1、1Unit 22 Environmental Protection高考试卷分块专练练 一 阅 读 理 解 提 速 练 限 时 35分 钟 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)ATour operators have seasonal deals on holidays to Canada, Australia and other countries in a new year.AustravelHolidaymakers can save up to 30% on a trip to Australia with the Austravel sale, which runs
2、 for about a month. It also includes a fortnightlong trip to Perth and a west coast selfdrive trip from 795pp including flights in May or July.austravel. comCanadian AffairThe leading UK tour operator to Canada will be offering savings of up to 140pp during its winter sale. This includes a threenigh
3、t city break to Toronto, including return flights, for just 399, if you book before 24 December. Other deals continue until 31 December.canadianaffair. comThomson and First ChoiceSome deals are being launched this week by Thomson and First Choice, with early booking offers including free places for
4、kids, lower deposits and up to 300 off per couple on a lot of destinations.thomson. co. uk, firstchoice. co. ukEurocampThe camping company is offering thousands of Easter and May halfterm holidays for under 350, such as an Easter break at La Baume on the French Riviera for just 25 a night, based on
5、a stay in a twobedroom holiday home. Early bookers can save up to 25% and secure a holiday with a deposit of just 99.eurocamp. co. uk2KuoniRunning from Christmas Eve, the Kuoni sale includes a wide range of offers. These offers include ten nights full board in the Maldives from 1,599 and seven night
6、s in Phuket, Thailand from 999 per person both including flights and transfers (换乘)kuoni. co. uk语 篇 解 读 ： 本 文 是 一 篇 应 用 文 。 文 章 介 绍 了 几 个 旅 游 公 司 提 供 的 优 惠 活 动 。21How long may you stay in Perth with Austravel?AOne month. BTwo weeks.COne week. DFour nights.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据 Austravel 部分中的“It also inclu
7、des a fortnightlong trip to Perth”可知，Austravel 提供给游客为期 14 天的 Perth 之游。fortnight 意为“两周，十四天” 。22What does the author say about Thomson and First Choice?AIt requires no deposit.BIt offers cheap return flights.CIt is suitable for family travel.DIt can save up to 300 per person.解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据 Thomson an
8、d First Choice 部分中的“including free places for kids, lower deposits and up to 300 off per couple”可知，Thomson and First Choice 提供对孩子免费的地方，以及针对夫妇的折扣。所以它对家庭出游来说很合适。23What do Eurocamp and Kuoni have in common?ABoth have various offers.BBoth include flights.CBoth offer a discount for early booking.DBoth ne
9、ed a deposit to secure a holiday.解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据 Eurocamp 部分中的“The camping company is offering thousands of Easter and May halfterm holidays”可知，Eurocamp 提供数千种假日出游选择；根据 Kuoni 部分中的“the Kuoni sale includes a wide range of offers”可知，Kuoni 也为游客提供各种各样的出游选择。所以选 A。B(2018安徽省“江淮十校”联考)Fourthgrade teacher Tori
10、Nelson allowed one of her students to shave her head in the schoolyard, after bullies (仗势欺人者) 3teased him about his own buzz cut. Ms Nelson got the idea after noticing that Matthew Finney, a shy boy from her homeroom at Winlock Miller Elementary School in Washington State, was standing outside his c
11、lassroom crying and wearing a winter hat.Ms Nelson could see the back of his neck had been shaved, and since Matthew usually had very thick curly brown hair, she realized that hed had a haircut over the weekend. She asked him what was wrong, and he said hed gotten a buzz cut for the summer. But this
12、 morning, a fifth grader on the bus made fun of him, and he didnt want to come to class and get teased by other kids. Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside, but since school rules prohibited kids from wearing hats indoors he refused explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut t
13、o the other children in case they also made fun of him.“Finally I said, If you take your hat off and come to class, Ill let you give me a buzz cut too， ” Ms Nelson told Yahoo Parenting. “I figured its just hair, and mine is already short anyway. I might as well get it shorter in time for the warm we
14、ather.”Matthew excitedly took her up on the offer, and Ms Nelson and another teacher gathered all the fourth graders together during break time. A school employee brought in scissors, which Matthew used to the cheers of his classmates, excitedly watching as their teachers hair fell away onto the gro
15、und in the schoolyard.“It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself， ” said Ms Nelson. “You have to do what it takes to reach children. Teaching isnt just about reading and writing; its about selfworth and accepting differences.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小男孩 Matthew 因新发
16、型被其他孩子嘲笑而不敢进教室，女老师 Tori Nelson 通过让 Matthew 帮她剪同样的发型来安慰、鼓励他的故事。24What mainly led to Matthews standing outside the classroom?AHis fear of being laughed at.BHis unwillingness to learn.CHis violating school rules.DHis not finishing his homework.4解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容尤其是“explaining that he was afraid of
17、showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him”可知，Matthew 不进教室的主要原因是他害怕被其他孩子嘲笑。故选 A。25Why did Ms Nelson have her head shaved?ATo show sympathy for Matthew.BTo comfort and encourage Matthew.CTo prepare for the warm weather.DTo show her unique personality.解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据文章
18、主旨以及第一段的内容和第三段中的“If you take your hat off and come to class, Ill let you give me a buzz cut too”可知，Matthew 因新发型而受到仗势欺人者的嘲笑，因害怕也被同学嘲笑，他不敢进教室，Nelson 老师想出了让 Matthew 给她剪一个相同的发型的主意来帮助 Matthew 敢于面对他的同学。由此可知，Nelson 老师这样做的目的是安慰并鼓励 Matthew。故选 B。26What is Ms Nelson like?AResponsible and caring.BKnowledgeable
19、and creative.CHumorous and easygoing.DStout and determined.解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Nelson 老师在知道自己的学生Matthew 因新发型遭到嘲笑，并暗自伤心，害怕也被同学嘲笑而拒绝进教室的情况之后，她决定让 Matthew 当众为其剪同样的寸头发型，以此安慰并鼓励 Matthew，而不是将此事抛诸脑后，置之不理。由此可看出，Nelson 老师是一位负责任的、关心他人的人。故选A。27What is the best title of the passage?AThe real meaning of teachi
20、ngBStand up to school bullyingCTeach kids to respect differencesDA haircut full of love解析：选 D 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，Matthew 因新发型被学校里的仗势欺人者欺负、嘲笑，进而使他因害怕被其他同学嘲笑而不敢进教室，女老师 Tori Nelson 通过让Matthew 帮她剪同样的发型来安慰、鼓励他，使他最终有勇气来面对这一欺凌现象。由此可知。D 项作本文标题最佳。C“Once there was the Stone Age, then the Bronze Age, and now we are
21、in the 5middle of the Plastic Age， ” said teenager Boyan Slat. “Every year, we produce 300 million tons of plastic. Much of it reaches our oceans.”At the age of 16, Boyan Slat scuba dived off Greece in the Mediterranean Sea seeing more rubbish floating on and under the surface. He said, “At first, I
22、 thought I was swimming through strange jellyfish. Instead, I swam through more plastic bags than fish.” Seeing all the ocean trash, he asked himself， “Why not clean it up？”Slat quit his Aerospace Engineering studies to create www. theoceancleanup. com in order to fund his research on how to pick up
23、 all the plastic trash floating on the oceans of the world. Researchers discovered that 46, 000 pieces of plastic float on every square mile of the oceans, produced by billions of humans around the planet throwing their plastic into rivers, streams and directly into the oceans. Whats worse, plastic
24、does not break down.Today, we find plastic in the tissue of about every creature in the oceans. Additionally, millions of tons of plastic gather in giant oceangoing garbage patches (垃圾带). You may Google “The Great Pacific Garbage Patch”. It grows from 60 to 90 feet deep in places. It kills millions
25、of sea birds, turtles, sharks, dolphins and whales.Being a brilliant, innocent teenager, Boyan Slat decided to construct designs of some equipment that would collect millions of tons of plastic floating on our oceans. He created a solarpowered trawler (拖网渔船) to pick up surface plastic, chew it up an
26、d store it in huge bins for collection. He also created floating booms (挡栅) that allow the oceans to sweep the plastic for efficient pickup. When you see the designs, they will blow your mind.Boyan Slat stands at the head of his class in creating solutions for the folly of humans. If ever humans nee
27、d leaders to stand up and be counted, we need more people like Boyan Slat to lead us out of damaging our planet home towards a biologically healthy future.语篇解读：16 岁的 Boyan Slat 设计出了专门用于收集海洋塑料垃圾的设备，为保护海洋生态系统作出了杰出的贡献。28Boyan Slat said we are in the Plastic Age because nowadays _.Athe use of plastic is
28、 all humans big concernBthere is too much plastic all over the worldCplastic threatens many creatures in the oceans6Dplastic is the most important material in our daily life解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，Boyan Slat 在说了我们处在塑料时代之后，紧接着说明我们每年制造大量塑料这一事实。由此可推知，他这样说是因为现在全世界有太多塑料。29The fourth paragraph mainly tells u
29、s _.Athe popularity of plasticBthe great harm caused by plastic rubbishCthe present situation of garbage patchesDthe relationship between plastic and animals解析：选 B 段落大意题。通读第四段可知，本段主要讲了被废弃在海洋中的塑料垃圾对海洋生物造成的巨大危害。30Which of the following were Boyan Slats efforts to fight against plastic rubbish on the o
30、ceans?aHe created floating booms.bHe created a rubbishpicking trawler.cHe invented special huge bins for collection.dHe started www. theoceancleanup. com to raise funds.Aa, b, d Ba, c, dCa, b, c Db, c, d解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第五段第二、三句可知，他创造了用来捡拾海洋垃圾的太阳能拖网渔船以及漂浮水栅；根据第三段第一句可知，他为清理海洋垃圾筹资而创建了 www. theoceanclean
31、up. com 这一网站。综上可知，应选 A 项。31Which of the following words can best describe Boyan Slat?AGenerous and hardworking.BCareful and strongwilled.CCheerful and friendly.DCreative and practical.解析：选 D 推理判断题。综合全文可知，Boyan Slat 在发现问题后便开始着手解决问题，并将想法付诸实践，达到了预期效果。由此可推知，他是个很务实的人。根据第五段介绍的他的发明可知，他很有创造力。故选 D 项。D(2018河南
32、洛阳外国语学校模拟)One of the strangest features of motherhood is that the vast majority of mothers prefer to cradle their babies in the left arm. Why should this be? The obvious explanation is that the majority of 7mothers are right handed and they wish to keep their right hand free.Unfortunately, this expl
33、anation cannot apply, because lefthanded mothers also favor their left arm for holding their babies. The precise figures are 83 percent for righthanded mothers and 73 percent for lefthanded mothers.The most likely explanation is that the mothers heart is on the left side and, by holding the baby in
34、her left arm, she is unconsciously bringing her baby closer to the sound of the heart beat. This is the sound the baby heard when it was inside the mothers womb and which is therefore an association with peace, comfort and security.Tests were carried out in nurseries where some babies were played th
35、e recorded sound of a human heart beat, and, sure enough, went to sleep twice as quickly as the others. We also know that the sound of mothers heart is quite audible inside the womb and that the unborn baby has a welldeveloped hearing.It is interesting that fathers show less of this leftside bias (偏
36、爱) than mothers, suggesting that the human female is better programmed than her partner for carrying a baby. Alternatively, she may unconsciously adjust her holding behavior to make baby fell more secure. Some new observations on our closest animals relatives, the chimpanzees and gorillas, have reve
37、aled that they also show a strong bias for holding their babies on the left side. The precise figures were 84 percent for chimpanzees and 82 percent for gorillas, remarkably close to the human percentages.Recently a possible additional value in cradling babies on the left side has been suggested. It
38、 has been pointed out that, because, the two sides of the brain are concerned with different aspects of behavior, it is possible that the mother, in cradling the baby to her left, is showing the baby her “best side”It is claimed that the emotions are expressed more strongly on the left side of the h
39、uman face and that she therefore gives the baby a better chance to read her emotional mood changes as it gazes up at her. Furthermore, the mothers left eye and ear are more tuned into emotional changes in her baby than her right eye and ear would be. So in addition to the babys seeing the more expre
40、ssive parts of its mother, there is further advantage that the mother herself is more sensitive to the leftheld baby. This may sound farfetched, but just possibly, it could provide a slight extra benefit for those mothers 8displaying the strange onesided bias when cradling their infants.How does a b
41、ias occur? Do the mothers have an instinctive preference for it, or do they learn it by trial and error, unconsciously adjusting the position of the babies until the babies are calmer? The surprising answer is that it seems to be the baby not the mother who controls the bias. Observation of new born
42、 infants when they were only a few hours old revealed that they come into the world with a preprogrammed tendency to turn their head to the right. If the new born baby is gently held in a dead central position and then released, it naturally swings to the right far more often than to the left. This
43、happens in nearly 70 percent of babies. This may be only a part of explanation, because the holding bias is 80 percent not 70 percent, but it adds a further intriguing chapter to the story.语 篇 解 读 ： 本 文 讨 论 的 是 为 什 么 大 多 数 母 亲 都 是 左 手 抱 婴 儿 。32How does the author develop Paragraph 1?ABy giving an ex
44、ample as a hook. BBy giving a general statement and narrowing it down.CBy asking a question and showing an answer.DBy explaining the importance of understanding a phenomenon.解析：选 C 写作手法题。根据第一段中的“Why should this be? The obvious explanation is that the majority of mothers are right handed and they wis
45、h to keep their right hand free.”可知， 第一句说明一个现象，并对此提出疑问，然后进行解释。由此可知，选项 C 符合题意。33The underlined word “audible”in Paragraph 3 means _.Asoft BclearCweak Ddistant解析：选 B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“.and that the unborn baby has a welldeveloped hearing”可知，还在子宫内未出生的婴儿有着发育健全的听力系统。由此可推知，B 项符合语境，即婴儿在子宫内时，母亲的心跳声是很清晰的。34Whats
46、 the main idea of Paragraph 5?AThe left side of the human face expresses emotions more strongly than the right.BA mothers left eye and ear are more sensitive to the emotional changes in her baby.CA baby may be more able to “read” its mothers emotions than was 9previously believed.DHolding her baby i
47、n the left arm may improve a mothers emotional communication with it.解析：选 D 段落大意题。根据第五段中的“It is claimed that the emotions are expressed more strongly on the left side of the human face and that she therefore gives the baby a better chance to read her emotional mood changes as it gazes up at her.”可知，
48、人的左半边脸的表情更加丰富，更有利于和孩子进行感情交流和沟通。因此 D 项符合语境。35What is the authors tone when he discusses why most mothers cradle their babies in the left arm?ACautious. BDisapproving.CSubjective. DFavorable.解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据文章里多处出现的语气不确定的词可知，作者探讨为什么大多数母亲都是左手抱婴儿这一问题的态度是比较谨慎的。例如第二段中 most likely explanation，第五段中的 a possib
49、le additional value, it is possible that ., but just possibly .以及第六段中的 This may be only a part of explanation .等。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)Ideas to Make Your School a Green CampusUniversities are doing everything they can to become a green campus. But there are also items students can do to make your campus more ecofriendly.Recycle everything, especially paper!There is
