1、成才之路 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版 选修8(十二省区),Pygmalion,Unit 4,Section Warming up; Prereading, Reading & Comprehending,Unit 4,.词汇过关1音意记忆。(1)_(n.)情节；阴谋(2)_(vi.)吹口哨；发出汽笛声；(n.)口哨声； 汽笛声(3)_(n.)皮夹； 钱包(4)_(adj.)光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的,plotwhistlewalletbrilliant,(5)_(vt.)把分类；把归类(6)_(n)谈论；言论；评述(vt.& vi)谈论；评论；说起(7)_(vt.)谴责；
2、使注定(8)_(n.)身份；地位；职位,classifyremarkcondemnstatus,2形意记忆。(1)adapt (vt.)改编；使适应_ (n.)适应(性)；改编本(2)wool (n.)毛线；绒线_ (adj.) 毛纺的；纯毛的(3)uncomfortable (adj.) 不舒服的；不安的；不自在的_ (adv.)不舒服地；不自在地,adaptation,wool(l)en,uncomfortably,(4)hesitate (vi.) 犹豫；踌躇_(n.)踌躇(5)trouble (n.)麻烦_ (adj.)带来麻烦的；使人心烦的(6)proper (adj.)适当的；恰当
3、的_ (adv.)适当地；恰当地(7)mistake (n.) 错误_ (adj.)(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的,hesitation,troublesome,properly,mistaken,.短语自查1(把某人)改变或冒充成_2结识；与相见_3一般来说_4就来说；从角度_5in all directions_6hand over _7a handful of_8in disguise _9in amazement_,pass.off as.make ones acquaintancegenerally speakingin terms of朝四面八方交出；移交少数(人或物)伪装(的)
4、；假扮(的)震惊；惊讶,.语篇理解Choose the best answers according to the text FATEFUL MEETINGS.1This text is mainly about the first experience of Eliza meeting with _.AProfessor HigginsBColonel PickeringCProfessor Higgins and Colonel PickeringDa gentleman,2 Eliza greets to the gentleman in order to_.Aask him to bu
5、y some flowers from herBtalk with himCask him to teach herDbeg some money from him3 Why Eliza begins to cry? Because _.Ashe thinks Professor Higgins will arrest herBthe gentleman doesnt give her any moneyCPickering beats and scolds herDthere is no reason,4 Professor Higgins believes that he can judg
6、e a person by _.Ahis appearanceBhis actionChis conversationDhis manners,5 From the text, we can infer that Professor Higgins is a man described below EXCEPT_.Ahe doesnt care about moneyBhe is an expert in phoneticsChe is proudDhe is greedy答案：15CAACD,1adaptation n. 改编(本)；适应(性)The TV play is an adapta
7、tion of a novel.这部电视剧是由一部小说改编的。The book described the adaptation of desert species to the hot conditions.这本书描绘了沙漠物种对炎热环境的适应。,知识拓展(1)make an adaptation to 适应(2)adapt v(使)适应；(使)适合vt. 改编，修改adapt (oneself) to. 适应adapt.for 为改编adapt sth. into.把改编成adapt sth. from.由改编,This novel has been adapted for radio.这
8、部小说已被改编成无线电广播节目。Successful businesses are highly adaptable to economic change.成功的企业对于经济转变的适应能力很强。,活学活用(1)完成句子这些式样可以修改，以适应个人不同爱好。These styles can _ _ _ suit individual tastes.许多历史事件被吸收进京剧曲目中。Many historical events are _ _ the Beijing Opera plays.答案：be adapted toadapted into,(2)用adopt或adapt完成下列句子All h
9、is suggestions have been _.The number of the _ children (领养的孩子)has risen in the past year.This TV series is _ from one of Lao Shes famous novels.答案：adoptedadoptedadapted,2grant v. 同意，准许，允许；承认，同意The bank finally granted a 400 loan to me./The bank finally granted me a 400 loan.银行终于同意给我贷款400英镑。Are you
10、ready to grant that I was right?你是否愿意承认我是对的？,知识拓展take it for granted(that.) 认为是理所当然take sb./sth. for granted(因习以为常)对不予重视；(因视为当然而)不把当回事I take it for granted(that)you have read this book.我认为你一定读过这本书。He never praises his wife: he just takes her for granted.他从不夸妻子，只是觉得她做的一切理当如此。,活学活用用恰当词语填空I just took_f
11、or granted that hed always be around.答案：it句意：我还想当然地以为他总能随叫随到呢。take it for granted(that.)表示“认为是理所当然的”。,3hesitate vi. 犹豫；踌躇Dont hesitate about that. Do it at once!关于此事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧！I didnt hesitate for a moment about taking the job.我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。,活学活用(1)完成句子He accepted the invitation _ _.(hesitate)他毫不犹
12、豫地接受了邀请。Do you still _ _ _ a new car？(buy)对于买新车一事，你还在犹豫不决吗？答案：without hesitationhesitate about buying,(2)补全句子我们将为你服务。如果你有其他问题，尽管来找我们好了。We are at your service. Dont_ _ _ _ _if you have any further problems.答案：hesitate to turn to us,4mistaken adj. (见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的If Im not mistaken, thats the man we s
13、aw on the bus.要是我没认错人的话，我们在公共汽车上看见的就是那个男子。知识拓展be mistaken about.对持错误的见解mistake.for.把错认为mistake sb./sth. 误解/误会某人/某事mistake n. 错误by mistake 错误地,He is mistaken about happiness.他对幸福持有错误的见解。This time we find that the bees mistake red for dark grey or black.这时我们发现，蜜蜂错把红色当成深灰色或黑色。I hope you will forgive me
14、 for opening your letter by mistake.我误拆了您的信，期望您原谅。,活学活用完成句子(1)我一定是误解你的意思了。I _ _ _ your meaning.(2)抱歉！我错拿了你的雨伞。Sorry, I took your umbrella _ _.(3)在过去人们把信仰错认为科学。In the old days people _ _ _ _ _ _答案：(1)am mistaken about(2)by mistaken(3)mistook their beliefs for the science,5classify vt. 编排；分类；归类The boo
15、ks in the library are classified by subject.图书馆的书是按科目分类的。We can classify these titles into three headings.我们可以将这些题目加以分类成三个主题。The government classified such people as middle peasants.政府把这样的人归类为中等农民。,知识拓展classified adj. 分类的；归类的classification nU分类；分级；C类别；等级,图解助记,比较网站classify, sort, organize与arrange 这些动
16、词均含“使有条理，安排”之意。(1)classify指按照事物类型、质量或是否相似进行分类。We will classify these subjects under three topics.我们将把这些问题分成三个主题。(2)sort 通常指根据类型或种类分类或整理选择。I sorted the shoes into pairs.我把鞋一双双整理好。,(3)organize 指按计划或需要把人或物安排组织成一个整体。A search party was organized to look for the man trapped in the snow.为了寻找在雪中被困的人，我们成立了一个
17、搜索队。(4)arrange 指按计划、秩序、需要和可能等进行安排。A special show was arranged to admit free the family members of the miners.安排了一个专场来免费招待矿工家属。,活学活用(1)用classify的适当形式填空People who work in libraries spend a lot of time _ books.Only eleven of these accidents were _ as major.The _ of fish is extremely complicated.If you
18、look in the _ part of the telephone book youll find plenty of hotels.答案：classifyingclassifiedclassificationclassified,(2)Would you classify her novels _ serious literature or as mere entertainment?答案：as句意：你认为她的小说属于文学类呢， 还是属于通俗读物类？classify sb./sth. as sth.表示“划分；界定”。,6remark n. 谈论；言论；评述vt. & vi. 谈论；评论
19、；说起常用表达：make a remark/remarks on/about 就发表意见；对评头品足make no remark 什么也不说；不加评论remark that 评论remark on/upon 谈论/评论,He made a number of rude remarks about the food here.关于这里的食物他做了许多无礼的评论。A local newspaper remarked that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law.一家地方报纸评论说由于强有力的法律措施，车祸在减少。Pr
20、of. Smith remarked on the difference between the two dictionaries.史密斯教授谈到了这两本词典的不同之处。,知识拓展remarkable adj. 引人注目的；不寻常的；非凡的pass remarks about/at sb. 议论某人,活学活用(1)It was his _ (评论)made at the conference that left me wondering about his real purpose.答案：remarks(2)He remarked_Jane that he had not heard from
21、 Sally for a long time.答案：to句意：他对简说已经好久没收到萨莉的信了。remark to sb表示“向说起”。,7betray vt. 出卖；背叛；显露出(本来面目)In failing to return the money he betrayed our trust.他未能归还那笔钱从而辜负了我们的信任。His voice betrayed the worry he was trying to hide.他的声音掩盖不了他内心的担忧。His accent at once betrayed the fact that he was a foreigner.他的口音立
22、即显现出他是一个外国人的事实。,知识拓展betraysth./sb.to. 向出卖/背叛某事/某人betrayn.(to be)/that 无意中显示；暴露betray ones country to the enemy 卖国；做卖国贼betray state secrets 泄露国家机密betray a secret to sb. 向某人泄露秘密,betray ones trust 辜负某人的信任betray oneself 暴露本来面目；原形毕露betrayal n. 背叛；出卖a betrayal of my principles 对我的原则的背弃行为an act of betrayal
23、 背叛的行为注意：betray的用法和意思与give away相近。如：He gave away the state secrets to the enemy.他向敌人泄露了国家机密。His accent gave him away.他的口音把他暴露了。,活学活用完成句子(1)He _ _ _ (背叛祖国) to the enemy.(2)That man is capable of _ _ _ (出卖朋友)(3)I dont want to _ _ all my secrets(泄露)(用give的相关词组)答案：(1)betrayed his country(2)betraying his
24、 friends(3)give away,8condemn vt. 判刑；判处(某人某种刑罚)；声讨； 谴责；迫使接受困境The editor of the newspaper was condemned as lacking integrity.这家报纸的主编被指责为不够正直。As an old person, one is often condemned to live alone.老年人常出于无奈而独自生活。,知识拓展(1)condemn sb./sth. for sth.由于某事而谴责某人或某事condemn sb. to do sth.某人注定要做某事condemn sb.s beh
25、aviour谴责某人的举动be condemned to被宣告condemn sb. to death判某人死刑,(2)condemnation n. 定罪；谴责；指责conditional condemnation 缓刑social condemnation 社会谴责(3)condemnable adj. 该罚的；接受责备的condemned adj. 已被定罪的；已被定罪者使用的；受谴责的,比较网站condemn, scold, blame与accuse这些动词均含有“责备，非难”之意。(1)condemn正式用词，表示谴责，有较强的司法意味，侧重从道义或原则上的谴责。We condemn
26、 cruelty and cruel people.我们谴责残忍行为和残忍的人。(2)scold普通用词，多指上级对下级、长辈对后辈或雇主对雇员的态度粗暴、言词激烈的数落。Did you scold her for breaking it?她把那件东西打破了， 你骂她了吗？,(3)blame普通用词，语气较弱，仅是一般的责难、归咎于，不含用语言责骂之意。She blamed him for the failure of their marriage/blamed the failure of their marriage on him.她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他。(4)accuse语气比blame
27、强，本义为归罪，可用作指非难或谴责之义。Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes.人类常把自己的不幸归咎于天。,活学活用(1)完成句子The criminal _ _ _ _ (被判处死刑)His illness _ _ _ _ _(使他卧床) all the time.答案：was condemned to deathcondemned him to be in bed,(2)He was condemned_(spend) the rest of the football season on the bench.答案：to spend
28、句意：他无可奈何地只得在这个足球赛季剩下的时间里作替补队员。condemn sb. to sth. 表示“迫使接受困境(或不愉快的状况)”。,9acquaintance n相识；熟人；了解He was my closest acquaintance.他是我的老相识。常用搭配：make ones acquaintance结识；与相识make the acquaintance of sb.have some acquaintance with熟悉/了解have a little acquaintance with sb./sth.稍微了解have no acquaintance with不熟悉/了
29、解,Im pleased to make your acquaintance.我非常高兴结识你。I have some acquaintance with the language.我懂得这门语言。I had little acquaintance with modern poetry.我对现代诗所知甚少。特别提示：acquaintance用作不可数名词，表“熟悉，认识”，有时在其前加不定冠词，表某种程度的熟悉与了解，与with连用；用作可数名词时，表“熟悉的人”。,知识拓展acquaint vt.使熟悉；了解acquaint sb. with 使某人了解be acquainted withb
30、e familiar with对熟悉He quickly acquainted himself with the facts of the case.他很快熟悉了案情。,活学活用(1)完成句子我懂一点儿俄语。I _ _ _ _ _ _.请把这件事的情况告诉我。Please _ me with the facts _ the case.答案：(1)had a little acquaintance with Russianacquaint; of,(2)用恰当词语填空We have been acquainted _ each other for a long time.答案：withbe ac
31、quainted with.“熟悉”。句意：我们互相认识很长时间了。,10superior adj. 优秀的；较高的；上级的n. 上级；长官This handbag is made of superior leather.这只手提包由上等皮革制成。Hes my immediate superior.他是我的顶头上司。特别提示：superior adj. 优秀的；较高的隐含着比较意义，没有比较等级。在与另一事物进行比较时，与之搭配的介词要用to，不能用than。,知识拓展be superior to.比优越(更好、强)be inferior to.低于；不如；在之下be senior to.比年
32、长(资深)be junior to.比年轻(资浅)This model is technically superior to its competitors.这一款式在技术上超过了与之竞争的产品。He is senior to me.他比我年长。,活学活用Do you know the new type computer will come into the market soon?Really? It is said to be superior_ any other model. I cant wait to buy one.答案：to句意：“你知道这种新型计算机不久就进入市场吗？”“真的
33、吗？据说它比其他机型更好，我迫不及待要买一台。”be superior to.表示“比优越(更好，更强)”，符合题意。,1bring sb./sth. to life 使更有趣；使更生动The new teacher really brought French to life for us.新来的老师给我们把法语教得生动活泼。Flowers can bring a dull room back to life.鲜花可使沉闷的房间恢复生气。,知识拓展(1)come to life 变得活跃；动起来；醒过来(2)come around/round 恢复知觉；苏醒(3)come to oneself
34、/ones senses 苏醒,活学活用(1)补全句子我们邀请特德吧有他到就会热闹起来。Lets invite Tedhe knows how to _ a party to _.答案：bring；life句意：bring sb./sth. to life表示“使更有趣； 使更生动”。,(2)用恰当词语填空He was down at the mouth all evening, but as soon as his girl friend came in he came_life.答案：to句意：他一晚上都垂头丧气，但他的女朋友一来，他就活跃起来了。come to life 表示“变得更有趣
35、(或使人兴奋)；变得活跃”。,2take.for.把看作；误认为I wont tell her the secretwhat do you take me for?我不会把这秘密告诉她的你把我当什么人了？Even the expert took the painting for a genuine of Van Gogh.连专家都误认为这幅画是梵高的真迹。,知识拓展take.to be/as 把看作；误认为mistake.for.误将认作They just take me as a child.他们把我当作一个孩子对待。,活学活用用恰当词语填空(1)I _ (take)for a detect
36、ive by the family next door.答案：was taken句意：隔壁那家人误认为我是一名侦探。take.for.“误认为”，符合题意。,(2)She took what he said_a compliment.答案：as句意：她把他的话看作是恭维话。take sth.(as sth.)|take sth.(to do sth.)表示“领会；理解；考虑”。例如：What did you take his comments to mean？你明白他的评论是什么意思吗？,3pass. off as.(把某人)改变或冒充成She passed herself off as an
37、 experienced actress.她冒充有经验的演员。He passed his secretary off as his wife.他让秘书冒充他的妻子。,知识拓展pass away去世pass by通过；经过；未影响pass for/as(错误地)被看作pass out昏过去；失去知觉pass down(世代)相传pass on转交；递给；传给,pass.on to.把传递给pass over忽略；避免提及或考虑pass up放弃；拒绝pass off进行到最后；(以某种方式)发生并完成pass through经过；路过,活学活用填入适当的介副词(1)He escaped by p
38、assing himself _ as a guard.(2)His mother passed _ last year because of cancer.(3)I passed _ your house.(4)The good tradition has been passed _ from generation to generation.(5)She passed _ a difficult period after her marriage failed.答案：(1)off(2)away(3)by(4)down(5)through,4in terms of 就来说；从角度He oft
39、en talks about his girlfriend in terms of love.他经常用充满爱的语言谈论他的女朋友。It was a bad year for films, in terms of both quantity and quality.今年的电影无论从数量上还是质量上都说不上好。The job is great in terms of salary, but it has its disadvantages.就薪金而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但它也有不利之处。,知识拓展come to terms with 达成协议；和好；接受；适应be on good/bad te
40、rms 关系良好/不好in the long/short term就长远/短期而言in ones terms在某人看来on equal terms 在平等的条件下In their terms, cutting government spending is the most important thing.在他们看来，缩减政府开支是最重要的事情。,活学活用(1)完成句子就钱而论，他们很富有。_ _ _ _，theyre quite rich.他多年来一直与父亲关系不好。He had been _ _ _ _ his father for years.答案：In terms of moneyon
41、bad terms with,(2)_ terms of achievement, last weeks ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.答案：Inin terms of意为“就而言”，全句意为“就成效而言，上周的WTO部长级会议虽然没有失败，只是收效甚微”。,5generally speaking一般来说Generally speaking, women live longer than men.一般来说，女人比男人长寿。,知识拓展(1)在某些结构中，如果主语和逻辑主语不一
42、致，在非谓语动词前不带逻辑主语是因为其逻辑主语是泛指的人称。类似结构除了generally speaking还有exactly speaking/strictly speaking/to be honest/to tell you the truth等。Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed.从你的话看，他应当能成功。Taking everything into consideration, you should leave.考虑到各种因素，你最好离开。,(2)当句子含有先行主语it或there时，有时作状语的分词短语可以与先行主语不一致。
43、Having so little time, there was not much that I could do.由于时间很少，我能做的事很有限。Being French, its surprising that shes such a terrible cook.她是法国人，做饭却做得那么糟，这真是令人感到惊讶。,(3)当分词已转化为介词或连词时，也无需考虑主语一致问题。Considering the distance, he arrived every quickly.考虑到路程，他来的算是很快的。(considering为介词，意为“考虑到”)Supposing she doesnt
44、come, what shall we do?假如她不来，我们怎么办？(supposing为连词，意为“假如”)Given their inexperience, theyve done a good job.考虑到他们没有经验，这工作已做得很不错了。(given为介词，意为“考虑到”),(4)当分词暗含的逻辑主语为表示泛指意义的one或you时，也无需考虑主语的一致性问题。In doing such work, patience is needed.做这种工作需要耐心。(When one does such work, patience is needed.),活学活用补全句子(1)_(一般来说), each university has its own special fields.答案：Generally speaking句意为“一般来说，每所大学都有自己的专长”。generally speaking“一般来说”，故C项符合题意。,
