1、.词汇过关1_n场面；景色2_vi.漫游；漂泊3_vt.& vi.允许；准许_n通行证；执照_n允许；准许4_n过错；缺点5_vt.发现；认出_n班点；污点；地点6_n耐心；忍耐_adj.7_n信封8_vt.& vi寻找；探索_(过去式)_(过去分词),答案：1.scene2.wander3.permit; permit; permission4.fault5.spot; spot6.patience; patient7.envelope8.seek; sought; sought,.短语自查1打赌_2not at all_3前进；可以_4as a matter of fact_5偶然；不小心
2、_6凝视；盯着看_7account for_8to be honest_9与此相反_,答案：1.make a bet2.一点也不；根本不3.go ahead4.事实上5.by accident6.stare at7.导致；做出解释8.说实话9.on the contrary,.句式翻译1The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship._答案：第二天早晨，我正在感到绝望的时候，一艘海船发现了我。2Now if youll excuse me, I think Ill be o
3、n my way._答案：好了，请原谅，我想我该上路了。,.语篇理解,答案：1.sailing2.survive3.spotted4.giving up5.brought6lost7.Walking8.bet9.hardworking10.letter,.单词突破1scene (n.)1)C, usually sing.(of sth)(尤指不愉快事件发生的)地点；现场The police soon appeared on the scene of the accident.警察很快出现于出事地点。2)C(of sth)事件；场面；情景The scene in the hospital was
4、 very moving.在医院的那一场面非常感人。,3)C景象；景色；风光The scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.观看太阳从东方慢慢升起，这种景色确实太美了。4)C 现场；片断；镜头The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment.电影开头的一场戏发生在纽约的一套公寓里。,5)C(戏剧或歌剧的) 场This play is divided into three acts, and each act has three scen
5、es.这个剧分为三幕，每一幕有三个场景。,【知识拓展】1)behind the scenes在后台；在幕后；秘密地；背地里John is president of the club, but behind the scenes Robert tells him what to do.约翰是俱乐部的主席，但在幕后操纵的是罗伯特。2)come on the scene出现；登场He came on the scene just when we needed him.在我们需要他的时候， 他出现了。3)on the scenepresent 在场Reporters were soon on the
6、scene after the accident.那事故发生后不久记者就都赶到了现场。,4)set the scene (for sth) 为做好准备(或铺平道路); 向介绍背景，事先介绍情况Radio reporters were in the church to set the scene.电台记者在教堂里做事前的现场介绍。,【词语辨析】scene, scenery, sight, viewscene, scenery, sight和view都有“景象”的含义1)scene指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，一般包括景物中的人及活动。如：The scene after th
7、e earthquake was horrible.地震后的场景十分可怕。2)scenery指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。如：The scenery as one travels by boat along the Changjiang Three Gorges is marvellous.坐船游览长江三峡的时候，两岸的风景美不胜收。,3)sight则既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，又可以指名胜、风景，只是在表示后者时，必须要用复数。如：a sad sight悲惨的场景；to see the historical sights of London游览伦敦的历史名胜古迹。它与vie
8、w或者scenery最大的不同就在于当sight指景物时，多指某地特有的名胜。4)view常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分，有时可与scene互换。如：The mountain hotel offered magnificent views.从山上的旅社可以看到壮丽的景观。The slides show the scene of the beach.幻灯片显示出海滩的景色。,【巧学助记】scene与它的同义词常出现在完形填空中，有时也出现在单项选择中。我们在复习中要记住它们各自的使用场合。以下几个方面希望同学们牢牢记住：(1)view虽然与scene，sight同义，但它常构成：h
9、ave/get a view of, there is a view of, offer a view of等固定搭配，也就是说，在这些短语中，一定要用view。(2)scene和scenery是易用错的两个词语，前者是可数名词，它表示的风景包含静态和动态的东西在内；scenery是不可数名词，它表示自然的、静的景色。(3)说到人造的景观时，常用sight。,【牛刀小试】(1)Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_people were
10、eaten by the tiger.Ain whichBby whichCwhich Dthat答案：A定语从句中先行词为scene，多用where或in which引导。,(2)(2010温州市省一级重点中学期末统测) Wed better not leave until the play ends, for the last_of the play is very important.Ascene Bsight Cscenery Dview答案：A考查名词的辨析。句意：我们最好等这场戏结束了再走，这场戏的最后一幕很重要。四个选项中，只有scene有“戏剧的一幕”之意。,2wandera)
11、vi.1)徘徊；闲逛；漫步；流浪He keeps wandering up and down the street.他在街上不停地来回闲逛。A man was found wandering over the countryside.人们发现有个人在乡间漫步。I just wandered around the mall for half an hour.我只是在商场里闲逛了半个小时。,2)注意力不集中；走神Im sorry. My mind was wandering. What did you say just now?对不起，我走神了。你刚才说什么？b)n.漫步；闲逛I went to
12、the park and had a wander around.我去公园转了一圈。,【知识拓展】1)wander in/through/around.闲逛，徘徊wander off(从应该逗留的地方)离开wander off/from偏离话题wander through/across/along蜿蜒曲折2)knock about/around闲逛，漫游hang out/around闲逛，漫游3)(近形)wonder vi.& vt.& n想知道；奇怪；奇迹,【牛刀小试】翻译句子(1)The child was found wandering the streets along._答案：那孩子
13、被发现独自在大街上瞎转。(2)Dont let your mind wander._答案：别让你的思想开小差。,Visitors are not permitted to take photographs.参观者请勿拍照。We do not permit smoking in the office.我们不允许在办公室里吸烟。The prisoners were permitted two hours exercise a day.犯人被允许每天有2个小时的活动时间。,2)使(某事)有可能性Ill come tomorrow, weather permitting.要是天气许可，我明天会来的。b
14、)n.许可证，通行证A permit is required for fishing in the canal.在运河中钓鱼要有许可证。,【词语辨析】allow，permit1)allow有“听任，默许”之意，有“并不禁止”的含义，词义较弱。2)permit比allow更正式一些，也比allow积极，含有“主动许可”和“正式批准”之意，词义较强。【巧学助记】The nurse allowed him to remain there, though it was not permitted.护士让他留在那里，虽然这是(规定)不允许的。,【牛刀小试】The teacher doesnt permi
15、t _in class.Asmoke Bto smokeCsmoking Dto have a smoke答案：C句意：这位教师不允许上课时抽烟。动词permit后接名词或动名词，因此，B和D可先排除；名词smoke表示“(一次)抽烟；抽的烟”，不合句意，也可排除。,4starea)v.(at sb/sth) 盯着看；凝视；注视They all stared with astonishment.他们全都惊讶地瞪着眼。In the West people think its rude to stare at a person.在西方，人们认为盯着看人是不礼貌的。,b)n.(尤指不友好或吃惊的)盯
16、；凝视；注视She gave him a long cool stare.她冷冷地久久地凝视着他。Famous people get used to the stares of the crowds.出了名的人习惯于人群的盯视。,【知识拓展】1)be staring sb in the face 明摆着；显而易见The book I was looking for was staring me in the face.我找的书其实就在我面前。2)stare out 向外凝视He was staring out over the fields.他目不转睛地看着外面的田野。,【词语辨析】glare
17、, stare, glance, gaze这些动词都有“看，瞧”之意。1)glare指用愤恨、凶狠或含敌意的眼光死死看着某人。They stood there, glaring at each other.他们站在那，互相怒视着对方。2)stare侧重因惊奇、好奇、粗鲁无礼等而睁大眼睛看。含有“惊奇”，“傲慢”或“茫然”的意思。He stared at the word trying to remember what it meant.他盯着这个单词，努力想记起它的意思。,3)glance指匆匆地或粗略地一看，侧重心不在焉地、匆忙地看一眼。He glanced at his watch and
18、 then looked at the sky.他看了看手表，然后又看了看天空。4)gaze指出于羡慕、感兴趣、关心或惊异而长时间目不转睛地看。含有“惊叹”，“羡慕”或“入迷”的意思。The child gazed at the toys in the shop window.孩子眼睛盯着商店橱窗里的玩具。,【牛刀小试】(1)He_the distance, but he_nothing.Anoticed; watched Blooked at; sawCwatched; see Dobserved; watched(2)No one can ran so fast, just_Jim go.
19、Astare BlookCwatch Dnotice(3)He_into the space, and just kept silence.Astared BwatchCobserved Dsaw,(4)Please_the blackboard, and_the drawing on it.Aobserve; see Blook at; observeCsee; watch Dobserve; watch答案：(1)B(2)C(3)A(4)B,5spota) n.1)斑点；点Shes wearing a white skirt with red spots.她穿着一条白底红点的裙子。2)污迹
20、；污渍；脏点His jacket was covered with spots of mud.他的上衣满是泥点。3)地点；场所；处所I dont know the exact spot where it happened.我不知道事情发生的确切地点。,b)v.看见；看出；注意到；发现Ive just spotted a mistake on the front cover.我刚才在封面上发现了一处错误。He spotted his friend in the crowd.他在人群中认出了他的朋友。,【知识拓展】1)on the spot当场；当下He was killed on the spo
21、t.他当场就死了。在现场Luckily there was a doctor on the spot. 幸运的是现场有一位医生。2)in a (tight)spot 处于困境Im in a bit of a spot financially.我经济上有点困难。,3)put sb on the spot (提出难题)使某人尴尬；使某人为难Youve put me on the spot hereI cant answer your question.这你可把我难住了你这个问题我答不上来。,【牛刀小试】单项填空(1)I cant_the difference between them.Aspot
22、BrealizeCrecognize Dnotice答案：A句意：我看不出他们的区别。spot“发现”。,(2)(2010温州市省一级重点中学期末统测) After entering the meeting hall, Mike_a friend and went over to greet him.Aknew Bsearched Cspotted Drealized答案：C考查动词。句意：进入会议大厅后，迈克认出了一个朋友，急忙前去打招呼。spot“发现，认出”符合句意。,6fault(n.)1)U(that.)/(for doing sth)责任；过错；过失It was his fault
23、 that we were late.我们迟到，责任在他。Its your own fault for being careless.你粗心大意是你自己的过失。,2)C弱点；缺点Hes proud of his children and blind to their faults.他为孩子们感到自豪，对他们的缺点视而不见。3)C缺陷；毛病；故障Theres a fault in the machine.这台机器有毛病了。,【知识拓展】find fault with挑剔；找岔at fault有责任,【词语辨析】fault，mistake，error，shortcoming1)fault侧重于由于
24、个人责任造成的错误，也可指机器产生的故障。2)mistake指错误的想法或见解，或由于无知或错误的判断而没有做对的事。如：Tom didnt make a single spelling mistake in his composition.汤姆在这篇作文里一个拼写错误也没有。,3)error比mistake要正式一些，指思想或行动背离正轨或没有得到正确指引而出现的偏差或错误。如：The accident was caused by human error.这次事故是人为过错造成的。4)shortcoming指自身固有的缺点、缺陷。如：In spite of all her shortcomi
25、ngs, I still think shes one of the best teachers in the school.尽管她有种种缺点，我还是认为她是这个学校最好的老师之一。,【牛刀小试】When I got home with the cassette recorder, it wouldnt work. I tried to find the_myself.Ashortcoming BfaultCerror Dmistake答案：Bfault“故障；过失”；shortcoming“缺点；短处”；error“错误，差错”；mistake“错误，误会”。,7accounta)n.1)账
26、户I have an account with a bank in London.我在伦敦的一家银行有户头。2)账目A shop keeper must keep accounts.店主必须记账。,3)赊销账；赊欠账；赊购Please put the price of the meat on my account.请你把肉钱记在我的账上。4)(使用互联网收发电子邮件等的)账户； 账号Ive already registered an email account on , which is Learner .我早已在新浪网上注册了一个电子邮件账号：Learner .,5)描述；叙述；报告He h
27、as given me an account of what happened.他对我讲述了事情的经过。b)v.认为是；视为The event was accounted a success.人们认为这次活动是成功的。In English law a person is accounted innocent until they are proved guilty.按英国法律，一个人未经证实有罪之前被视为无罪。,【知识拓展】1)account for sth解释；说明I can not account for his failure.我不能说明他为何失败。 是的说明(或原因)The poor
28、weather may have accounted for the small crowd.天气不好可能是人来得较少的原因。,2)account for sb/sth (尤指在事故之后)了解；查明All passengers have now been accounted for.现在所有乘客的情况均已查明。3)take account for sth|take sth into account 考虑到；顾及I am sorry Eric was rude, but you must take his headache into account.对不起，埃里克对您无礼，不过您得考虑到他当时头
29、疼。,4)on account of 由于；因为Were late on account of the bad traffic.我们迟到是因为交通拥挤。5)on no account决不On no account should the house be left unlocked.离开住宅时千万要锁门。,【牛刀小试】(1)(2010河北省邯郸市高一第二学期期末质检)Im sorry the traffic is so heavy.Does that_why you are so late?Acome across Bbelieve in Cfocus on Daccount for答案：D考查
30、动词短语。句意：“对不起，交通太挤了。”“这是导致你迟到的原因吗？”account for“导致，做出解释”；come across“遇到”；believe in“信任”；focus on“以为中心”。,(2)She gave the police a full_of the incident.Adescribe BaccountCnote Ddrawing答案：B句意：她向警察详细描述了事故的经过。(3)We must_every penny we spend during business trip.Aexplain BspendCstate Daccount for答案：D句意：我们出公
31、差所用的每一分钱都得报清楚。,(4)His illness_his absence.Ashowed Baccounts forCexplains Dgives out答案：B句意：他没来是因为他生病了。,8seek v(sought, sought)1)(for)sth/sb寻找They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter.他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。2)sth(from sb)(向人)请求；寻求She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.她设法使他静下来，然后向一位邻居
32、求助。3)to do sth设法；试图Local schools are seeking to reduce the dropout rate.当地学校在寻找办法降低辍学率。,【知识拓展】seek your fortune外出寻找发财机会；外出闯荡seek sb/sth out挑选出；物色【牛刀小试】I think its time we sought legal advice._答案：我想我们现在该咨询一下律师了。,9patience (n.)1)U(with sb/sth) 耐心；忍耐力His rudeness was beyond my patience. 他的粗暴使我无法忍受。He w
33、alked so slowly that his brother lost patience with him.他走得太慢，以至于他哥哥对他不耐烦了。I was out of patience with his carelessness.我对他的粗枝大叶简直无法容忍。,2)U毅力；坚韧；恒心I havent the patience to hear your complaints again.我没耐性再听你的抱怨。It takes time and patience to photograph wildlife.拍摄野生动物要肯花时间，还要有毅力。,【知识拓展】1)patienta)n. 病人
34、The patient is getting better.病人正在逐渐好转。 b)adj. 有耐心的；能忍耐的You must be very patient with her, as she has been ill for months.她病了好几个月了，你对她一定要非常耐心。,2)patiently adv. 耐心地She sat patiently waiting for her turn.她耐心地坐着等候轮到自己。,【牛刀小试】(1)I warn you, Im beginning to lose my_with you.Atemper BangerCpatience Dmind答
35、案：Close ones patience with“对失去耐心”。,(2)He is a_teacher, and he explains every problem to his students with great_.Apatiently; patience Bpatiently; patientCpatient; patience Dpatient; patient答案：C句意：他是一位很有耐心的老师，他很有耐心地向同学们讲解每一道题。(3)She always thought that he was a stupid boy, so he is always_patience wi
36、th him.Aout of BinCout Dof答案：Abe out of patience with“对没有耐心”。,.短语精讲1go ahead1)发生； 进行The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。Despite the bad weather the fete will go ahead. 尽管天气不好， 游乐会照常举行。,2)走在前面；先走Ill go ahead and tell them youre on the way.我要先走一步，告诉他们你在路上。You can go ahe
37、ad to the station and Ill see you there later.你可以先到车站去，我随后再到那里找你。,【知识拓展】1)go ahead(with sth)(尤指经某人允许，或有人表示怀疑或反对后)开始做，着手干May I start now?Yes, go ahead.“我现在可以开始吗？” “可以， 开始吧。”The government intends to go ahead with its privatization plans.政府拟推行私有化计划。,2)be ahead 领先，占优势The home team was ahead in the seco
38、nd period.主队在第二阶段的比赛中处于领先。Your company is ahead in developing the new technology.你们的公司在发展新科技方面处于领先地位。,3)ahead of在之前；超过，领先There was a river ahead of us.在我们前面有条河。Our company is ahead of other makers of spare parts for the airplane.我们公司制造飞机零部件比别家的业绩好。His ideas were ahead of his times.他的思想比他所在的那个时代先进得多。
39、,【牛刀小试】(1)(2009四川1)May I open the window to let in some fresh air?_ACome on！ BTake care!CGo ahead! DHold on!答案：C考查交际用语。come on“加油，加把劲”；take care“当心，小心”；go ahead“去吧！ (或说吧！)”；hold on“坚持”。由第一句话“我可以开窗让新鲜空气进来吗？”知，这是请求，所以回答go ahead，意思是“去吧！”。,(2)Bob, are you free at the moment? I have to ask you some quest
40、ions._.AIts a pleasure BAsk, pleaseCHelp yourself DYes, go ahead答案：D句意：“鲍勃，你现在有空吗？我不得不问你一些问题。”“好，问吧。”此句要用go ahead同意对方的请求。,(3)(2010巢湖市高一质检)Would you mind if I turned on the radio and listened to some music?_. In fact, I also like listening to music.AYes, I would. BNo, you cant CNo, go ahead DOK, no p
41、roblem答案：C考查交际用语。答语句意“不介意，打开收音机吧。事实上，我也很喜欢听点音乐。”,2by accident偶然；意外地I met her quite by accident.我遇见她完全是偶然。The pilot, whether by accident or design, made the plane do a sharp turn.不知是有意还是无意，那名飞行员让飞机来了个急转弯。,【知识拓展】1)by chance 意外地；偶然地；碰巧地They met by chance on a plane.他们在飞机上不期而遇。2)come across sb/sth(偶然)遇见
42、；碰见；发现I came across my old college roommate in town today.今天我在镇上遇到了我大学的老同学。3)run into sb 偶然遇见；碰到(某人)I ran into an old friend.我与一个老朋友不期而遇。,4)meet sb 相逢；遇见(某人)Did you meet anyone in town?你在城里碰见什么人了吗？5)on purpose故意；有意She seems to do these things on purpose.她似乎是有意地做这些事。 6)by design有意地He made that remark
43、 by design.他故意那样说。,【牛刀小试】Jenny, you shouldnt have shouted at Tom; he broke your MP4 only_.But I thought he did it_. He had said hed pay me back for my being rude to him at a party.Aat times; on timeBon mind; by heartCby accident; on purposeDby mistake; in particular,答案：C句意：“珍妮，你不应该朝汤姆大呼大叫的，他只是偶然弄坏你的
44、MP4的。”“我认为他是有意的，他曾说过他会因为我在一次宴会上对他不礼貌而报复我的。”at times“有时”；on time“准时”；on mind“挂牵”；by heart“熟记”；by accident“偶然”；on purpose“有意”；by mistake“错误地”；in particular“尤其是”。,3on the contrary正相反；恰恰相反Im not sick; on the contrary, Im in very good condition.我没有生病；与此相反，我健康极了。It wasnt a good thing; on the contrary it w
45、as a huge mistake.那不是件好事，恰恰相反，是个巨大的错误。,【知识拓展】contrary to与相反Contrary to popular belief, many cats dont like milk.与普遍的看法相反，许多猫并不喜欢牛奶。(1)on the contrary 意为“与此相反，恰恰相反”，说明与前面叙述事物相反的内容。(常作状语)to the contrary意为“相反的，相反地”，相当于形容词或副词的作用。(常作定语)quite the contrary恰恰相反，正相反On the contrary, it is fascinating. I love it.恰恰相反，那工作有意思极了，我很喜欢。,
