1、Unit 5 First aid(必修5),学案,一、重点词汇考点1 aid n. & v.帮助；援助；资助【教材原句】First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. 急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人提供的一种暂时的帮助。【归纳拓展】 first aid急救 aid sb to do sth帮助某人做某事 come to ones aid帮某人的忙 in aid of 为了帮助 with
2、 the aid of 在的帮助下 aid sb in (doing) sth帮助某人（做）某事 aid sb with sth在某方面帮助某人 do/ give/ offer/ perform/ carry out first aid (to sb)（对某人）实施急救,【例句研读】(1)Im collecting money in aid of starving children. _ 饥饿的孩子们，我正在募捐。(2)With the aid of our teachers, we learned how to perform first aid. _ ，我们学会了如何进行急救。(3)The
3、y were accused of aiding him in his escape.他们被控告 _ 。,为了帮助,在老师的帮助下,帮助他逃跑,【即时巩固】When someone is hurt, _（急救）should be immediately offered._（借助于计算机）,he worked out the problem.,first aid,With the aid of the computer,考点2injury n.损伤，伤害【教材原句】Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other ti
4、mes when giving first aid quickly can save lives. 经常这种病或伤势并不严重，但是在其他一些情形下迅速给予急救可能会挽救生命。【例句研读】(1)The driver of the car received serious injuries to the legs and arms.那位汽车司机的双腿和双臂 _ 。(2) Dont do that. You ll do yourself an injury.别那样做。你会 _ 。,严重受伤,把你自己弄伤的,【归纳拓展】do an injury to sb/ do sb an injury对某人有害；
5、伤害某人辨析：injury, wound, hurt, harm (1)injury意为“（对身体的）伤害；损伤”，多指在意为意外事故中受伤。常用搭配：do an injury to There were no injuries in the crash.(= no people injured)撞车事故中无人受伤。 (2)wound指在战斗或攻击中搜的刀伤或枪伤He received a bad leg wound in the war.战斗中，他的腿部受了重伤。 (3)hurt尤指对精神、感情上的伤害，也可指对肉体的伤害This failure was a great hurt to me
6、.这次失败对我而言是个很大的伤害。 (4)harm指对物质或精神的极大损害，既可以用于事物，也可用于抽象事物。常用搭配：do harm to Studies show that smoking does harm to people.研究表明吸烟对人体有害。,【即时巩固】（2013辽宁高考）The accident caused some _ to my car, but its nothing serious. A. harm B. injury C. ruin D. damage,【答案】 D,【解析】句意：这起事故对我的车造成了一些损坏，但是不太严重。根据句中but its nothin
7、g serious.可知汽车为部分功能的丧失，故选用damage（可以修复的损坏） 。,考点3 variety n. 变化；多样（化）；多变（性） 【教材原句】You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun , electricity or chemicals. 你可能会被许多东西烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射（由于靠近高温或大火等）、太阳、电或化学物品。【归纳拓展】a (wid
8、e/ great/ large) variety of / varieties of 各种各样的various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的vary vi. 不同；变化；变更 vary fromto 由到不等；在到之间变动 vary with 随着而变动,【例句研读】(1) There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.有 _ 图案可供选择。(2) All varieties of goods for daily use are available.日用百货 _ 。,种类繁多的,一应俱全,【即时巩固】(1) Our company p
9、rovides us with _ activities.(2) Our customs _ place _ place.(3) He resigned for a(n) _ of reasons. A. various B. different C .variety D. amount,【答案】C,a wide variety of,vary from,to,【解析】句意：他由于种种原因辞职了。 a variety of各种各样的；various许多；不同的，其后直接接名词；different不同的，其后接名词；an amount of许多，只能修饰不可数名词。,考点4treat vt. &
10、 n.【教材原句】John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slades hands. 约翰就用这些东西把施耐德女士手上最严重的伤口包扎起来。【归纳拓展】（1）vt.对待 treatment n.治疗；处理；对待 treat sb well/badly待某人好/不好；treat sb with respect/kindness尊重某人/友好待人；treatlike/ as像对待（2）vt.治疗 treat sb for治疗某人的某种疾病；treat sb with用治疗某人（3）vt.款待；n.款待；招待 treat sb/
11、oneself to用招待/款待某人/自己；my treat我来付钱，我请客（口语）,(1)He treated his wife badly.他 _ 他的妻子。 (2)Dont treat this serious matter as/like a joke.不要把这件严肃的事情 _ 笑料。(3)Which doctor is treating you for your burns?哪个大夫 _？ (4)The doctor tried to treat his disease with music.医生 _。(5)Well treat you to baked sweet potatoes
12、.我们会_。 (6)Lets go out to lunch(its) my treat.我们出去吃午饭吧。_,当做,虐待,在给你治疗你的烧伤,用音乐尽力地为他治病,请你吃烤地瓜,我请客。,【即时巩固】（2011四川高考）All visitors to this village _ with kindness. A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated,【答案】 B,【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：所有来到这个村庄的游客都受到了友好的款待。该句描述的是目前的一般情况，故使用一般现在时。又因为谓语和主语之间为被动关系。故
13、谓语的形式应为一般现在时的被动语态。,(2)Hundreds waited at the hospital, where doctors were forced to _ the injured in the open air because only one operating room is functioning. A. treat B. cure C. deal D. trade,【答案】A,【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：数百人在医院里等候，在那里医生被迫在外面治疗伤员，因为只有一间手术室能用。A. treat治疗；B. cure治愈；C. deal交易；D. trade做生意。,考点5
14、 apply vt./vi.申请；应用，运用；涂，敷，搽； 【教材原句】He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. 他用力按住伤口，是血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。【归纳拓展】 n. application 申请；应用；applicant 申请人apply (to) for：(向)申请，应聘apply oneself to (prep.)：致力于；专注于，集中精力做applyto：把施于，把应用于apply to适用于；关系到；牵涉到
15、；向申请,【例句研读】(1) To apply for a job, you must fill out a form._ 工作要填表格。(2)He has applied to the company for the position of the manager.他已 _ 那家公司提出 _ 经理职务的 _。(3) In spite of much noise, he still applied himself to reading.尽管有很多噪音，他仍然 _ 读书。(4)The new technology has been applied to farming. 这项新技术已 _ 农业了
16、。(5) The nurse applied some medicine to the wound.护士把一些药 _ 伤口上。(6)The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.安全驾驶的规则 _ 每个人。,申请,对,向,申请,专心致志地,应用于,敷到,适用于,【即时巩固】The position,_ you are applying, however, is not quite a well-paid one. A. that B. which C. for which D. to which,【答案】 A,【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你所申请的那个
17、职位，报酬并不高。apply (to) for：(向)申请，应聘。,二、重点短语考点1take off 脱下，拿掉；起飞；离开；取消【教材原句】Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.靠近烧伤面的其他衣物和首饰也都要取掉。【例句研读】(1) However hot it is, he will not take off his coat.无论多热，他都不会 _ 外衣。(2) The plane took off an hour late.飞机 _ 晚了一个小时。(3)The show was taken off because o
18、f poor audience figures.该剧因不卖座而 _。,起飞,脱掉,停演了,【归纳拓展】take after 追赶 take back 带回，归还 take in 欺骗，吸收 take out 带出；除去take away 拿走 take up 占（时间、地方等）；从事 take on 雇用；呈现 take over 继承；接管,【即时巩固】（2011陕西高考）Some insects _ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. A. take in B. take off C. take on D. tak
19、e out,【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些昆虫可以呈现出与它们周围环境一样的颜色，以保护自己。take in:吸收；理解；欺骗；收留；take off:起飞；脱掉；take out:取出；take on呈现。,【答案】 C,考点2a number of“许多，大量”【教材原句】He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their
20、house. 他立即向旁边的很多人要绷带，但当他们都没找到绷带的时候，他的父亲就从屋里拿出一次额擦杯盘的布和胶带。【例句研读】(1)A large number of buildings have been set up. _ 楼房被建了起来。,许多,【归纳拓展】辨析：a number of与the number of （1）a number of与复数名词或代词连用，意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。A number of doctors were sent to Sichuan Province.许多医生被派去了四川省。 （2）the number of与复数名词或代词连用，意为“的
21、数量”，作主语时，谓语用单数The number of men teachers on our school is thirty.我们学校的男教师的人数是30。表示“许多”“大量的”的短语：仅用来修饰可数名词的短语有a great/ good/ large number of, a great many, quite a few, many a, many等。（注意：many a + 单数名词 + 单数谓语动词）仅用来修饰不可数名词的有much, a great deal of, an amount of等。既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的有a lot of, lots of, plent
22、y of, a quantity of, quantities of, masses of等。（注意：a quantity of与quantities of后既可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词，它们作主语时，谓语动词的单复依据quantity的单复来定。）,【即时巩固】_ number of workers in our factory is about 3,000 and _ number of them come from America. A. The; a B. A; the C. A; a D. The; the,【答案】A,【解析】考查冠词辨析。句意：我们工厂约有3,000名工人，其
23、中大量的工人来自于美国。 the number of+可数名词复数，表示“的数量”，作主语时谓语用单数；而a number of+可数名词复数，表示“许多”，作主语谓语用复数。,考点3put ones hands on=get ones hands on找到【例句研读】(1)She cant put her hands on the ring from her boyfriend.她 _ 男朋友给她的戒指了。(2) Jim finally put his hands on his lost books.吉姆最终 _ 丢失的书。,找不到,找到了,【即时巩固】Excuse me, may I us
24、e our car?Im sorry. Im afraid I cant _ the car key just at the moment. A. rely on B. concentrate on C. put my hands on D. take on,【答案】C,【解析】“打扰了，我能用一下你的车吗？”“抱歉，恐怕我目前找不到我的车钥匙了。”A. rely on依靠；B. concentrate on集中精力于；C. put my hands on找到；D. take on呈现；承担。,考点4a knowledge of知道，了解；有知识【教材原句】It shows that a kn
25、owledge of first aid can make a real difference. 这表明懂得急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。【例句研读】(1) Many people agree that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade now.现在很多人都认为在国际贸易中 _ 英语已经成为一种必要。【归纳拓展】to ones knowledge据某人所知without ones knowledge在某人不知道的情况下get/ obtain knowledge获得知识enlarge/ broaden/ widen o
26、nes knowledge扩充某人的知识,掌握,【即时巩固】 One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _ good knowledge of basic word formation. A. / B. the C. a D. one,【答案】 C,【解析】考查冠词。knowledge为不可数名词，但若指具体某一方面的知识时，抽象名词具体化。,考点5make a difference产生重大影响，有影响（作用）；要紧；重要【例句研读】(1)As teachers, you must believe that you can
27、make a great deal of difference to the lives of your students.身为教师，你们必须坚信你们能够 _ 学生的一生。 (2) It makes no difference/ doesnt make any difference to me whether you come here or not.对我来说，你来不来这儿 _。(3) A few kind words at the right time make all the difference.在适当的时候说几句体贴的话效果 _。,极大地影响,都无所谓,迥然不同,【即时巩固】A lit
28、tle perseverance _（很大影响）between success and failure.,makes a big difference,三、经典句型考点1as引导定语从句【教材原句】So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. 因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。【句法分析】本句中as you can imagine是as引导的非限制性定语从句；【归纳拓展】as引导定语从句：(1)as可以表达“如同，那样，按照；正如”等含义。常用的结构有as we know（众
29、所周知），as often happens（正如常发生的那样），as is often the case（情况常常如此），as is mentioned above (如上所述), as is announced (如报道的那样)等。(2)as与which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，有时可互换，但也有区别。从句在句首时只能用as.(3)引导限制性定语从句，as在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，此时该限制性定语从句的先行词被the same, so, such，as修饰。,【例句研读】(1)As is well-known, great changes have taken place in Ch
30、ina.众所周知，中国发生了巨大的变化。(2)Haste makes waste, as is often the case.忙中出错是很常见的。(3)As everybody knows, Shakespeare is a famous writer.众所周知，莎士比亚是一位著名的作家。(4)It is such a difficult problem as none of us can work out. 这是这么难的问题，我们没人做得出。【注意】当先行词被the same修饰时，that也可引导定语从句，但意义有所不同：the sameas指同样或同类的事物；the samethat指同
31、一个事物。,【即时巩固】(1)His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it. (SX06) A. so B. and C. that D. as,【答案】 C,【解析】考查状语从句。so/suchthat：如此以至于；句意：他的计划如此之好，我们都同意接受。该句that引导结果状语从句。,(2)These houses are sold at such a low price _ people expected. (S2000春） A. as B. that C. so D. like,【答案】 A,【解析】考查定语从句。句
32、意：这些房子以人们预想中的低价销售了。分析句式可知该句为限制性定语从句，因为先行词price被such所修饰，且关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当expected的宾语，故选择关系代词as，即正确答案为A.,(3)“You cant judge a book by its cover,”_. (2013 N) A. as the saying goes old B. goes as the old saying C. as the old saying goes D. goes as old the saying,【答案】C,【解析】考查定语从句。句意：俗话说：“人不可貌相。”该句为as引导非限
33、制性定语从句，as the old saying goes，应该用正常语序，只有C是正确的。old是形容词，修饰名词saying,必须放在所修饰的名词之前。故该题正确答案为C.,考点2并列连词when【教材原句】John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。【句法分析】该句中when为并列连词，表示“这时（突然）”。【归纳拓展】be about to do sth when正在做某事 这时（突然）be on the point of doing sth 即将做某事be doing sth 正在
34、做某事had just done sth 刚做完某事,【例句研读】He was about to lock the door when he heard a strange sound.他正要锁门，这时听见了一个奇怪的声音。(2)She was squeezing juice out when she heard a knock at the door.她正在榨果汁，这时听到有人敲门。(3)He had just arrived home when it rained.他刚回到家就下雨了。,【即时巩固】（2013陕西高考）Jim _ a late night film at home when
35、, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank. A. watched B. had watched C. was watching D. would be watching,【答案】 C,【解析】句意： 吉姆在家看一部午夜电影，看到中间一幕惊险的场景时，屏幕上突然出现一片空白。“be doingwhen”正在做某事这时突然。,考点3强调句【教材原句】It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slades lif
36、e. 正是约翰快捷的动作和急救知识挽救了施耐德女士的生命。【句法分析】此句为强调句，强调主语Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid。【归纳拓展】 强调句型的结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who这种结构可以强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。强调句型It is/was that/who(1)被强调部分指人时，用who或that引导皆可，被强调的代词的格应与原句的格保持一致。(2)被强调部分如果是原句的主语，who或that后面的谓语在人称和数上应和原句的主语保持一致。(3)被强调的股份是状语时，也必须用that引导。(4
37、)对与否定词连用的until短语或从句进行强调时，应连同not一起放在被强调部分中。,(1) It was I that/who met him in the street this morning. 是我今天早上在街上遇到了他。(2) It is I that/who am to blame for the mistake. 是我应该对这个错误承担责任。(3) It was in the street that I met him this morning. 我今天早上是在街上遇到他的。(4) It is not until he returns home that she will go
38、to bed. 直到他回来了，她才睡觉。,【即时巩固】(1)（04河北高考）It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go(2)（2013新课标全国高考）It was only after he had read the papers _Mr Gross realized the task
39、before him was extremely difficult to complete. A. when B. that C. which D. what(3)（2012重庆高考）It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic _ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa. A. when B. that C. after D. since(4)（2011陕西高考）It is not how much we do but how much love we put into wha
40、t we do _ benefits our work most. A. who B. which C. that D. what,C,B,B,C,考点4There is no doubt that毫无疑问【教材原句】There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life. 毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了施耐德女士的生命。【归纳拓展】There is no doubt that毫无疑问Sb dont dou
41、bt that该句中that引导的是同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容。(2)对有些疑问：There is some doubt about/of + n.There is some doubt whether/ if从句Sb doubt whether/ if从句Sb have/has some doubt about/of + n.注意：不管是在同位语从句还是宾语从句中，在否定句还是在疑问句中，doubt后面接that从句；而在肯定句中，通常接whether或if引导的从句。,(3) beyond/ out of doubt 毫无疑问地 in doubt 可怀疑地；不确定地 no/
42、without doubt 无疑地【例句研读】There is no doubt that China is playing a more and more important part in the world.毫无疑问，中国在世界上起着越来越重要的作用。There is some doubt about her patience at this moment.对于她此刻的耐心有些怀疑。,【即时巩固】Is _, you think, no doubt that she will turn up on time?She _ to come on time.A. there; promised B. it; promisedC. she; promise D. that; promise,【答案】A,【解析】考查固定句式和时态。句意“你认为，毫无疑问她会按时出现吗？”“她答应过按时到的。”第一空为固定句式: There is no doubt that；根据语境可知，她之前承诺过会按时到的。所以第二空时态应为一般过去时，故正确答案为A.,再见,
