1、一、重点单词熟记1_ n条；棒；条状物2_ n&vt.损失；损害3_ vt.使惊吓；吓唬_ adj.受惊的；受恐吓的_ adj.令人恐惧的,Section Learning about Language,bar,damage,frighten,frightened,frightening,二、重点短语探究1_ the top of在顶部2refer _指的是；提及3wake _叫醒4put _搭起,at,to,up,up,三、教材佳句背诵1It was a _ night.那是一个令人恐惧的夜晚。2Workers built shelters for survivors _ homes had
2、 been destroyed.援救人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。,frightening,whose,1give out(1)vt.发出；散发(光、热、声音、气体等)The flowers gave out a sweet smell.这些花散发出一种香甜的气味。(2)vt.分发；发布；公布You had no right to give my telephone number out.你无权公布我的电话号码。(3)vi.用完；耗尽；精疲力竭Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.赶了很长一段路之后，人困马乏。
3、,give away送掉；捐赠；赠送；泄露give back返还；归还；恢复give in让步；屈服；投降；交上give off发出(气味、光、热、声等)give up放弃；戒掉；交出；让出,【即境活用】完成句子老师把试卷发给学生。The teacher _ the examination papers to the pupils.我们的盐快用完了。你最好去买点回来。Our salt is _.Youd better go and buy some.我认为我们没有必要让步。I dont think its necessary for us _.,gave out,giving out,to g
4、ive in,2damage n& vt.损失；损害【搭配】cause/do damage to对造成损害；损害pay the damage赔偿损失damage ones reputation毁坏名誉,My wife had an accident and damaged the bike.我的妻子遇到意外事故，把自行车弄坏了。The crops were badly damaged by the storm.庄稼受到风暴的严重损害。Eating too much meat one time will cause damage to your stomach.一次吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害。
5、点津：damage“损害”，意味着遭到“损害”后，价值或效率降低，且一般是部分性的。,【即境活用】Typhoon Megi has caused great _ to the Philippines recently.Adamage Bruin Cdestruction Dwould解析句意：台风“鲇鱼”最近给菲律宾造成了巨大损失。damage意为损失，符合题意，故选A。答案A,3frightening adj.令人恐惧的frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬(教材原句)It was a frightening night.(P28)这是一个骇人的夜
6、晚。【搭配】be frightened of sth/to do害怕be frightened at/by.因害怕frighten sb into sth/doing sth把某人吓得做某事,The man was too frightened to stand up.那个人害怕得站不起来。The little baby was frightened by the fierce dog.那个小孩被恶狗吓坏了。Sorry，I didnt mean to frighten you.对不起，我没有要吓唬你的意思。He is frightened of thunder.他害怕打雷。frightenin
7、g表示主动“令人恐惧的”，frightened表示被动“受恐吓的”。,【导图助记】,frightened,The huge bird frightened the little cat on purpose，whose frightening threat made the cat frightened.这只巨鸟故意恐吓小猫，猫被这种令它恐惧的威胁吓坏了。,【即境活用】The little girl was _ by the _ film.Afrightened；frightening Bfrightening；frightenedCfrightened；frightened Dfrighte
8、ning；frightening解析句意：小女孩被那吓人的电影吓坏了。frightened“害怕的”；frightening“令人害怕的”。答案A,定语从句()【导图助记】,(一)定义在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。As a general rule, the most successful man in life is the man who has the best information.一般说来，生活中最成功的人是获得最佳信息的人。,(二)分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系是否密切，它可被分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句是句中不
9、可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这个从句，不影响主句意思的完整，主句和从句之间一般用逗号分开。Were going to do something thats never been done before.我们要做以前从未做过的事。(限制性定语从句)I have lost the pen, which I like very much.我丢了那支钢笔，我非常喜欢它。(非限制性定语从句),(三)关系代词1引导限制性定语从句的关系代词,The doctor whom/that you are looking for is in the r
10、oom.你正找的那位医生在房间里。(指人，作宾语)A man who/that is perfectly pleased with the present state of things is a failure.完全满足于现状的人是个失败者。(指人，作主语)Do you know the man whose name is Wang Bing?你知道那个叫王兵的人吗？(指人，作定语)The building which/that stands near the river is our school.河边矗立的那座建筑物是我们的学校。(指物，作主语),Is this the book whi
11、ch/that she was looking for?这是她正在找的那本书吗？(指物，作宾语)The building whose windows face south was built last year.那栋窗户朝南的楼房是去年建的。(指物，作定语)注意：whom, which作介词的宾语时，介词一般可放在whom/which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。,The room in which there is a machine is the workshop.有机器的那间房是车间。This is the person whom y
12、ou are looking for.这是你正在找的那个人。,2引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词,I have two sisters, who are both students.我有两个姐姐，她们都是学生。(指人，作主语)She is a lovely girl, whom we all like.她是一个我们都喜欢的可爱的女孩。(指人，作宾语)His new house, which is situated at the foot of the hill, is very big.他的新房子坐落在山脚下，很大。(指物，作主语),【归纳拓展】(1)引导非限制性定语从句时，绝对不能用that。
13、(2)as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：as有“正如，正像”之意，which没有。as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前、中、后，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面。As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.众所周知，他是我们班里最好的学生。He passed the final exam, which made us happy.他通过了期末考试，这让我们很高兴。,(3)as可在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和状语，构成the same.as，such.as等结构。I want to have
14、such a dictionary as he has.我想要一本像他那样的字典。(4)由as构成的常用插入语有：as is said above综上所述；as already mentioned above正如已经阐述到的；as was expected正如预料的那样；as we all know众所周知；as is reported in the newspaper正如报纸所报道的那样；as we can see正如我们所看到的；as is natural.是自然而然的；as is often the case.总是这样的。,3指物时只用that不用which的情况当先行词是不定代词eve
15、rything, anything, nothing, all, none等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, few等代词修饰时，关系代词一般用that。当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。当先行词被序数词修饰时，关系代词一般用that。当先行词表示“正是的”，由the very, the only修饰时，关系代词一般用that。当先行词为人与动物或人与物时，关系代词一般用that。当先行词前面有who，which等疑问代词时，关系代词一般用that。,4指物时只用which不用that的情况引导非限制性定语从句时，只有which。当关系代词前使用介词时，只用which。先行词本
16、身是that，或一个句子同时有两个定语从句，其中一个是由that引导时，另一个用which，以免重复。,知能精练.单项填空1That evening，_ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late.(2012全国，8)Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen解析句意：那天晚上，我工作到很晚，我以后会告诉你更多相关的情况。which I will tell you more about later是非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作about的宾语，代指that evening。答案B,2By 16：30
17、，_ was almost closing time，nearly all the paintings had been sold.(2012江西，28)Awhich Bwhen Cwhat Dthat解析句意：到下午四点半，差不多营业时间结束的时候，几乎所有的画都已经卖光了。先行词是16：30，并且在从句中充当主语，故用关系代词which引导该非限制性定语从句。答案A,3When deeply absorbed in work，_ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.(2012北京，26)Athat Bwhich
18、 Cwhere Dwhen解析句意：他经常全神贯注地工作，每当这个时候，他就会完全忘记吃饭或睡觉。which he often was是由which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作was的表语。答案B,4It is the third time that she has won the race，_ has surprised us all.(2012陕西，14)Athat Bwhere Cwhich Dwhat解析句意：她第三次赢得比赛，这让我们很吃惊。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的内容。答案C,5The prize will go to the writer _
19、story shows the most imagination.(2011新课标，31)Athat Bwhich Cwhose Dwhat解析句意：奖品将发给故事最能展示其想像力的作者。whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，修饰story; whose story相当于the story of whom。答案C,6The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other.(2011山东，32)Athey Bwhere Cwhat Dthat解析句意：这座老城镇拥有狭窄的街道和坐落在一起的
20、矮小的房子。先行词为small houses, that代替先行词，引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语。答案D,7Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _of course, made all the others upset.(2011北京，26)Awho Bwhich Cwhat Dthat解析句意：玛丽对杰克要比对其他人好，这当然令其他人不快。本题为非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个主句的意思，故B项正确。答案B,8Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all
21、of _she spoke fluently.(2011湖南，25)Awho Bwhom Cwhich Dthat解析句意：朱莉擅长德语、法语和俄语，并且说得都很流利。此处由“代词of关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词German, French and Russian。答案C,.翻译句子1昨天我买了一本和你有的词典一样的词典。_2上周他买了一所房子，窗户是由木头做成的。_3我将永远记住史密斯先生上的第一节课。_,I bought the same dictionary as you have yesterday.,He bought a house last week whose window is made of wood.,I will always remember the first lesson that was given by,Mr. Smith.,4那些给我们带来快乐的人应该受到我们的关爱。_5他改变了主意，这使我很生气。_,Those people who bring us happiness should be loved.,He changed his mind，which made me very angry.,
