1、Unit 2English around the worldReading,高一人教新课标必修一,actually in fact 实际上, 事实上at present now 现在的、出席的rule govern 统治vocabulary words and expressions 词汇、词汇量gradually by degrees 逐渐地,New words,official 官方的 voyage 航行, 航海native 本国的, 本地的actually 事实上latter 后者的 identity 身份fluent 流利的frequently 频繁地,be based on 以为基础
2、culture 文化 、文明identity 身份government 政府rapidly 迅速地Singapore 新加坡Malaysia 马来西亚,A. How to learn English wellB. The brief history of modern EnglishC. The way to England D. The difference between modern English and old English,Choose the main idea of the text.,B,German,The history of the English language,
3、less,ruled,Shakespeare,America,Australia,government and education,English spelling,dictionary,The American Dictionary of the English Language.,in South Asia,China,South Africa,time,place,Language can change with time.,Language can change when cultures communicate with each other.,Conclusion,At first
4、, only people in _ spoke English. Later, people from England _ to other parts, so English began to be spoken in _ _ _. Today, _ people speak English as their _, second or foreign language. _ English speakers _understand each other but _ _.,Retell the text.,England,moved,many other countries,more,fir
5、st,Native,can,not everything,All languages change when _ communicate with one another. So there are British English, American English, Australian English and so on. They all have their own _. English is also spoken as a foreign or second language in _ _ _. Maybe one day Chinese English will become o
6、ne of the world English.,cultures,identity,many other countries,1. Nearly all of them lived in England.nearly和almost 用法明辨：(1) 两者通用的场合 a. 在肯定句中 b. 修饰all, every, always 等时 c. 在行为动词的否定式前时e.g. He is almost/nearly 80 years old.,Language Points,(2)只用almost 的场合a. 和any, no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere, n
7、ever 等连用时。b. 和too, more than 等连用时。c. 和表示感觉或心理活动的静态 动词连用时。e.g. There is almost none left. (3)只用nearly的场合a. 被 very, not, pretty 等修饰时。b. 和具体数字连用时(nearly常用)。如:Nearly 100 students attended the meeting.,2. voyage 在此为可数名词, 意为“旅行, 航行”。如： The Titanic went under on its first voyage. They supplied this ship wi
8、th enough food and necessities for a long voyage. I dont want to make the voyage without help.,拓展 voyage还可用作动词, 意为“(乘船) 航行, 航海”。如：They planned to voyage across the Pacific Ocean. 注意区别名词travel, journey, trip和voyage: travel 用作不可数名词, 只用于泛指从某地去另一地，如果某人在某段时间里到处走, 可用travels；journey用作可数名词, 表示去某地所花的时间和旅行,的距
9、离, 尤指较长距离的或定期的旅行; trip用作可数名词, 表示非定期的, 也许较短的往返旅行; voyage则常指海上旅行或太空旅行。 Air travel is becoming cheaper. Hes on his travels again. Lily had a long and difficult journey through the mountains last year. The kids are going on a trip to the castle.,3. because of 后边加名词或动名词短语； because 是连词, 所以后边跟句子。 因为你的关心, 我
10、发现生活充满了希望。Because you are concerned about me, I find that life is full of hope.Because of your concern, I find that life is full of hope.,因为雨下得很大, 那个男孩穿过树林回家了。Because it rained heavily, the boy went back home through the woods.Because of the heavy rain, the boy went back home through the woods.,4. t
11、han ever before “比以往任何时候更”than ever before可看作是than they ever speak English before 的省略形式。在比较级结构中，副词 ever 与比较级和最高级连用，用来加强语气。如:Youll speak English much better than ever before.Jane looks much prettier than ever before.,ever在不同句型中的意义： 1) 曾经; 以前 (用于疑问句) 2) 无论什么时候都 (不) (用于否定句) 3) 曾经 (用于if 从句) 4) 到底; 究竟 (用
12、于特殊疑问句) 5) 永远; 老是 (用于肯定句),5. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.even if =even though “即使”, 用来引导一个让步状语从句, 后面既可以用陈述语气, 也可用虚拟语气, 但是even if / though 引导的从句不用将来时。如:Even if it rains tomorrow, we will leave for Beijing.,用if, as if, even if 填空。(
13、1) _ I had money, I wouldnt buy it.(2) _ I had money, I would buy it.(3) It looks _ it is going to rain.(even if 引导让步状语从句; if 引导条件状语从句; as if/though “似乎是”引导方式状语从句),Even if,If,as if,注意: (1) even if (= even though): in spite of the fact; no matter whether 即使; 尽管是连词词组, 用来引导让步状语从句; 若主、从句皆表示将来情况, 从句中可用一般
14、现在时代替将来时。(2) even if 从句所说的不那么肯定。 even though 从句是事实。e.g: Even if he is poor, she loves him. (=He may be poor, yet she loves him.) (Even) though he is poor, she loves him. (= He is poor, yet she loves him.),When talking to a friend over the telephone, you feel that you are close _ the actual distance
15、is not shortened. A. but B. even if C. so D. because,B, A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station. The sun comes up in the east. New shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones. Your question came up at the meeting. come about 出现；发生,6. come up 上来, 走近; 发芽; 被提出
16、; 升起,走近, 上来,升起,被提出,come across 偶然遇到或找到come around 恢复; 还原; 改变某人的 意见或立场come down 传承; 按习惯通过或处理come out 成为众所周知; 发行或发表; 结果; 自己公开宣布come over 过来; 偶然拜访come up with 宣布或发现 The doctor came up with a cure for the disease.,7. So why has English changed over time?那么, 英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢？over 贯穿, 经过(一段时间)e.g.经过这些年, 他
17、变得更有耐心。 Over the years, he has become more patient. 周末她会来杭州。She will come to Hangzhou over the weekend.圣诞节时你在家吗？Will you stay at home over Christmas?over 超过(=more than), 再三 (again) over 2 minutes over and over,8. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的,而现代英
18、语不是。1) base v. 意为“以为根据, 把基础设在”, 常构成短语base sth. on/upon sth。如：,This novel is based on fact.这部小说是以事实为根据的。The paper had intended to base itself in London.This film is based on a novel by D. H. Lawrence.拓展base还可用作名词, 意为“底部, 基地, 基础”等。如:,There is a door at the base of the tower.How many military bases are
19、 they maintaining on foreign soil?Many languages have Latin as their base.掌握base构成的两个短语：be off base 完全错误, 大错特错touch base (with) sb(跟某人) 联系上, 逗留,2) morethan 是而不是;与其说不如说; 中间接相同成分。He is more a friend than a teacher.He is more lazy than stupid.扩展: more than 不仅仅; 多于; 十分e.g. He is more than a teacher in o
20、ur school.He made more than ten friends in this club.She is more than beautiful.rather than 而不是; less than少于；other than 除之外,3) present,adj. 当前的, 现在的 (作前置定语)Did you see the present national leaders?Can you tell us something about the present situation?出席的, 在场的 (作表语或后置定语) Our teacher was present at th
21、e meeting.All the people present agree to my plan.,n. 目前, 现在; 礼物I cant spare time because I am busy at present.What present did you receive from your parents?at present: now; at this time/moment Shes busy at present and cant speak to you. 她现在很忙, 不能跟你谈话。At present he is a professor of mathematics at
22、Cambridge. 目前他是剑桥大学的数学教授。,vt. 赠与，给， 提出present sb. with sth. 或present sth. to sb.把交给, 颁发, 授予 如:Mother presented a gift to me just now.On his birthday, his friends presented him with a series of readers/presented a series of readers to him. (送给他一套读者),9. Shakespeare made use of a wider vocabulary than
23、ever before.莎士比亚使用了比以往任何时候更为广泛的词汇量。make use of 利用, 使用make good/full use of 充分使用make no use of sth. 没有利用 We could make good use of our resources.我们应该充分利用好我们的资源。Every minute should be made good use of. 每一分钟都应该很好地利用。,She makes use of people she meets as heroes for her novel.We should make good use of t
24、ime to study.拓展 make构成的常见短语: make of、make from 通常用于被动语态, 构成be made of、be made from 都表示“由制成”。,其中be made of 表示在产品中能够看出原材料; be made from 表示在产品中看不出原材料。make up 编写, 编造；和解make up of 由组成/构成；make up for 弥补, 补偿make out 理解, 弄懂; 看清, (勉强) 辨认出; 假装, 装成make into 制成make it 成功, 办成; 及时赶到,10. the number of/ a number of
25、the number of “的数目”, 接可数名词复数, 其后谓语动词用单数。The number of undergraduates has increased over the years.a number of 许多, 大量 (后接复数名词), 其后谓语动词用复数。(a great number of/a large number of/ a small number of )A number of teachers agree with me.,The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for
26、 different reasons.A. were; was B. was; wasC. was; were D. were; were,C,注意: 只能修饰可数名词的 a large/great/good number of, a good/great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few,只能修饰不可数名词的：a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little, a large sum of 既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的：plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a larg
27、e quantity of,11. such as & for example,such as 用来列举事物时, 一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子且所列举事物的数量不能等于它前面所提到的总和, 一旦相等, 要用that is 或namely.I have three good friends, such as John, Jack and Tom.He can speak four languages, such as English and French.,for example: 用来举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只举同类人或物中的 “一个” 为例，作插入语，可位于句首，句中或句尾，通常与所
28、给的例子用逗号隔开，其后的例子可以是从句。,Ball games, for example, have spread around the world.There are many kinds of pollution (污染) Noise, for example, is a kind of pollution.,用such as, for example, namely填空(1) Students, _ Tom and Mary, should be learnt from.(2) Wear something simple, _, a skirt and blouse. (3) He k
29、nows six languages, _ Chinese, French, English, Spanish, Russian and Portuguese.,such as,for example,namely,12. Only time can tell. 惟有时间将能证明。tell vi. 显示出; 发生影响; 起作用; 判断tell A from B: 区分, 分别Can you tell Tom from his twin brother?,13. frequently adv. 经常地, 频繁地e.g. He was frequently drunk.Stores of grai
30、n are frequently attacked by pests.,frequently的形容词是frequent, 意为 “经常的, 频繁的”。如：He is a frequent visitor to our house.Her headaches are becoming less frequent.Frequent 还可用作动词, 意为“常到, 常去”。如：The bar was frequented by actors from the nearby theatre.These woods are frequented by all kinds of birds.,I. Word
31、s:1.包括 _ 2. 国际的_3.本地人_ 4. 公寓住宅_5.现代的_ 6. 文化,文明_7.实际上_ 8. 现在的,出席的_9.使用,用法_ 10. 政府_11.迅速地_ 12. 命令,指令_13.有礼貌的_ 14. 东南方的_ 15.辨认出_ 16. 口音,重音_17.方向, 指导_ 18. 地铁_,include,international,native,flat/apartment,modern,culture,actually,present,usage,government,rapidly,command,polite,southeastern,recognize,accent,direction,subway,. 重点短语,play a role/part in compare A with/to Bmake good/full use of because of believe it or not come upsuch as be based onbe different from,Homework 1. Memorize the new words. 2. Retell the passage.3. Finish exercises in Learning about language.,
