1、专题二 代词贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势考纲要求1.人称代词 2.物主代词 3.反身代词 4.指示代词 5.不定代词(some，any，no) 6.疑问代词考查点 年份 题号 考查角度 选项设置 分值人称、物主与反身代词201638 人称代词 this/that/it 1分57 物主代词 her/his/its 1分2015 32 反身代词 myself/himself/herself 1分201441 反身代词 his/him/himself 1分88 名词性物主代 词 Imine 1分201392 反身代词 ititself 1分不定代词与相互代词2016 94 相互代词 each othe
2、r 1分2014 43 复合不定代词something_new/nothing new/anything new1分2013 40 复合不定代词something/anything/everything1分2012 86 相互代词another/the otheranother1分指示代词2016 42 疑问代词 who/when/which 1分2014 45 指示代词that that/who/where 1分2012 37 指示代词that、疑问代词what，whothat/what/who 1分分析贵阳近5年中考真题可以看出代词是贵阳中考近5年的必考点。在单项选择中每年均会设置两道试题
3、，其中必有一道人称代词或物主代词的考查，另外一道轮流考查不定代词和指示代词。不定代词的考查点偏向指物的不定代词something/nothing/anything/everything的考查，也会涉及普通不定代词both/none/neither/either和相互代词another/other的考查。另外，完形填空中也会涉及不定代词的辨析。对人称代词与物主代词的考查可以分为以下几种情况：(1)物主代词：考查的四个选项设置均为同一人称的不同形式，且偏向第一人称和第三人称，注重形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词与人称代词的混合辨析。做此类题时，学生应首先判断句中所缺成分和人称，若其后紧跟名词，则为
4、形容词性物主代词；若其后无名词，而是紧跟介词of或与名词词组并列，则为名词性物主代词。(2)人称代词：主要考查宾格形式，位于介词后或固定结构中。如：introduce sb.to sb.(把某人介绍给某人)。(3)反身代词和指示代词：重点在于基本的词义辨析。另外，完形填空中也会涉及代词的辨析，学生应联系上下文判断所指人称或所指事物的类别。词语运用偶尔也会涉及人称代词与物主代词的运用。预测2017年贵阳中考的单项选择题会考查一道人称代词与物主代词的辨析和一道不定代词的辨析。贵阳中考重难点突破代词人称代词主格(I，you，she等)宾格(me，you，her等)物主代词形容词性物主代词(my，yo
5、ur等)名词性物主代词(mine，yours等)反身代词(myself，yourself，themselves等)指示代词(this，that，these，those等)相互代词(each other和one another)疑问代词(构成特殊疑问句：who，what等)不定代词普通不定代词(some，any，few等)复合不定代词(anyone，nothing等)连接代词(引导宾语从句：who，what等)关系代词(引导定语从句：who，whose等)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词【满分点拨】一、人称代词人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格在句中作主语和表语；宾格作动词或介词的宾语，也可作表语。人称
6、代词的人称、数和格的变化如下：人称单数 复数主格 宾格 主格 宾格第一人称 I me we us第二人称 you you you you第三人称he himshe herit itthey them二、物主代词物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词一般用于名词前修饰名词；而名词性物主代词本身就具有名词的性质，相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”。如：This is my red schoolbag.This red schoolbag is mine.这个红色的书包是我的。物主代词具体分类如下：人称 数 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词第一人称单数形式 my mine复数形式
7、 our ours第二人称单数形式 your yours复数形式 your yours人称 数 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词第三人称单数形式his hisher hersits its复数形式 their theirs三、反身代词1反身代词的单复数形式表格如下：数人称 单数 复数第一人称 myself我自己 ourselves我们自己第二人称 yourself你自己 yourselves你们自己第三人称 himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己 themselves他们自己她们自己它们自己2.反身代词的用法I hope you can enjoy yourselves a
8、t the party.(作宾语)The children made model planes themselves.(作同位语)That poor boy was myself.(作表语)3反身代词的常用词组teach oneself自学learn by oneself自学enjoy oneself过得愉快；玩得高兴help oneself to随便吃(用)come to oneself苏醒hurt oneself受伤by oneself独自【考点抢测】一、词语运用。I，they，she，it，we1My parents showed _me_ some old pictures that
9、brought back sweet memories.2There are lots of restaurants in our town.And most of _them_ are clean and cheap.3Many people think Peng Liyuan is the most beautiful First Lady.And _her_ songs are also wellknown.4Kitty is the name of my pet._Its_ nose is very funny.5Its very important for us to learn h
10、ow to learn by _ourselves_二、单项选择。( A )6.My daughter is a great fan of Justin._ has most of Justins CDs.AShe BHer CHe( C )7.We have noticed the problems，and we will discussed _ at the meeting.Ayou Bit Cthem( C )8.It is a good habit of _ to read a few lines before going to bed.AI Bmy Cmine( B )9.Mandy
11、 loves to see films. Transformers(变形金刚) is _ favorite movie.Ashe Bher Chers( B )10.Mom，Im old enough to wash _ own clothes and _You can have a rest after work.Amy；your Bmy；yoursCyour；my( C )11.Boys，dont lose _ in playing Angry Birds.It is bad for your eyes to play computer games for a long time.Ahim
12、self ByourselfCyourselves( C )12.We had a big meal and enjoyed _ at the party last night.Athemselves BmyselfCourselves不定代词【满分点拨】不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，兼有名词和形容词的功能，在句子中主要用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。一、普通不定代词1初中阶段常见的普通不定代词如下表：some，any few，little other，anothermany，much either，neithereach，every both，
13、all none，one2.常考的几组易混不定代词辨析some与any，both，either与neither序号 不定代词 用法 例句1some 用于肯定句或表示请求的 疑问句中 Tom has some story books.Would you like some milk？any 一般用于疑问句或否定句 中 Are there any apples on the tree？There arent any buses.2both 表示“两者都” Toms parents are both doctors.either表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数Either of th
14、e books is interesting.neither 表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数 Neither of his friends has come yet.all，any与none相同点 均用于三个或三个以上的人或物不同点all 指“三个或三个以上的人或物”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，其反义词为non eany 指“三个或三个以上的人或物中的任意一个”，只能作定语none 指“三个或三个以上的人或物中没有一个(全否定)”，相当于not any注意：(1)no one用来指人，不能接of短语，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。(2)none不仅指人也可以指物，其后常跟of短语
15、。none代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。如：None of the information is correct.信息都不正确。None of the soldiers are(is) afraid of difficulties.战士们都不怕困难。few，a few和little，a little如：The problem is too difficult.Few students can work it out.这道题太难了。没几个学生能做出来。She says little but does much.她说得少，做得多。each与
16、every单词 用法及意义 例句each 指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的每一个；意为“每个，各自的”，强调个体There are trees and flowers on each side of the street.街道的每一边都有树和花。every 强调整体，表示“每个都”；指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的每一个 Every student has read a poem.每个学生都读了一首诗。二、复合不定代词复合不定代词一直是贵阳中考的常考点，学生对此要熟练掌握。常见的复合不定代词如下：somebody(某人) anybody(任何人) nobody(没有人) everybody(每人)
17、someone(某人) anyone(任何人) no one(没有人) everyone(每人)something(某事) anything(任何事) nothing(没有东西) everything(每一件事)1由some构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，也可用于建议或请求的疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答。2由any构成的复合不定代词通常用于否定句和疑问句中。3复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。4当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。【考点抢测】( A )1.The girl in pu
18、rple is new here，so _ people know her.Afew Ba few Clittle( C )2._ of the computers are working because of the power failure.AAll BBoth CNone( C )3.There were only two paintings for sale and he bought _Aall Bany Cboth( B )4.How did you get the MP4，from a shop or by TV?_I always like shopping online.A
19、None BNeither CBoth( A )5.Do you think _ of the students can take part in the Marathon Skating?Certainly they can.In fact，they make good use of _ skating lesson.Aeach；every Bevery；eachCeach；all( A )6.They are able to talk openly to one another whenever _ of them feels hurt.Aeither Bboth Cneither( C
20、)7.Tom，supper is ready.I dont want to eat _，mom.Im not feeling well.Anothing BsomethingCanything( A )8._ is waiting for you at the gate.He wants to say thanks to you.ASomebody BAnybodyCEverybody( A )9.You dont have a drink.Can I get you _？Asomething BanythingCnothing( C )10.What else do you want?_ e
21、lse.I think Ive got everything ready.AEverything BSomethingCNothing指示代词和疑问代词【满分点拨】一、指示代词1指示代词的分类代词 用法 例句it 特指上下文提到的对象是同一事 物 The book is mine.Its very interesting.one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的 一个，同类而不同一 Who has a novel named Tiny Times？I have one.that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提 到的名词，以避免重复 The weather in Beijing is colder t
22、han that in Shenzhen.this 常用来指代离自己较近的人或物 This is my friend.2.it的常见用法it可替代动词不定式作句中的形式主语或宾语，也可用于某些固定句型中。(1)用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：Its adj.(for sb.)to do sth.Its important for us to work hard.对我们来说努力工作是重要的。Its time to do/for /thatIts time to get up.到起床的时间了。Its time for lunch/that we go home.到吃午饭的时候了。/到回家的时间了。
23、It seems thatIt seems that he is quite happy.他看起来似乎很高兴。Its ones turn to do sth.Its your turn to sing.现在轮到你唱了。Its adj.that从句It is necessary that we students do some reading every day.我们学生每天读书是必要的。(2)作形式宾语Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line？你认为学会排队是必要的吗？I found it important to learn Eng
24、lish well.我发现学好英语很重要。I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。二、疑问代词疑问代词 主要用法 例句who 作主语、表语、宾语(作宾语时在口语中不能放在介词后) Who wants to go with me？whom who的宾格形式，作宾语 To whom are you talking？whose who的所有格形式，作表语、 定语 Whose book is this？what/whowhat询问某人的职业 Whats your father？He i
25、s a worker.who询问某人的身份、姓名 Who is the boy under the tree？He is Li Ming.what/whichwhat指不定数目中的“哪一个，哪些；什么”，没有一定范围的限定What would you like？which“哪一个，哪一些”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物Which one do you like best？相对于疑问代词而言，初中阶段还有两个疑问副词经常在考试中出现，学生也应该重点掌握，第一个是how，通常表示方式。另一个是where，表示地点。【考点抢测】( B )1._ is time for us to have class
26、es.AOne BIt CThem( A )2. Harry Potter is such an interesting book that lots of teenagers like to read _Ait Bthis Cthat( C )3.My friend has a lot of comic books.I want to have _，too.Athis Bit Cone( B )4.She is very friendly，and _ is why we all like her.Athis Bthat Cthese( C )5._ would you like to choose to live in，Chengdu，Beijing or Shanghai?Chengdu，I think.AHow BWhat CWhich( B )6._ are they?They are Chopsticks Brothers who sings the song Little Apple.AWhat BWho CHow
