1、成才之路 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版 选修7 （通用本）,Sharing,Unit 4,Section Using Language,1.1.1集合的概念,Unit 4,.词汇过关(一)根据英文释义及首字母提示写出单词1a_ a person who travels in a spacecraft2a_ yearly return of the date of an event, celebration of this3s_ part of a plant from which a new plant of the same kind can grow4c_ to make
2、a slight short sound5c_ private or specialized hospital,astronaut,anniversary,seed,click,clinic,(二)根据词性和汉语意思写出单词6_vt.捐赠_n捐献；捐赠_n捐赠者7_adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的_n志愿者8_n公牛_(pl.)9_adj.政治的；政党的_n政治,donate,donation,donator,voluntary,volunteer,ox,oxen,political,politics,10_vt.分配；分类_n分配；分发；分布状态11_vi.工作；运转vt.操作_n操作；手术1
3、2_vt.& n买；购买_n买方；购买者13_n完全；保护；保障_adj.安全的；可靠的,distribute,distribution,operate,operation,purchase,purchaser,security,secure,.短语自查1fall in love with_2come to an end_3have knowledge of_4do some research on_5bring hope to_6在困难中，在危急中_7挨饿_8自给自足_9数目上；总共_10照看，照顾；喜欢_,爱上结束了解研究为带来希望in needgo hungryprovide for o
4、neselfin numbercare for,.经典句式1The gift_ _is not something _ _ _ _but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people _ _ _ _.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。,2When you _ an item, we will send you an attractive card for you _ _ _ _ _ _.你选购一项礼物时，我们将送你一张精美的卡片，让你送给你的某个特殊的人。答案：1.you give; yo
5、ur loved one keeps; who really need it2purchase; to send to your special person,.语篇理解Read the text and then choose the best answers.1What is the most expensive gift in the list?AA well and water pump.BTwenty tree seedlings.CA truck library.DSchool books.,2When you want to give child vaccinations aga
6、inst 6 killer diseases, you must send _.A$50B$20C$8D$853The purpose of the Internet Page is to _.Alet people give an unusual gift to the poorBlet people get an unusual cardClet people learn something usefulDlet people make money,4You can use the card for the following occasions except _.Aanniversari
7、esBbirthdaysCburialsDweddings5Where can you probably read the article?AIn the newspaper.BIn the magazine.COn TV.DOn the Internet.答案：15ABACD,1.donate vt.捐赠The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.这个商人捐给医院很多钱。She donated her books to the library.她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。,知识拓展donate sth. to sb./sth.向
8、某人/事捐献某物donation n捐献，捐赠；捐款give/make/present a donation to.捐赠给send a donation to.把捐款寄至donator n捐赠者，赠送者contribute sth. to.向捐献某物,活学活用(1)用donate的相关介词或正确形式填空The Hope Project_which everyone at work donates a days pay is significant.Almost a third of the best seats are set aside for members, who have made
9、_to the opera.The activity of charity_is due at 8 tomorrow morning.The_refused to tell his name after_a large sum of money.答案：todonationsdonationdonator; donating,(2)The man who is seriously ill has decided to _ his body to the research agency after his death.He is great.AcontributeBdonateCadoptDdis
10、tribute答案：B考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位病重的人决定在他死后把遗体捐赠给研究机构。他太伟大了。contribute“贡献”；donate“捐赠”；adopt“收养”；distribute“分发”。,2voluntary adj.自愿的，志愿的，无偿的She is a voluntary helper.她是自愿帮忙的。知识拓展be voluntary to do sth.自愿做volunteer n志愿者v自愿；志愿做voluntarily adv.自愿地The doctor was voluntary to settle down in the poor village.这位医生自愿
11、在这个穷村安家落户。,活学活用(1)汉译英她从事义务社会工作。_答案：She does voluntary social work.,(2)The great painter made a promise that he would _give his paintings to the government.AexactlyBvoluntarilyCactuallyDgradually答案：Bvoluntarily“自动地，自愿地”。句意为“那位著名画家许诺他将把他的画捐赠给政府”。B项符合题意。exactly“确实如此，正是，确切地”；actually“实际上，事实上”；gradually“
12、逐渐地，逐步地”。,3purchase vt.& n买；购买I have some purchases to make in town.我要去城里买些东西。They began to regret the purchase of such a large house.他们开始后悔买了这么大的一所房子。,知识拓展make a purchase买东西purchase sth. from sb.向某人购买某物purchasing power购买力purchase and sale买卖purchase price买价make a purchase采购on special purchase特价购买pur
13、chase sth.(from sb.)(向某人)购买某物purchasing n购买，采购purchaser n购买人，采购人员，买主,提示：purchase可作动词，指“购买，努力取得，换得”；也可作名词，指“购买；购得物”。purchase比buy正式。,活学活用(1)补全句子她在服装店买了几样东西。She _ _ _ in the dress shop.他们在乡村已经买了一栋新房子。They _ _ _ _ _ in the countryside.答案：made several purchaseshave purchased a new house,(2)Customers actu
14、ally vote for products and companies when they make a _.ApersuasionBchaseCpurchaseDbargain答案：C句意：消费者购买商品实质上是在给不同的产品和企业投票。purchase“买；购买”，符合题意。persuasion“说服；信仰”；chase“追逐”；bargain“讨价还价；廉价品”。,4anniversary n周年纪念(日)It is the 30th anniversary of our school today.今天是我们学校建校30周年纪念日。They are going to celebrate
15、 their wedding anniversary at the seaside.他们要在海边庆祝结婚纪念日。,比较网站anniversary与memoryHe made an important speech on the anniversary of Dr Sun Yatsens birth.在孙中山诞辰纪念日上，他做了一次重要演讲。I have happy memories of my school.我对我们学校有着幸福的回忆。,活学活用In memory of Qu Yuan, dragonboat races are held on the_of his death.Aprinci
16、pleBanniversaryCguidanceDmemory答案：B介词on后接某一天，anniversary“周年纪念(日)”，句意为“为了纪念屈原，在他的祭日举行龙舟竞赛”。principle“法则，原则，原理”；guidance“指导，领导”；memory“记忆”。由此可知，B项符合题意。,5distribution n分配；分发；分布状态The map shows the distribution of this species across the world.地图上标明了这一物种在世界上的分布情况。They arent satisfied with the unfair dist
17、ribution of wealth.他们对财富分配不公不满意。,知识拓展distribute vt.分配；分发distribute sth. to/among把某物分给/发给This paper is distributed free.这份报纸免费发放。The money was distributed among the schools in this area.这笔钱在这个地区的学校中分配。,比较网站distribute与divideHe divided the watermelon into 10 parts and distributed them to 10 children.他把
18、这个西瓜切成10份，并把它们分给了10个孩子。,图解助记distribution,活学活用(1)用distribute的正确形式填空。The _ of prize should be based on equality.The teacher _ the new books _ the pupils.答案：distributiondistributed; to,(2)In face of flu, many cities _ makes to the passersby in the streets.ArefundedBdistributedCpurchasedDaccumulated答案：B
19、句意：面对流感，很多城市在街上向过往路人发放口罩。refund“退款，赔偿”；distribute“分配，分发”；purchase“购买”；accumulate“积累，积聚”。,6operate vi.工作；运转vt.操作His company operates in several countries.他的公司在几个国家有业务活动。What skills are needed to operate this machine?操作这台机器需要什么技能？Can you operate a sewing machine?你会使用缝纫机吗？The medicine operated quickly.
20、这药很快就起作用了。,知识拓展operator n操作人员；电话员operation nC手术U操作bring/put into operation实施，使生效，使运行come/go into operation开始运转，开始生效The new power station has already come into operation.这个新的发电站已经开始运转。The young doctor performed the heart operation.这位年轻医生为病人做了心脏手术。The law will be put into operation next month.这部法律下月开始
21、生效。,图解助记一词多义的operate,活学活用(1)补全句子He asked me _ _ _ _ _ _ _(我以前是否接受过手术)The machine _ _ _ _(运转不灵)Their new schedule _ _ _(开始实施) on July 1 last year.答案：if I had been operated on beforedoes not operate wellcame into operation,(2)The doctor will operate on her heart.(同义句转换)The doctor will _ _ _ _ her hear
22、t.答案：perform an operation on,in need在困难中；在危急中Please call the police when you are in need.有困难请找警察。in need of需要某物Im in need of some fresh air.我需要一些新鲜的空气。,注意：in need表示在危急中in need of指需要某物We collected money for those people in need in earthquakestricken areas who were in need of lots of tents.我们筹集资金帮助地震灾
23、区的灾民，他们需要大量帐蓬。,知识拓展be in need of sth.需要at ones need在某人困难时satisfy/meet ones need满足某人需要There is no need to do sth.没必要做某事。As we all know, everyone in the world has the need for affection.我们都知道，每个人都需要爱。He gave me help at my need.他在我困难时给予我帮助。,活学活用(1)This organization can provide assistance to people_.Ain
24、 particularBin the distanceCin needDat a time答案：Cin need为固定搭配，意思是“在困难中，在危急中”。句意为“这个组织能够向贫困者提供帮助”。C项符合题意。in particular“尤其，特别”；in the distance“在远处”；at a time“依次，逐一，每次”。,(2)Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students_financial aid.Ain favor ofBin honor ofCin face ofDin need of答案：Din fa
25、vor of“赞同，有利于”，in honor of“纪念，为了表示对的敬意”，in face of“面对”，in need of“需要”。根据句意“很多中国的大学为需要经济援助的学生提供奖学金”，选D项。,1.She was dying to see him again but what if he didnt want to see her?她急切地想再见到他，但如果他不想见她，那该怎么办？What if.？是惯用语，意思是：What will happen if.？如果会怎么样？What if we move the picture over there? Do you think it
26、 will look better?我们把画移到那儿怎么样？你看会不会好看一点？,知识拓展(1)What. for？为什么目的？What is this tool for？这个工具是干什么用的？What did you do that for？Why did you do that?你为什么那么做？(2)So what？那有什么了不起？那又怎样？I hear you have just got a new car.我听说你刚买了一辆新车。Yes, so what?是的，那有什么了不起？,活学活用(1)补全句子。万一发生暴风雨怎么办？What if _ _ _ _ _？星期天洗车怎么样？_ _
27、_ _ _ on Sunday?答案：a storm should come upWhat about washing the car,(2)Linda didnt invite us to the party._？ I dont care.AFor whatBSo whatCWhats onDWhats up答案：B考查情景交际。句意：琳达没有邀请我们去参加聚会。那又怎么样呢？我不在乎。So what？“那又怎么样呢？”For what？“为什么？”Whats on？“演什么节目？”Whats up？“出什么事了？”根据句意可知选B项。,2The gift you give is not s
28、omething your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。,本句中not.but.连接两个平行成分，意思是“不是，而是”。you give是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰gift; your loved one keeps是省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰something; who really need it是定语从句，修饰peo
29、ple。句中not.but.连接两个表语。注意当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则。如：Im not a student but a teacher.我不是学生而是老师。He does not work but play all day.他整天不学习只是玩耍。,提示：not only.but(also), either.or., neither.nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就近一致”原则确定。as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就前一致”原则确定。Not he but you are wanted on the telephone.电话找的是你不是他。Rose
30、as well as her friends was invited to Anns twentieth birthday party.罗斯和她的朋友应邀参加安二十岁的生日晚宴。,活学活用(1)翻译句子。It is not who is right but what is right that is important._不是我而是她去过那儿。_答案：重要的不是谁对而是什么对。Not I but she has been there.,(2)Not the teacher but the students _ fond of watching football games.AdoBdoesCi
31、sDare答案：D考查谓语动词。句意：不是老师而是学生们喜爱看足球比赛 。not. but.连接两个名词作主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则；be fond of“喜爱”，固定搭配。,3Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sickness and health, between families going hungry and families providing for themselves.仅仅提高20%的产量，就意味着会让很多人远离疾病，拥有健康，让许多家庭不再忍受饥饿的折磨，能够自力更生。,本句是一个简单句，现在分词短
32、语going hungry和providing for themselves均作定语修饰其前的名词families。英语中现在分词和动名词都可以用作定语，但现在分词作定语时，是它所修饰的名词所发出的动作，和此名词之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句；而动名词作定语时，是用来说明其所修饰的名词的功能、性质、作用等，相当于一个“for”短语。如：(1)a swimming fisha fish which is swimming(现在分词)一条游泳的鱼a swimming poola pool for swimming(动名词)一个游泳池,(2)a walking mana man who
33、is walking(现在分词)一个正在行走的人a walking sticka stick for walking(动名词)一根拐杖(3)a sleeping cata cat which is sleeping(现在分词)一只睡觉的猫a sleeping cara car for sleeping(动名词)一节卧车车厢,(4)a writing girla girl who is writing(现在分词)一个在写字的女孩some writing papersome paper for writing(动名词)一些书写纸(5)a standing treea tree which stan
34、ds(there)(现在分词)一棵参天大树standing roomroom for standing(动名词)立足之地,活学活用(1)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket_the desert.AcoveringBcoveredCcoverDto cover答案：A现在分词短语covering the desert作后置定语，cover与soft orange blanket为逻辑上的主谓关系，cover意为“遮盖”。,(2)The picture_on the wall is painted by my nephew.Ahav
35、ing hungBhangingChangsDbeing hung答案：B考查现在分词作定语。句意：墙上挂的那幅画是我侄子画的。解题关键在于分析picture与hang之间的逻辑关系。,4They are easy and fun for children to care for.孩子们照看它们既轻松又有趣。此句型属于“sb./sth.beadj./n.(for sb.)to do”结构，其中不定式与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，这时不定式要符合两个条件：(1)主动形式表示被动意义；(2)其中的动词须为及物动词，若为不及物动词，须加相应的介词。The book is difficult(f
36、or me) to understand.这本书(对我来说)很难懂。The car is very comfortable to ride in.这种车很好坐。,知识拓展该结构中的形容词须是表示主语的特征或性质的形容词，常见的词有interesting，easy，difficult，nice，good，expensive，cheap，heavy，light，important，impossible，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，fit等。,活学活用完成句子。(1)好的小说读起来有意思。Good novels are interesting _ _.(2
37、)这个难题对我们来说很难处理。The problem was very hard _ _ _ _ _.答案：(1)to read(2)for us to deal with,如何描写人物写作指导人物描写包括人物的外部特征、性格特征、思想状态、行为语言等方面，用于表现人物的精神面貌、揭露人物的内心活动、提示人物的性格变化，以突出作品的主题思想。此类写作要求抓住人物特征的具体细节进行描写，分清主次，可以采用先总体、后局部的描述顺序。即先总体介绍此人所具有的特点，然后对其局部的一些细节进行介绍，最后可以再作一些总结。另外，对于有些人物描写，我们也可以根据时间或事件发生的先后顺序进行介绍。,具体的写作
38、技巧如下：(1)选好描写的角度。必须考虑好站在第几人称的角度上写和从哪一点着手写。(2)详略得当地描述。要能够抓住人物特点，按要求对人物进行描写，并要注意详略得当。(3)准确生动地描述。描写人物时还要注意语言的准确生动性，可以灵活地使用一些主动句、被动句和with的复合结构以及从句等句式。同时，也要注意准确地使用一些动词、名词、形容词、副词以及介词词组等。,经典句式(1)介绍人物的姓名、出身She was born in Beijing On Oct. 12th, 1986.She was a great woman with the name of.She was born to/into
39、a poor/rich family.(2)介绍家庭背景His/Her family was so poor that.His/Her father was very strict with him/her.,(3)介绍教育背景She was admitted to a famous university.She graduated from the Chinese Department of Beijing University.When at college, he majored in math.(4)介绍人物喜好He is interested in/is fond of/is cra
40、zy about music.His favorite sport is playing basketball.,(5)介绍人物生活态度He works hard at/devotes his lifetime/himself to achieving his life goal.He made up his mind to do the job well.He tried his best to help others.(6)评价人物His hard work brought him great success.He set a good example to us.He was honor
41、ed as a model worker.He made great contributions to our country.,话题导入你们学校的英语报最近开展了一次题为“My Favorite Teacher”的征文比赛。你计划报名参加，写作对象是你的英语老师Mr Green，因为他上课生动有趣，而且善于启发大家的思维，博得了同学们的喜爱。请你根据下列要点写一篇关于他的文章，参加比赛：1简要地描述他的外貌；2喜欢他的原因。注意：词数120左右。参考词汇：激发motivate。_,参考范文My Favorite TeacherOur English teacher Mr Green，only
42、 several years older than us，is a really special teacher.,He is very tall and has a beard, which makes him look serious. In fact, he is very kind and humorous. He seems born able to make his class full of laughter all the time, which explains why he is also called Magician. For example, during the c
43、lass, he always has ways of giving us surprise, such as making a joke or singing a song and so on. So what he teaches comes natural to us. Whats more，he can easily cheer up one in low spirits. I used to be poor in English，but with the help of Mr Green I have made much progress and caught up with the
44、 class.,He has been regarded as our friend we can turn to when we are in difficulty. Mr Green is indeed a good teacher to all of us.,名师点评文章首先确定了写作的时态一般现在时。此处是个非限制性定语从句，它的使用丰富了文章的句式结构。文章最大的特色是句与句之间的连贯性，这得益于副词或连词的合理使用，如in fact，for example，whats more等。此句是个高级的复杂句型。which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中还包括一个由why引导的宾语从句。文章的结尾紧紧围绕着主题，简单明了地对人物做出了评价。,
