1、中考语法复习,动 词,动词的考点,一.动词的分类,三.动词的语态,二.动词的时态,四.非谓语动词,一、动词的分类,实义动词,系动词,助动词,情态动词,（一）实义动词,_ 本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。 I like the book.2. _自身意思完整，无需接宾语。 Birds can fly.,及物动词,不及物动词,实义动词主要考察词义辨析,词义辨析,1) _ 表“习惯做某事”； _表“过去常常做某事” _表“被用来做什么”,be (get) used to doing,used to do,be used to do,Pens _ write.I _getting up e
2、arly.I _get up early.,are used to,am used to,used to,词义辨析,2) _ +“大地点”； _+“小地点” _+“地点名词” _是及物动词，+“地点名词”,arrive in,arrive at,get to,reach,词义辨析,3) _ 表“借入”； _表“借出” _表“长时间的借”,borrow,lend,keep,词义辨析,4) _ 表“给某人穿衣服”； _表“穿上”，强调动作； _表“穿着，戴着”， 强调状态。,dress sb.,put on,wear,词义辨析,5) _ “看见”，表结果； _ “看”，表动作，不及物； _ “看(
3、比赛，电视)” _ “看(书、报)”，表阅读,see,look (at),watch,read,词义辨析,6) _ “带来，拿来” ； _ “拿去，带走； _ “扛，搬” ，用力移动，无方向 _ “去取，去拿”， 表往返拿物,bring,take,carry,fetch, get,词义辨析,7) _ “死” ，不及物动词； _ “死的”， 形容词，表状态； _ “死” ，名词 _ “垂死的”，形容词,die,dead,death,dying,词义辨析,8) _ “说（语言）” ，“发言”； _ “说（内容）”， 及物； _ “谈论某事” ； _ “谈论某人” _ “告诉”,speak,say,
4、talk about sth.,talk to (with) sb.,tell,词义辨析,9) _ “花钱（时间）” ，人做主语； _ “花钱”， 人做主语； _ “花钱” ，物做主语 _ “花时间”，物做主语,spend,pay,cost,take,词义辨析,10) _ “寻找” ，强调过程； _ “找到”， 强调结果； _ “找出，查明（起因）” _ “听”，强调过程 _“听到”，强调结果,look for,find,find out,listen (to),hear,词义辨析,11) _ the game “赢” _ the game “输”， _ sb. “打败（某人）” _ in t
5、he game “失败”,win,lose,beat (defeat),fail,词义辨析,12) _ 表“丢失，失去”； _表“忘记”； _表“把某物落在某处”。,lose,forget,leave,词义辨析,13) _ 表“想到”； _表“考虑”； _表“仔细考虑”。,think of,think about,think over,词义辨析,14) _ 表“加入”； _表“参加（活动）”； _表“出席（会议）”。,join (the party),take part in,attend (a meeting),词义辨析,15) _red _dark _cold _short / long,
6、turn,get / grow,get / become,get,（二）系动词,表“状态”：,look, seem, taste, smell, feel, sound, be, keep, stay,2. 表“变化”:,1.系动词+形容词2.用法辨析,turn, get, grow, fall, become, come, go,Choose the best answer,1. The water _ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels,
7、系动词不用于被动语态,Choose the best answer,Choose the best answer,2. He shook his head _ and looked _ when he was told the bad news. A. sadly; sadly B. sad; sad C. sadly; sad D. sad; sadly,Choose the best answer,Choose the best answer,3. I love to go to the forest in summer. It _ good to walk in the forest o
8、r sit in the shade of trees. A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes,Choose the best answer,4. -I was wondering if we could go skating on the weekend. -_ good. A. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds,Choose the best answer,状态变化系动词,go,come,turn,grow,fall,getbecome,Choose the best answer,1. The discussion
9、_ alive when an interesting topic was brought in. A. was coming B. had come C. has come D. came,2. The traffic lights_ green and I pulled away. A. came B. grew C. got D. turned,3. - Is your headache getting _? - No, its worse. A. better B. bad C. less D. well,4. -Would you advise me on how to stay_?
10、 -Try to live regularly, eat more vegetables and be in a good state of mind. A. health B. healthy C. healthily D. more healthily,5. The dog looked_. The boy looked _at the poor dog. A. dead; sad B. dying; sadly C. deadly; sadly D. dying; sad,6. The cloth that she bought looks _, feels _ and sells_.
11、A. beautiful; soft; well B. beauty; softly; well C. beautifully; softly; good D. beautiful; soft; good,（三）情态动词,情态动词用法辨析,一. can , could, be able to I. can 1）表“能力” He can speak five languages. 2）表“许可”=may Can (May) I come in ?,3) 表“可能性” Can it be true?,一. can , could, be able to,4) be able to与can 的比较
12、A) 表示能力时可通用 No one can / is able to do it. B) be able to可用于任何时态。 Im sorry I havent been able to answer your letter. C) 表经努力办到某事，用be able to 。 After years of hard work he was able to win the prize.,一. can , could, be able to2. could 1) could 是can的过去时，可用来较委婉，客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Could you come a little earli
13、er? 2) can 和could 表示某人或某物一时的特点，译为“有可能，有时会”。 He can be very friendly. He could be very proud.,二. may, might 1）表许可，译为“可以”（正式场合） You may take the book home. 2) 表示推测，“或许，可能” 。 It may rain tomorrow. 3) 表示祝愿 May you succeed!4) might: may 的过去式，但might表可 能性较小，或表更婉转语气。 Jim may (might) lend you money. Might I
14、ask a question?,三. must, have to, need1. must 的用法： 1） “必须” ，否定表禁止。回答其 问句用neednt或dont have to。 I must leave at 9. - Must we hand it in today? - Yes, you must. No, you neednt / dont have to.,三. must, have to, need1. must 的用法： 2) must 还可表示一种推断和揣测。must +do对现在事实的猜测;must +have done 对过去事实的猜测. You must be j
15、oking. I cant find my key. I must have left it in the bus.,三. must, have to, need 2. must与 have to的比较： A) have to-客观情况；must-主观看法。 I must learn another foreign language. You have to learn another foreign language if you want to work here. B) have to用于不同时态，must不行. We will have to buy another TV set.,三
16、. must, have to, need 3. need 的用法： 1）作情态动词用时，用于疑问或否定句。回答need问句时，肯定用must,否定用neednt / dont have to. You need not do anything here. - Need I go so soon? - Yes, you must. No, you neednt. / dont have to.,三. must, have to, need 3. need 的用法： 2)need用做行为动词时的用法： I need to buy a new dictionary. My bike needs r
17、epairing / needs to be repaired .,四. will 和 would 的用法：1. 表示“意愿” She wont lend me the money. 2. 表“邀请”或“请求” Will you give me a piece of paper? 3. would比will语气更温婉。 Would like something to eat?,五. shall, should的用法 A) shall的用法 用于第一人称， 表示征求意见。 Shall I turn on the light?B) should的用法表示劝告，建议。 You should stud
18、y the article carefully. 2. 表示推测，译为 “可能，应该，该”。 He should arrive at noon.,四、非谓语动词,动词不定式,动名词,分词,to do,doing,doingdone,名词形容词副词,名词,形容词副词,To see is to believe.He likes to play.He asked me to go.I have a lot to do.Im here to meet you.,Seeing is believing.I like playing.,an interesting booka broken cupThey
19、 came in, singing.Seeing from the hill, our school looks nice.,不定式和动名词作宾语,通常加不定式作宾语 want to go2. “磕破头死了也要爱父母啊” keep, practice, suggest, enjoy, finish, mind, avoid + doing3. + to do (doing) remember, forget, stop, go on,不定式和动名词作宾语补足语,通常加不定式作宾补 want him to go2. 使役动词 let，make, have (sb. do ) have sb. d
20、o have sb. doing have sth. done3. 感官动词 “五看两听一感觉” look (at), see, watch, notice, observe, listen (to), hear, feel (sb. do / doing)4. keep , find (sb. doing),1. Dont let him _ out alone at night. He is young and will be frightened. A. go B. goes C. to go D. going,4. Mr Green asked us to stop _. So we
21、stopped _ to him at once. A. talking; listening B. to talk; listening C. talking; to listen D. to talk; to listen,5. What should we do to fight H1N1 flu? -We should wash hands often, avoid _ to crowded places and so on. A. go B. going C. gone D. to go,7. Whats your plan for the summer holidays? -Ive
22、 no idea, but Ive decided _ at home and have a good rest first. A. stay B. to stay C. stayed D. staying,8. We are going for a picnic tomorrow. Ill call Wendy to make sure _. A. why to start B. when to start C. what to start D. which to start,10. She spends much time _ English every day. A. read B. r
23、eading C. to read D. have read,11. Would you mind me _? -_. Do it as you like, please. A. to play the piano; Good idea B. playing the piano; Of course not C. playing the piano; Of course D. play the piano; All right,12. Oh, terrible! I forgot _ the window. Its windy. -Really? Lets go back home quick
24、ly. A. closing B. to close C. closed D. close,14. On her way home Lucy saw a thief _ in a shop. She stopped _110 at once. A. steal; call B. to steal; call C. stealing; to call D. stealing; calling,15. Youd better _ too much time playing computer games. A. dont pay B. not to pay C. to not spend D. no
25、t spend,16. Do you know Armstrong? -Yes. He is the first man _ on the moon. A. walk B. walks C. to walk D. walked,17. Is Jack in the library? -Maybe. I saw him _ out with some books just now. A. going B. go C. to go D. went,19. How about _ in the river with us? -Sorry, I cant. My parents often tell
26、me _ that. A. swim; dont do B. swim; to do C. swimming; not do D. swimming; not to do,20. Im tired these days because of studying for physics. -Why not _ music? It can make you _. A. listen to; to relax B. listen to; relax C. listening to; relax D. listening to; to relax,21. Why did you buy a radio? -_English. A. Learn B. Learning C. To learn D. Be learning,22. Why not _ your teacher for help when you cant finish _ it by yourself? A. ask; write B. to ask; writing C. ask; writing D. asking; write,Thanks! Bye-bye!,
