1、Unit 1 Friendship,GrammarDirect speech & Indirect speech,Learning about language,1. Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.,_ not inside a building_ feeling disturbed_to be worried about_free, not tied up_ to experience something_ to take no notice of _ staying
2、close to and looking at somebody_ to become quiet after nervous activity_piece of material hung to cover a window_ number of things that happen one after another,outdoors,go through,loose,upset,ignore,face to face,be concerned about,calm down,curtain,series,2. Answer keys for Ex. 2 on page 4:,Annes
3、sister, Margot, was very _ that the family had to move. However, she knew that she had to _all the difficulties with her family. She found it difficult to settle and _ in the hiding place, because she was _ whether they would be discovered. She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like
4、it there. What she really missed was going _ walking the dog for her neighbour. It was such fun to watch it run _ _in the park. She wished she could tell her neighbour_ that she was sorry not to be able to do it any longer, but she knew that was too dangerous.,upset,go through,outdoors,hide away,loo
5、sely,face to face,concerned about,3. Answer keys for Ex.3 on page 4:,When the man saw the car accident on the highway, he stopped to offer help.“How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when its so dirty and dusty ? It will only make her worse.” said the doctor.After Peter died, George se
6、t down the story of their friendship in a book.When the street lights go on at dusk , they make a beautiful picture , so different from the daytime.,5. Good friends do not concern about what they do for each other; instead they offer help when it is needed.Although Tim and Mike come from entirely di
7、fferent backgrounds, they became close friends.Please draw the curtain ; the sunlight is too bright.“Sorry, I didnt break the plate on purpose .” “ Its OK. Dont worry about it.”,2.Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech (1),转述他人的陈述陈述句, She asked me what I was doing.,1) He said , “Im going to Beijing.”,
8、He said that he was going to Beijing.,2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?”, He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.,3) She said , “What are you doing?”,2. 转述他人的疑问一般疑问句,3. 转述他人的问题特殊疑问句,直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化,He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said
9、, “Ill give you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.,陈述句用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that,解题步骤:,1.陈述句:,“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.,Sar
10、ah said to her friends,that,said,didnt,she,Sarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.,Sarah,一般疑问句,He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked
11、 whether I was interested in English.,间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序,2.一般疑问句:Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?( They asked him ),They asked him,if,It is easy to improve the condition of the soil.,it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.,asked,is
12、,was,They asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.,特殊疑问句,He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语
13、动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序,3.特殊疑问句：When do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him ),They asked him,When,you harvest the wheat,you harvest the wheat.,he,harvested,They asked him when he harvested the wheat.,选择疑问句,He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or Frenc
14、h. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?” I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.,用whetheror表达，而不用ifor，也不用eitheror,5. 注意地点的变化,在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化,1. 注意时态的变化,2. 注意人称变化。,3. 注意指示代词的变化,4. 注意时间的变化,6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化,When you change a sentence from direct speech to indirect speech, you somet
15、imes need to change the verb tense. You may also need to change pronouns , time in order to keep the same meaning.,Direct indirect PresentpastPast past and past perfectPresent perfect past perfect Past perfectpast perfect,Try to change direct speech into indirect speech :,He said that the earth goes
16、 around the sun.,He said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m.,He said that Rome isnt built in a day.,Tom said he was born in July, 1978.,She says that shell never forget the days in the country.,1.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。2. 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时 3. 直接引语如果是客观真理，时态不变 4. 当引语是谚语、格言时5. 当直接引语中有情态动词should, wou
17、ld, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时,从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况:,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,时 间 状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,that day,this week,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,four days ago,four days before,the day before yesterday,t
18、wo days before,tomorrow,the next day,next month,the next month,here,there,come,go,bring,take,Try to do SB P.5 Ex.2 Change the sentences either into direct speech or indirect speech:,1. Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home.2. Anne told her father that she had got tired of looking
19、 at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.3. The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly.,III Practice,4. Her father asked her why she chose/ had chosen her diary and old letters.5. “Are you very hot with so many clothes on?” Mother asked/said to her.6.
20、 “What else have you hidden under your overcoat?” Margot asked her.7. “ When shall we go back home?” Anne asked her father.8. “ Why did you talk so much to that boy?” Father asked Anne.,Practice,Practice,Act out,GM: Whats the weather like intomorrow? I cant hear the man clearly on the TV.GS: Thats a
21、ll right. I can help. The man said it was going to rain.GM: What did he say about Shanghai?GS: .,Exercises:,1. He said , “I m afraid I cant finish this work.”,2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.” 3.Tom said “I will see you next week.”,He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that wor
22、k.,He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.,Tom said that he would see me the next week.,4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. 5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah. 6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.,The teach
23、er asked me why I was late again.,Sarah said she didnt like swimming.,His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”,My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.,1. Do WB P.42 Ex.1 2. Review the rules of the changes from direct speech into indirect speech.,IV Homework,1. Jack said to me, “You look
24、 worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,Exercises,2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingt
25、hen D. they walkingnow,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week,4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back
26、 _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat,6. Jane said, “What did he hear
27、 about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next
28、time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time,8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your,9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why _ yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. havent I left here,10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ?” The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. ifrise B. ifrises C. whetherrose D. whether did rise,
