1、Unit 2 Working the landGrammar,I. Warming Up,Have you ever seen these signs?,Parking, spitting, littering, smoking,-ing forms,II. Discovering,Find and underline the sentences in the passage that use ing forms. Example: Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. (paragraph 2),
2、Discovering,2. Choose the sentences that use ing forms either as the subject or the object.,As the subjectSince then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.,As the object,III. As the subject,1. What have you discovered? Compare the ing form with a noun and a verb.,V + -ing form,It ca
3、n have its own object or/and adverbial.,It can be used as the subject.,As the subject,1) To him, swimming is much fun.2) Walking in step is not easy.3) Its no use complaining.4) Its no good worrying about it.5) Its difficult finding your way around here?6) Would you mind my opening the window?7) Not
4、 having been trained as a dancer is my one regret.,2. Look at these sentences and explore more.,As the subject,3. Do Exercise 2 on page 13.,IV. As the object,1) As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.2) Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expand
5、ing the area of the fields.3) He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.4) Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.,Read the sentences from the text and try to find some rules.,It can be used as the object b
6、oth of verb and preposition.,As the object,2. Look at the following sentences. What have you found? 1) He suggested doing it in a different way. 2) The president tried to avoid answering the reporters questions. 3) I admit having read your letter. 4) Mom agreed to lend me some money. 5) Jack pretend
7、ed not to see me when he passed. 6) My friend offered to help when I was in trouble.,As the object,Verbs with ing form as their object:,admit, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, complete, consider, delay, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, postpone, practise, quit, suggest, stop,
8、 cant stand, cant help, be worth,Verbs with the infinitive as their object:,afford, agree, arrange, choose, decide, hope, expect, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, seem,As the object,3. Compare the three pairs of sentences. I forgot mailing your letter.
9、 I forgot to mail your letter. Being early may means wasting time. You really mean to go? He tried working out the problem another way. He tried to open the back door with the key.,Different meanings,As the object,Other verbsremember, regret, need, want, go on, etc.You need to take more exercise.The
10、 batteries in that toy need changing.The teacher went on to talk about ing form after a short break.The headteacher went on talking for one hour.,As the object,4. Compare the three pairs of sentences. Id like to have a cup of coffee. I like reading novels very much. I prefer to take the next train.
11、I prefer going to work by bus. Oh, I hate to leave you tomorrow. I hate lying and cheating.,Slightly different meaning,A future action,A general case,As the object,5. Compare the three pairs of sentences. It has started to snow. It has started snowing. The band began to play. The band began playing.
12、 They continued to meet regularly. They continued meeting regularly.,Same meaning,As the object,6. Do Exercise 4 on page 13.,V. Summary,-ing form-ing form as the subject -ing form as the object,Summary,Fill in the blanks with the verbs given in their proper form. I used to like to go to our local ci
13、nema. It was old and rather uncomfortable, but it had character. Now theyve stopped _ (show) films there. The owner would have liked to go on _ (run) the cinema, but to do that he needed _ (make) a lot of improvements, which meant _ (spend) tens of thousands of pounds. I remember _ (watch) the last
14、film at the cinema. It was a murder mystery. Five minutes from the end, when we were trying _(work) out who the murderer was when all the lights suddenly went out and the film stopped. We sat in the dark for a few minutes, and then the owner appeared with a torch. “I regret _ (tell) you,” he said, “
15、that weve had a power cut. Im sorry _ (disappoint) you, but Im afraid we cant show you the end of the film. Weve tried _ (phone) the electricity company, but they say they cant help.” He went on _ (explain) how the film ended. Despite this, I dont regret _ (go) to the cinema on its last evening.,sho
16、wing,running,to make,spending,watching,to work,to tell,to disappoint,phoning,to explain,going,VI. Homework,Do Exercises 1 and 2 on page 50.Read the following quotations and proverbs. Then underline the -ing form used as subject or object. Try to translate them into Chinese.,Homework,1) Constant drip
17、ping wears away a stone. 2) Saying and doing are two different things.3) Writing is nothing more than a guided dream. 4) Doing is better than saying.5) There are three rules for writing the novel. Unfortunately, no one knows what they are. 6) Writing a book of poetry is like dropping a rose petal do
18、wn the Grand Canyon and waiting for the echo. 7) Writing ought to be like running through a field. 8) Doing easily what others find difficult is talent; doing what others think is impossible is genius. 9) Learning makes a good man better, and an ill man worse.10) He who is ashamed of being curious is ashamed of learning.,
