1、34经贸英语词汇流通中经贸英语词汇经贸英语词汇(m0)money in circulation的现金(ml) narrow money狭义货币(m2) broad money广义货币a minimum living standard system最低生活保障系统account 帐户accounting equation会计等式accounting system会计系统all risks 一切险american accounting association 美国会计协会american institute of cpas美国注册会计师协会articulation勾稽关系assets 资产audi
2、t 审计bad account 坏帐balance sheet 资产负债表bear market 熊市blank endorsed 空白背书bookkeepking 簿记bull market 牛市business entity 企业个体capital stock 股本cargo receipt承运货物收据cash flow prospects现金流量预测catalogue 商品 目录certificate in internal auditing内部审计证书certificate in management accounting管理会计证书certificate public account
3、ant 注册会计师china securities regulatory commission中国证监会chinas big four commercial banks中国四大商业银行close-ended fund 封闭式基金commission 佣金consignee 收货人corporation 公司cost accounting 成本会计cost and freightcfr成本加运费价格cost insurance and freightcif成本力口运保费cost principle成本原贝 Ucreditor 债权人cut a melon 分红dead account 呆帐def
4、lation通货紧缩delivery 交货disclosure 批露dividend , bonus stock 股息，红禾downturn低迷时期endorsed 背书enforce stockholding system实行股份制expenses 费用export department 出口部external users 外部使用者f.p.a.(free from particular average) 平安险f.w.r.d.(fresh water rain damage)淡水雨淋险face value 面值fees for tax reform费改税financial accounti
5、ng贝才务会计financial accounting standards board贝才务会计准贝U委员会financial activities筹资活动financial forecast财务预测financial statement 贝才务报表foreign exchange reservers夕卜汇储备futures market期货市场generally accepted accounting principles公认会计原贝U通用目的信息general-purpose information genetically modified products 基因改良产品going-con
6、cern assumption持续经营假设government accounting office govern 会计办公室hook damage 钩损险import department 进口部income statement 损益表income tax 所得税indicative price参考价格inflation 通货膨涨inquiry 询盘institute of internal auditors内部审计师协会institute of management accountants管理会计师协会integrity 整合性internal auditing 内部审计internal c
7、ontrol structure 内部控制结构internal revenue service 国内收入署internal users 内部使用者investing activities投资活动knowledge-based economy 知识经济labour-intensive economy劳动密集型经济liabilities 负债management accounting管理会计marine bills of lading 海运提单national bonds 国债nationalize ; nationalization 国有化negative cash flow 负现金流量non-
8、performing loan 不良贷款non-work income非劳动收入notify 被通知人open-ended fund开放式基金operating activities 经营活动order 订货outstanding of deposits 存款余额owners equity 所有者权益partial shipment 分批装运partnership合伙企业positive cash flow正现金流量press conference记者招待会price list 价目表privatize ; privatization 私有化proactive fiscal measures积
9、极的贝才政政策promote independent decision making by state ownedenterprises提高企业自主权public relations department 公关部 publicly owned economy公有经济recession 衰退时期rectify the market order 整顿市场秩序reduce states stake in listed companiesrestraint of trade贸易管制retained earning留存利润return of investment投资回报return on investm
10、ent投资报酬revenue 收入risk of intermixture and contaminationrisk of leakage 渗漏险risk of odor 串味险risk of rust 锈蚀险sales terms and conditions 销售条件securities and exchange commissionshareholding system; joint-stock systemshipping order 托运单shortage risk 短缺险sole proprietorship 独资企业solvency 清偿能力国有股减持混杂、玷污险证券交易委员会
11、股份制specification 规格stable-dollar assumption加急定货币彳段设state stock reduction国有股减持statement of cash flow现金流量表statement of financial position贝才务状况表steady monetary policies 稳健的货币政策stockholders 股东stockholders equity股东权益streghten the governments macro - regulatory functions加强govern宏观调控作用strikes risk 罢工险偷窃提货不
12、着险t.p.n.d.( theft,pilferage non-delivery)tax accounting 税务会计technology-intensive economy技术密集型经济the dow jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数the first majority shareholder第一大股东the hang seng index恒生指数thin trade交易薄弱to become the majority shareholder/to take a controllingstake控股to expand domestic demand 扩大
13、内需value-added tax 增值税w.a./w.p.a(with average or with particular average) 水渍险war risk 战争险window dressing 门面粉饰year-on-year与去年同期数字相 比 的bull market 牛市，多头市场bear market 熊市，空头市场股息，红禾 1 dividend or bonus stock国 民生产总值 gnp (gross national product)人均国民生产总值 per capita gnp产值 output value鼓励 give incentive to投入inp
14、ut宏观控制 exercise macro-control优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure输入活力 bring vigor into改善经济环境 improve economic environment整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation非公有成分 non-public sectors主要成分 dominant sector实在的tangible全体会议 plenary session解放 生产力 liberate/unshackle/release
15、the productiveforces引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley举措move实事求是 seek truth from facts引进、输入 importation和平演变 peaceful evolution试一下 have a go (at sth.)精华、精粹、实质 quintessence家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system搞活企业 invigorate enterprises商品经济 commodity economy基石 cornerstone零售retail发电量 electric ene
16、rgy production有色金属 nonferrous metals人均收入 per capita income使负担 be saddled with营业发达的公司 going concerns被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business善于接受的 receptive增额、增值、增长increment发展过快 excessive growth抽样调查 data from the sample survey扣除物价上相长部分 price increase are deducted（excluded）实际增长率 actual growth rate国际收支
17、international balance of payments流通制度 circulation system总工资 total wages分酉已形式 forms of distribution风险资金risk funds管理不善 poor management一个中心、两个基本点 one central task and two basic points以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2） 党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义*思想、坚持改革开 放the central task refers to economic construction and twobas
18、ic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to communist party leadership, to the peoples democratic dictatorship and to marxism-leninism and mao zedong thought - and persisting in reform and opening.改革是社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展。reform is the self-perfection and self-develop
19、ment of thesocialist system.我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。the criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it bri
20、ngs about better living standards.社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。the main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.要人们警惕右和左的影响，特别是左
21、的根深蒂固的影响。to warn people of the influence of both the right and theleft deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted left influence.中国要警惕右，但更要防左。china needs to be vigilant against the right deviation, but primarily, it should guard against the leftdeviation.资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。socialism and ca
22、pitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节 的范围将会扩大。as the reform further develops, the scope for mandatorystate plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forceswill be enlarged.初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。to establish at a preliminary l
23、evel a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.各尽所能，按劳/需分配。from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.经济结构改革。reform in economic structure剩余劳动力。surplus labor经营机制operative mechanism发挥市场的调节作用to give play to the regulatory role of the market经济和law的杠杆economic and le
24、gal leverages经济计划和市场调节相结合to combine economic planning with market regulation计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation取消国家对农产品的统购统销to cancel the states monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products改革重点转移到城市the focus of reform is shifted to the ci
25、ties国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设the basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts onsocialist modernization.逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成 为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。to modernize the countrys industry, agriculture, nationaldefence and science and technology step by step to turn china into a strong and pros
26、perous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民 所有制和劳动群众集体所有制the basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.国有经济
27、，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力 量。the state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。the state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.农业 farming林业 forestry畜牧业 animal husbandry副业 sideline
28、 production渔业 fishing第一产业 primary industry第二产业 secondary industry第三产业 tertiary industry生产资料 means of production生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence生产关系 relations of production生产力 productive forces公有制 public ownership私有制 private ownership全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people社会主义集体所有制socialist co
29、llective ownership厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise合资企业 joint venture合作企业 cooperative enterprise独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise世界贸易组织 world trade organization中 国人民专艮行 peoples bank of china信息产业部 ministry of information industry国家发展计戈U委员会 s
30、tate development planning commission贷款无力偿还loan defaults船务公司 shipping service company非商标（非专禾【J）产品 generic products加急健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy超前7肖费 deficit spending(至监艮行)挤兑 run on banks对农业的国内支持 domestic support to agriculture特种债券 special bonds富裕经济 economy of abundance年复合增长率 caga (compound annual
31、growth average)动物源性蛋白 animal-based protein转基因组织 gmo (genetically modified organism)视频点播 vod (video-on-demand)音频点播 aod (audio-on-demand)市场准人的行政管理措施 aama : administrative aspects of market access亚太工商咨询理事会 abac : apec business advisory council亚太商业论坛 abf: apec business forum亚太通讯与数据系统 acds ： apec communi
32、cations and database system亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心 actetsme : apec center for technology exchange and training for small and medium enterprises亚洲开发银行 adb: asian development bank亚太经合组织经济领导人会议aelm : apec economic leaders meeting东盟自 由贸易区 afta : asean free trade area亚太经合组织部长级会议amm : apec ministerial meeting澳新紧密
33、经济关系协定anzcerta : australia new Zealandcloser economic relations trade agreement亚太商业网络 apb-net : asia-pacific business network亚太经济合作组织 apec : asia-pacific economic cooperation亚太 能源研究中心 aperc : asia pacific energy research center亚太 信息基 础设施 apii : asia-pacific information infrastructure亚太实 验室认可合作 aplac
34、 : asia pacific laboratory accreditation cooperation亚太法定计量论坛 aplmf : asia pacific legal metrology forum亚太计量程序 apmp : asia pacific metrology program东南亚国家联盟asean : association of south-east asiannations亚欧会议 asem : asia-europe meeting农业技术合作 atc : agricultural technical cooperation中央处理器 cpu(central proc
35、essing unit)计算机辅助设计 cad(computer-aided design)互联网普及率 internet penetration网民 cyber citizen网络犯罪cyber crime网络城市，虚拟城市cyber city数字鸿沟 digital divide智能学校 smart schools多功能卡 multipurpose card软件开发 software development内容开发 content development数字化商业digital business信 息 化 informationization, network-based informat
36、ion flow软件包 software packages申请注册域名 domain name application and registration虚拟空间 virtual space局域网 intranet脑图 mind map便携 式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer个人数字助理 pda-personal digital assistant掌上电脑 palm computer路由器router网络管理员 network administrator网络经济 cyber economy以太网ethernet月艮务提供者 isp-i
37、nternet service provider网络计算机 nc： network computer多媒体个人电脑 mpc: multimedia personal computer多媒体扩展 mmx:是 multimedia extensions兆赫 mhz mega hertz视频图形阵歹U vga:video graphics array三维摄影室 3d studio: three dimension studio虚拟现实 vr: virtual reality原始设备制造商 oem : original equipment manufacturer 即插即用 pnp : plug an
38、d play乐器数字接 口 midi : musical instrument digital interface运动图像专家组 mpeg:motion picture experts group域名 domain name拨号连接 dial-up connection海关类customs bond海关担保surety company担保公司principle 本人carrier 承运人attorney代理人/委托人freight forwarder货运代理负连带责任jointly and severally liable forliquidated damages违约贝音偿金solvency
39、 偿付能力security 抵押品/保证金power of attorney 委托书make a complete entry正式/完整申报cfr(code of federal regulations)美国联邦政府行政法规汇编bill of lading 提单condemned goods 有问题的货物customs liquidation 清关customs clearance 结关court costs 诉讼费用disposition of merchandise货物处置债转股 debt-to-equity swapus港元的联系汇率制the linkage system between
40、 thedollar and the hk dollar坏帐、呆帐、死帐 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against 通货紧缩deflation通货膨胀inflation三营酉己额产品 quota-free products非生产性投资 investment in non-productive projects风险管理 /评估 risk management/ assessment风险基金 venture capital风险准备金 l
41、oan loss provision/ provisions of risk搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scale国合企业 （即国有合作社）state-owned cooperatives国际收支 balance of international payments/ balance of payment国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment国家补贝占 public subsi
42、dies国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reserves合理弓 I 导消费 guide rational consumption季节性调价 seasonal price adjustments既成事实 established/accomplished facts技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development劳动密集性企业 la
43、bor-intensive enterprises乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises千年问题、千年虫 millennium bug企业技术改造 technological updating of enterprises企业亏损补贝占
44、subsidies to cover enterprise losses实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针pursuingpractical results, adopting various waysand seeking commondevelopment/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development瓶颈制约 a bottleneck ” restrictions皮包公司 fl
45、ying-by-night company; bogus company放松银根 ease monetary policy流动人口 floating population企业的 自我约 束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises贪图安逸 crave comfort and pleasure消费膨胀 inflated consumption信息化 informationize无氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator无名氏交易 paperless transaction适销对路的产品 readily marketable product
46、s倒爷 profiteer机构臃肿 overstaffing in (government) organizations机构重叠 organizational overlapping禾改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery经常性的财政收入 regular revenues慢性萧条 chronic depression双重轨制 two-tier system / double-track system就业前培训 pre-job training岗位培训 on-the-job training对夕卜项目承包 foreign project contracting劳务合作 labor service cooperation外援方式 modality of foreign aid自 1999 年 1 月 1 日起实行 come into official enforcement as of january 1, 1999所有制形式 forms of ownership以试点的形式实行外贸
