John Snow do?,1 Why couldnt the cholera be under control at first?2 Which theory did John Snow believe in?,Neither its cause, not its cure was understood.,People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.,3 John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by _. A. gath
10、ering information with the help of a map B. looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street C. separating those who suffered cholera from those who didnt D. both A and B,4 To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?,Suggested that the source of all
11、water supplies be examined. Instructed the water companies not to expose people to the polluted water anymore.,Read the passage again and fill in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _ in London in the _ century. He wanted to find the _ of cholera in order to _ it. In 1854 when a cholera _ out, he
12、began to gather information. He _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the _ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water
13、 be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.,doctor,19th,cause,defeat,broke,marked,pump,source,examined,dealing,(in 5 minutes),First Reading (in 10 minutes):Write down the main idea of each paragraphPara 1:Para 2:Para 3:Para 4:,John Snow was a famous doctor in London and he was kind enough to he
14、lp the ordinary people with cholera.,John Snow was interested in two theories about cholera.,John Snow collected information to test the two theories.,The map showed that the polluted water might be the reason for cholera.,Para 5:Para 6:Para 7:,The reason for cholera was that the source of the water
15、（水源） was polluted.,John Snow was sure enough that polluted water carried the disease of cholera.,John Snow suggested how to prevent cholera from happening again.,Careful Reading:,John Snow was an doctor in London who Queen Victoria as her personal . He thought about helping ordinary people to choler
16、a. Though the cause and the of it were unknown, he wanted to face the and solve the problem.,para.1,expert,attended,physician,exposed,cure,challenge,Careful Reading:,What were the two theories about the cause of cholera? Which did John Snow want to prove?What was his method of doing the research?,mu
17、ltiplied victimsabsorb,The second one.,To gather information in two particular streets.,para.2&3,Para 2:,John Snow was interested in two theories about cholera.,Careful Reading:,What were the two theories about the cause of cholera? Which did John Snow want to prove?What was his method of doing the
18、research?,multiplied victimsabsorb,The second one.,To gather information in two particular streets.,para.2&3,Para 2:,John Snow was interested in two theories about cholera.,First Reading (in 10 minutes):Write down the main idea of each paragraphPara 2:Para 3:,John Snow was interested in two theories
19、 about cholera.,John Snow collected information to test the two theories.,Careful Reading:,para.4,What did he do with the results of his enquiry?What valuable clue did he get about the cause of the disease?What might be the cause?,Marked on a map,Many of the deathshad no deaths.,It seemed that the w
20、ater was to blame for cholera.,Para 4:,The map showed that the polluted water might be the reason for cholera.,Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.,Part of Snows Cholera Map,Careful Reading:,para.5,Why did he tell people to remove the handle from the pump?What happened after
21、the handle was removed?,So that ,slowed down,Para 5:,The reason for cholera was that the source of the water（水源） was polluted.,Careful Reading:,para.6&7,Where did the woman live and what did she had delivered to her house every day?What did their deaths suggest?What measures did John Snow take to pr
22、event the disease from spreading?,Away from Broad StreetWater from the pump,The polluted water carried the virus,.suggested thatbe examinedwere instructed not to exposeto,Para 6:Para 7:,John Snow was sure enough that polluted water carried the disease of cholera.,John Snow suggested how to prevent c
23、holera from happening again.,the way of doing sth.= the way to do “做.的方法”She showed us the way of cleaning it.= She showed us the way to clean it.她给我们示范清洗它的办法.the way引导的定语从句的引导词有三种, 可以用that;可以用in which;还可以省略.I dont like the way (that/ in which) you speak to your father.我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式. 与way相关的短语:by t
24、he way 顺便说 by way of 通过的方法lose ones way 迷路 no way (俚语) 没门,别想feel ones way 摸黑走,谨慎从事on ones way to在去的路上in this way=by this means=with this method用这种方法,6. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时就有大批惊慌的老百姓病死.every time是连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次,每当”,如:Every time I meet
25、 him, I always think of the things happened between us.每次见到他,我就想起发生在我们之间的事情.immediately, the moment, directly, instantly 等都可以作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一就”,如:,I will give the letter to him immediately I see him.我一见到他就把这封信给他.I came directly I got your letter.我一接到你的信就来了.,Read the passage again and finish Ex. 1(P
26、age 3). (in 8 minutes),John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”,Language points,Language Points,Find the phrases in the passage.,1、提出 2、传染病3、科学研究4、得出结论5、分析结果6、对产生兴趣7、被传染的人8、信仰9、查清楚,10、调查11、水源12、使慢下来13、另外14、把和联系起来15、死于16、毫无疑问地17、阻止做18、处理,put forwardinfectious diseasesscientific research draw a conclusionanal
27、yze the resultsget interested in the affected people believe in find out,1、提出 2、传染病3、科学研究4、得出结论5、分析结果6、对产生兴趣7、被传染的人8、信仰9、查清楚,look into the source of water slow down in addition linkto die of with certaintypreventfrom deal with,10、调查11、水源12、使慢下来13、另外14、把和联系起来15、死于16、毫无疑问地17、阻止做18、处理,Language Points1.
28、discover & inventdiscover v. “ 发现“,被探索或被揭示物老早就客观存在着.Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲.Who discovered radium? 谁发现了镭?invent v. “发明”,指的是发明原先不存在的东西.Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机?2.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法?,the
29、way of doing sth.= the way to do “做.的方法”She showed us the way of cleaning it.= She showed us the way to clean it.她给我们示范清洗它的办法.the way引导的定语从句的引导词有三种, 可以用that;可以用in which;还可以省略.I dont like the way (that/ in which) you speak to your father.我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式. 与way相关的短语:by the way 顺便说 by way of 通过的方法lose on
30、es way 迷路 no way (俚语) 没门,别想feel ones way 摸黑走,谨慎从事on ones way to在去的路上in this way=by this means=with this method用这种方法,6. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时就有大批惊慌的老百姓病死.every time是连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次,每当”,如:Every time I meet him, I always think of the thing
31、s happened between us.每次见到他,我就想起发生在我们之间的事情.immediately, the moment, directly, instantly 等都可以作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一就”,如:,I will give the letter to him immediately I see him.我一见到他就把这封信给他.I came directly I got your letter.我一接到你的信就来了.,3.Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出了黑洞的理论?put forward(1) to o
32、ffer (an idea, suggestion etc.) for consideration 提出(建议等)(2)推荐某人或自己任职位;提名May I put your name forward as our monitor?我能否提名你当我们的班长?put away 抛弃;舍弃 put down 写下来;记入名单;put on 穿上;戴上;增加 put off 耽误;延期put out 熄灭(灯);扑灭 (火) put up 建立;建造put up with 忍受 You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _ t
33、he books when youve finished with them.A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off,1. put forward 提出,put down put off put away put on put out,放下，记下推迟，延期放好穿上， 上演扑灭,Ex. Fill in the blanks.The manager _ a good idea to solve the problem.Tom, could you please _ toys and books ? They are everywhere.3. Th
34、e big fire was _ an hour later. 4. The match has _ because of the rain. 5. Time was up for the test. So all the students _ their pens and turned in their papers.6. The man _ his best hat and went to the station.,put forward,put away,put out,been put off,put down,put on,4.This was the most deadly dis
35、ease of its day.die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.)deadly adj. 1.dangerous; likely to cause death 危险的;致命的 a deadly disease/weapon 2. highly effective against sth. or someone 强有力的;致命的 a deadly remark 击中要害的评论3. aiming to kill or destroy意在杀死的;不共戴天的: a deadly enemy不共戴天的敌人adv. 1. Very极度;非常;十分: deadly serious
36、 十分认真 2. like death 死一般地: deadly pale 死一般苍白,2. attend,1) 专心 , 处理 attend to sth. 2）照顾 attend to sb. / sth3) 治疗，护理, 照料attend (on ) sb. 4）出席，参加 attend a meeting attend school (入学）He attended to his business.If you go out , who will attend to the baby?I didnt attend his wedding on Sunday because I was t
37、oo busy.,他专心于他的事务。,如果你出去，谁照顾婴儿呢？,星期天我没出席他的婚礼因为太忙了。,Exercises,她岁就上学了。一位好医生在医院里给我看病。你能马上处理这件事吗？,She attended school at the age of five.,A good doctor attended (on) me in hospital.,Can you attend to this matter right away ?,3. ease v . 减轻，舒缓,This medicine can ease pain.The relationship between these tw
38、o countries has eased.,这种药能镇痛缓解痛楚。,两国的关系已经得到缓和。,ease ones mind = put sb. at (ones) ease,使某人安心,她说的话使大家安下心来。,What she said eased everyones mind.,What she said put everyone at ease.,5.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.在句中是过去分词作后置定语,表示被动.意为“患霍乱的”.如:T
39、he book written by Luxun is very popular.expose v.to make visible 暴露 “expose .to.”He exposes his skin to the sun. 他把皮肤暴露在阳光下.(2)to reveal the guilt or wrong doing of 揭露;揭发He exposed their plot.他揭穿了他们的阴谋.I threatened to expose him ( to the police).我威胁要(向警察)揭发他.,expose to 使易受,使受 expose a fraud 揭穿骗局exp
40、ose sth. to the light of day 把某事暴露于光天化日之下,The disc, in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded,5. cure,v. / n. 治愈, 治疗 This kind of medicine cant cure him of his headache.He went to the city for a cure in a famous hospital.,这
41、种药治不了他的头痛。,他到城里一家有名的医院治疗。,v.,n.,科学家们在寻找一种治疗禽流感的方法。,Scientists are searching for a method to cure bird flu.,6. control,v. 统治，控制He tried to control his anger. 他尽量控制自己的愤怒。n. 统治，控制 , 掌握 in control of指导；支配He was in control of the car.他负责这辆小汽车。under the control of 被控制着( go ) out of control 失控,他的钱是由他妻子掌管的。
42、 那辆车失去控制撞在墙上。,His money is under the control of his wife.,The car went out of control and hit the wall.,7.The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air without reason.第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中无缘无故地繁殖着.(Suggest 用法参考P43.4,并完成相关的练习)8.absorb v. 吸收(液体);承受;承担 (费用等)Use the cloth to absorb the spilled ink. 吸干
43、撒的墨水We will not absorb these charges.我们不能承担这些费用.absorbin/by.吸引注意 I was absorbed in a book and didnt hear you call.专心看书,absorbinto吸收The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。,8. severe,= serious 严厉的，严格的 = very harmful 剧烈的 be severe with =
44、 be strict with 对要求严格His severe looks frightened me. 他的严厉表情使我恐慌。He has a severe pain in his leg. 他的脚痛得厉害。 他对自己要求很严格。 He is very severe with himself.,9. valuable a. 贵重的，重要的，有用的,be valuable to sb. 对某人有价值be valuable for sth. 对有用value n. 价值valuable = of great value 他给我们提供了宝贵的信息。这本书对我的学习很有价值。 电脑对储存资料很有用。
45、,He provided us with valuable information.,This book is valuable to me in my studies.,This book is of great value to me in my studies.,Computer is valuable for storing information.,10. blame 责备，指责，归咎于,blame sb. (for sth. )blame sth. on sb.They blamed him for everything . 他们样样事都指责他。He blamed it on me
46、. 他怪我不好。 警察把这个事故的责任归咎那个司机。他把比赛失败归咎于自己。,The police blamed the accident on the driver.,He blamed himself for the loss of the match.,11. handle,n. 把手， 柄v. 操作， 处理，管理， 拿the handle of the doorhandle the businesshandle an argument handle the food,门的把手,管理业务,处理一场争论,拿食物,12. in addition 除此之外，另外，并且,in addition to = besides 除此之外还有In addition to English , he has to study a second foreign language. 除了英语之外，他还必须学习第二外语。In addition , I work for the computer computer in my spare time. 此外，我还在业余时间要电脑公司工作。,
