1、课标导航,主题导读,课标导航,主题导读,课标导航,主题导读,What is First Aid?First aid is the provision of immediate care to a victim with an injury or illness,usually given by a lay person(外行),and performed within a limited skill range.First aid is normally performed until the injury or illness is satisfactorily dealt with (su
2、ch as in the case of small cuts,minor bruises,and blisters) or until the next level of care,such as a doctor,arrives.,课标导航,主题导读,Guiding principlesThe key guiding principles and purposes of first aid are often given in the “3 Ps”.These three points govern all the actions undertaken by a first aider.
3、Prevent further injury Preserve life Promote recovery,课标导航,主题导读,LimitationsThe nature of first aid means that most people will only have a limited knowledge,and in emergency situations,first aiders are advised to FIRST seek professional help.This is done by calling,or assigning an able bystander to
4、call an emergency number,which is 9-1-1 in many places.There is no worldwide common emergency number.The European Union has established 1-1-2 as the universal emergency number for all its member states.In China,it is 1-2-0.In the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland,the numbers 999,112 and 911 all
5、 work in parallel.In emergency situations,it is important that the responder seek help by other means,if telephone contact is unavailable.,课标导航,主题导读,诱思探究 1.Do you think first aid is important?Why or why not?2.Have you ever given first aid to others?In what situations?,答案：Different students have diff
6、erent answers.,答案：Different students have different answers.,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,.词汇拓展1. adj.暂时的;临时的adv.暂时地;临时地答案：temporary;temporarily2. n.损伤;伤害vt.伤害;损害adj.受伤的答案：injury;injure;injured3.n.毒药;毒害vt.毒害;使中毒adj.有毒的答案：poison;poisonous4. adj.复杂的n.复杂性;难懂答案：complex;complexity5. n.变化;多样(化);多变(性)v.不同;改变adj.不同的;各式各样
7、的答案：variety;vary;various,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,6.n.辐射;射线 v.辐射;放射答案：radiation;radiate7. adj.轻微的;温和的;温柔的 adv.轻微地;稍微地答案：mild;mildly8.adj.肿胀的v.膨胀;肿胀答案：swollen;swell9.adj.难以忍受的;不能容忍的adj.能忍受的 vt.承受;忍受答案：unbearable;bearable;bear10.adj.至关重要的;生死攸关的adv.极其;十分答案：vital;vitally11.adj.潮湿的n.潮湿答案：damp;dampness,基础导练,文本感知,知识
8、精要,12. vi.firm,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,.短语互译1.生病答案：fall ill2. 担当;充当答案：act as3.各种各样的答案：a variety of4.触电;电休克答案：electric shock5.take off答案：脱下;起飞6.squeeze out答案：榨出;挤出,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,7.over and over again答案：反复;多次8.in place答案：在适当的位置;适当9.sit up答案：坐直;坐起来,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,.重点句型1.First aid is a temporary form of help gi
9、ven to someone who suddenly falls ill or before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予的一种暂时性的帮助。答案：gets injured2.Remove clothing using scissors it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。答案：if necessary unless,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,.篇章结构Fill in the blanks according to the text (3 wo
10、rds at most for each blank).,barrier,a variety/varieties of/various,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,Mild,electric shocks,swollen,damaged,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,First aid treatment,scissors,bandage,higher,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,.篇章信息Read the passage and choose the best answer.1.You can treat burns at home in all the following cases
11、EXCEPT that .A.the burned area is slightly swollenB.the burned area turns white when pressedC.you feel little or no pain after being burned because nerves are damagedD.you touched a hot pan for a second,答案：C,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,2.Which of the following can be used to treat burns?A.Cream.B.Peanut oil.C.Bu
12、tter.D.Wet cloths.3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A.Remove clothing from the burned area even if it is stuck to the burn.B.Burns are divided into three types according to the layers of the burnt skin.C.If you are burned on the face,you should lie down immediately.D.
13、Put icy water on any burn to stop the burning process.,答案：D,答案：B,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1.First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.(P33)急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予的一种暂时性的帮助。1)aid n.资助Thanks to your aid,I managed
14、to run the company.多亏了你的资助,我才办成了这家公司。The old woman walks with the aid of a stick.那位老妇人拄着拐杖走路。I cant speak any French,but a nice man came to my aid and told me how to go.我不会说法语,不过一个好心人帮了我的忙,告诉我怎么走。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes
15、 in the earthquake.我们正在集资以帮助那些在地震中失去家园的人。His teacher aided him in his English study.老师帮助他学习英语。On Sundays I usually aid my mother in doing housework.星期天我通常帮助妈妈做家务。with the aid of sb./with sb.s aid在某人的帮助下come to ones aid 来帮助某人in aid of. 为了帮助aid sb. in (doing) sth.在某方面帮助某人,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知
16、识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,2)fall ill 生病Then his father fell ill and died.后来他父亲生病死了。She fell ill with a high fever.她发高烧病倒了。His mother has been ill for a month.他母亲已经病了一个月了。(been ill不能用fallen ill代替)fall ill属于非延续性动词短语,一般不与表示一段时间的状语连用,当句中有表示一段时间的状语时,通常用be动词代替fall。若表示“因而病倒”或“患病”时,则常用介词with。,1,2
17、,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,fall behind 落后fall sick 生病fall asleep 入睡fall in love with. 爱上fall off 数量减少fall into the habit of. 养成的习惯fall over 跌倒;绊倒fall silent 沉默,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,3)get injured在这里含有被动含义,意为“受伤”。get在此失去了原有的词汇意义,而接近于be,但同“be+过去分词”相比,“get+过去分词”更强调动作的结果,体现动作性。(1)get burnt
18、/burned 烧伤/烫伤get broken 破碎get hurt 受伤get lost 迷路get paid 拿工资get killed 被杀死get married 结婚get drowned 被淹死get dressed 穿衣服get damaged 遭到破坏get separated 分散get caught in陷入/遭到(2)get sb.to do sth.让某人做某事get sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,
19、8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,2.Often the illness or injury is not serious,but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.(P33)通常情况下这些疾病或损伤都不太严重,但有些时候,给予紧急救助能挽救人的生命。1)when.lives为定语从句,修饰先行词
20、times。在该定语从句中,giving first aid为动词-ing短语做主语。2)injury n. 损伤;伤害Several bus passengers received serious injuries in the crash.在这次碰撞中公交车上有几位乘客受了重伤。What you said was an injury to her fame.你所说的话有损她的名声。What you said did an injury to their self-esteem.你说的话伤了他们的自尊心。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,be an inju
21、ry (injuries) to sb./sth. 对某人/某物来说是(一种)危害/损伤do sb. an injury(=do an injury to sb.) 伤害某人injured adj. 受伤的Two people have been seriously injured in a road accident.两个人在一次交通事故中受了重伤。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,助记 图解各种“伤”,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识
22、精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,3.You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease,poisons and the suns harmful rays.(P33)皮肤有三层,它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。poison n.毒药;毒害vt.毒害;使中毒Some mushrooms c
23、ontain a deadly poison.有些蘑菇含有致命毒素。Do you believe that TV is poisoning the minds of children?你认为电视在毒害孩子们的思想吗?These factories have poisoned the river with waste water.这些工厂用废水污染了这条河。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,poison sth.with sth. 用污染/伤害poisonous adj.有毒的;有害的This medicine is poisonous if taken in
24、large quantities.这种药大量服用是有害的。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,4.You can get burned by a variety of things:hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation(by being close to high heat or fire,etc),the sun,electricity or chemicals.(P34)你可能由于各种原因而烧伤:灼热
25、的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。 variety n. 变化,多样性(不可数);各种各样,种类,品种(可数)We all need variety in our diet.我们都需要饮食多样化。He left for a variety of reasons.他因种种原因而离开了。There are varieties of plants in the garden.花园里有各种各样的植物。Were going to grow a new variety of wheat this year.今年我们要种植一种新品种的小麦。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,
26、1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的various adj. 各种各样的vary v.不同,相异;变化Their hobbies are many and various.他们的业余爱好五花八门。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,5.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the
27、 burn.(P34)除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。1)unless是连词,在此意为“如果不,除非”。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,在真实条件句中,unless引导的肯定条件状语从句可以和if.not.引导的否定状语从句互换。unless 不可用于假想的事情,因此当if.not引导非真实条件状语从句时,一般不可改用unless。Unless you change your mind,I wont be able to help you.=If you dont change your mind,I wont be
28、able to help you.除非你改变想法,否则我不能帮助你。You should keep working unless I tell you to stop.=You should keep working if I dont tell you to stop.如果我没说让你停,你就得继续干。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,2)if necessary是一个省略句,相当于if it is necessary。If necessary,Ill go there myself.如果有必要的话,我将亲自去那儿一趟。if possible 如果有可能的话i
29、f any 如果有的话if so 如果这样的话if ever 如果曾经有过的话if not 如果不是的话Will you be free this Sunday?If so,lets go camping.这个周日你有空吗?如果有,我们去野营吧。Is anybody feeling cold?If not,let us open the window.有谁感到冷吗?没有的话,就让我们打开窗户吧!,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基
30、础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,6.For second degree burns,keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water,squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is no
31、t so bad.(P34)对于二度烧伤,要保持湿布清凉,需把湿布放回冷水盆中,拧出水后再放在烧伤面上,这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右,直到不太痛时为止。1)squeeze.out 挤出;榨出(水、汁等)He took off his wet clothes and squeezed the water out.他脱下湿衣服并把水挤出来。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,助记 图解squeeze一词多义,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,squeeze into 挤入squeeze through 挤过(勉强通过)squeeze
32、 (sb.) up (against sb./sth.) (使某人)(跟他人或某物)挤在一起;贴近There were already four people in the lift,but he managed to squeeze in.电梯里已经有4个人,但他还是挤了进去。 The poor children squeezed up against each other to warm themselves up.可怜的孩子们挤靠在一起,互相取暖。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,2)over and over (again) 反复;再三地 Ive wa
33、rned you over and over again.我已反复警告过你了。 Say the words over and over to yourself.把这些话自己重复几遍吧。 (all) over again (从头)再一次once again=once more 再一次again and again= over and over (again) =time and time again 再三地He did the work so badly that I had to do it all over again.他做得太差劲了,我只好重做一遍。Ill tell you how to
34、do it once again.我再一次告诉你怎么做。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,7.Hold the bandage in place with tape.(P35)用胶布把绷带固定。in place 在适当的位置;适当的She has a habit of having everything in place.她习惯把每件东西都放在适当的位置。Her d
35、ress was quite in place at the party.晚会上她的打扮非常得体。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,in ones place 在某人的位置上out of place 不合适的;不在适当的位置take place 发生in place of 代替take the place of 代替take ones place 代替;就位give place to. 让位给These clothes are out of place.Please put them away,Lucy.这些衣服摆乱了。露西,请把它们收起来。You can u
36、se a pencil in place of a pen.你可以用铅笔代替钢笔。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,8.If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.(P35)如果属于二度
37、或三度烧伤,就必须立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院。1)句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是to get the victim.at once。it经常用来代替不定式或从句,做形式主语或形式宾语。It is impossible to make him change his mind.让他改变主意是不可能的。It worried her a lot that her son didnt say much at home recently.近来她的儿子在家很少说话,这让她很担心。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,2)vital adj. 极其重要的;必不可少的;致命的
38、;生死攸关的The police perform a vital role in our society.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。The heart performs a vital function.心脏起着重要作用。 vital如果用于主语从句,即“It is vital that.”,此时主语从句必须使用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,should可以省略。类似的形容词还有essential,necessary,important,natural等。It is vital that you (should) keep calm in the face of danger
39、.面临危险时,最重要的是你要保持镇静。It is essential that you(should) be able to pronounce every single word correctly.你能正确发出每个单词的读音是很重要的。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,9.Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.(P35
40、)萨姆把水泡弄破,把冰箱里的冰水倒在皮肤上。pour vt.涌Why dont you pour yourself another drink?你为什么不给自己再倒一杯酒呢?Kim poured wine into the glasses.金姆把酒倒进玻璃杯。The crowd poured out of the concert hall.人群从音乐厅里涌出来。Liam poured out his feelings of loneliness to Laura.利亚姆向劳拉倾诉了自己的孤独感。,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,pour.into.朝里面倒pour into/out of涌进/涌出pour out sth.to sb.向某人倾诉某事,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,基础导练,文本感知,知识精要,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,
