1、专题三 冠词贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势考查点 年份 题号 考查角度 选项设置 分值不定冠词2016 31 不定冠词an表泛 指 a/an/the 1分定冠词2014 40 定冠词the表特 指 a/an/the/不填 1分2012 31 定冠词the用在乐器名词前 a/an/the/不填 1分分析贵阳近5年中考单项选择对冠词的考查可以看出,冠词是贵阳每年中考的必考点。其主要表现为对定冠词和不定冠词的轮考,以冠词基本用法为主,也涉及定冠词的特殊用法。考点可分以下三类:(1)定冠词the:考查次数最多,且隔年考一次,是高频考点。(2)不定冠词an:通常考查与元音音素开头的单词连用,如:an ama
2、zing singer(一名出色的歌手);an engineer(一名工程师)。(3)不定冠词a:通常考查表泛指的基本用法或者固定搭配,如:a circle(一个圈);take a photo(拍照)。设题形式多为简单句,一个短句或两个单句的形式均有,词数为911词。预测2017年贵阳中考会考查定冠词the的基本用法。贵阳中考重难点突破冠词【满分点拨】一、不定冠词的用法不定冠词有a和an两种形式。a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。下表是常见的以元音音素开头的单词用a、an的各种情况:A a an apple/an artist/an aunt/an Asian co
3、untry/an American girlE e a European country/an egg/an eightyearold boy/an 11yearold boyI i an idea/an interesting storyO o an orange/an old man/an outgoing girlU ua useful book/a university student/a UFO/a usual story/an umbrella/an ugly man/an uncle/an unusual story/an unhappy smile特别记不规则:an hour/
4、an honest man,以元音音素开头的字母:an“a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x”不定冠词具体用法如下:1在叙述时用于第一次提到某人或某物前。如:This is a book.2泛指人或事物的某一类别,以区别于其他种类。如:A plane is a machine that can fly.3泛指某人或某物。如:A young man is waiting for you.4用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前,有“每一”的意思,相当于every。如:five lessons a week5用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前,表示“一阵,一份,一类,一场”等。如:There
5、ll be a strong wind in South China.6用于某些固定词组中。如:a few/little/bit一点儿;have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/restswim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/rest游泳/散步/谈话/看一看/跳舞/喝点东西/休息;have a cold感冒;have a good time玩得高兴;in a hurry匆忙;for a while一会儿;keep a diary写日记;do sb.a favor帮助某人7用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前。如:a knife and fo
6、rk一副刀叉二、定冠词the的基本用法1用于双方都知道的人或事物前。如:Give me the book,please.2特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。如:Do you know the girl in red?3表示世界上独一无二的事物。如:The earth moves around the sun.4用在序数词、形容词最高级前面,以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的比较级前。如:The first lesson is very easy.She is the most beautiful student in that class.5用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩。如:The G
7、reens are watching TV now.6用在单数可数名词前表示一类人或事物。如:The orange is orange.7用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前,或由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如:the Great Wall;the Summer Palace8与某些形容词连用表示一类人。如:We should help the old.9用在表示方位或西洋乐器名称的名词之前。如:I like playing the piano.10用在某些固定词组中。如:in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上;in the daytime在
8、白天;in the end最后;all the time一直;at the same time同时;by the way顺便说;in the open air在户外;at the age of在岁时;at the beginning of在开始时;on the other side of在的另一边;in the middle of在中间;at the moment现在,此刻注意:(1)除一些特殊情况外,专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前不加冠词。如:Wisdom is better than strength.智慧胜于力量。Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。(2)当
9、名词前已有this,that,his,any,every,some,no等指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或所有格修饰时,不必加冠词。如:She is my sister.她是我妹妹。Jacks brother is a worker.杰克的哥哥是工人。(3)在与by连用的表示交通工具的名词前、固定搭配中及表示学科名称的名词前不加冠词。如:by plane坐飞机 by boat乘船by mistake出错 Chinese语文(4)在节日、假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前不加冠词。如:Childrens Day儿童节 Monday星期一autumn秋季 January一月(5)在一日三餐、语言、体育类
10、等名词前不加冠词。如:I cooked some noodles for supper.我煮了一些面条作为晚餐。I can speak Chinese,English and French.我会讲汉语、英语和法语。【考点抢测】( A )1.Kobe Brain is _ good basketball player in the NBA.Aa Ban Cthe( A )2.Put on more clothes,or you will catch _ cold.Aa Ban Cthe( B )3.He has been _ honest man in his life.Aa Ban Cthe(
11、 B )4.There is _“M” in the word MP3.Aa Ban Cthe( B )5.Does he need _ operation at once,doctor?Aa Ban Cthe( B )6.Can you see _ sun at night with a telescope?Aa Bthe Can( C )7.Helens sister is _ girl in blue.Aa Ban Cthe( C )8.Its just a short distance from here to _ restaurant.Aa Ban Cthe( C )9.Perhaps the famous football star wont play _ football any longer.Aa Ban C/