1、最新中考英语短语动词基础练习题一、短语动词1Why did you come late again?Because my alarm clock didnt _ this morning.A. go offB. go outC. go awayD. go over【答案】A【解析】 【分析】考 的辨析。 go off “ 出响声 ”; go out “出去 ”; go away“离开”; go over “ ”。答 句意 “因 今天早上我的 没响。 ”故 A。2 Do you think my classmates will laugh at me? Maybe. But I think yo
2、u are right.A. go out withB. make friends with【答案】CC. make jokes about【解析】 【分析】句意: 你 得我的同学 在嘲笑我 ? 也 是,但是我 得你是 的。 laugh at 嘲笑; go out with 和 出去;与 会; make friends with 与 交朋友; make jokes about 开 的玩笑。故 C。【点 】考 短 辨析。3 In fact, many countrieshave _ some effective(有效的) policies to controlthepopulation.A. c
3、arry outB. taken outC. carried outD. thought out【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意: 上, 多国家已 采取了有效政策控制人口。施;施行。 take out 取出; think out 想出。根据have 可知用 去分 ,故 carry out C。实【点 】考 短 。4 Excuse me, may I take a seat here? Of course.A. sitB. sleepC. smoke【答案】A【解析】 【分析】句意:打 一下,我可以坐 儿 ?当然。 take a seat 坐下, sit坐; sleep 睡眠; smoke 抽烟
4、。故 A。【点 】考 短 。5The box is too heavy to carry. Whats in it?Oh, it is_ booksA. filled withB. covered withC. used forD. asked for【答案】A【解析】 【分析】句意: 箱子重得搬不 。里面是什么?。噢,它装 了 。befilledwith 意 “用装 ”; be covered with 意 “用 覆盖 ”; be usedefor 意 “用来做”; be asked for 意 “ 求 ”。根据句意重得搬不 , 是装 了 。故答案 A。【点 】考 短 be filled w
5、ith, 同 be full of6The boats take different routes, but they all_ in the same place.A. give upB. clear upC. end upD. make up【答案】 C【解析】 【分析】句意 : 些船走不同的路 ,但是他 的 点都在同一个地方。give up 放弃; clear up 清理干 ; end up 束; make up 造,弥 。根据句意可知,船走的路 不同,但是都在同一个地方 束,即都去同一个地方。故 C。【点 】考 短 。7Do you know who _ my umbrella? I
6、cant find it.Sorry. I went out just now.A. took awayB. took upC. took offD. took out【答案】 A【解析】 【分析】句意:-你知道 拿走了我的雨 ?我找不到了。- 不去,我 才出去了。 take away 拿走; take up 拿起;从事;take off 脱掉;起 ; take out 取出。根据句意,故答案 A。【点 】考 短 辨析,熟 take 构成的短 ,根据句意判断答案。8- Look!Smiths are playing basketball.- Letsthem.A. The; join inB.
7、 The; joinC. A; join inD. A; join【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:看!史密斯一家正在打 球。 我 和他 一起打 球吧。“ the+姓氏名 的复数”表示 “一家 ”或 “夫 ” , Smiths史密斯姓氏复数,故前用the;而 joinsb.和某人在一起,join them 和他 一起打球故 B。【点 】定冠 (the) ; 辨析。9 How long does it take you to prepare for the English exam? It takes me about one week and a half.A. take offB. deci
8、de onC. get ready for【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意: 你准 英 考 花了多 ? 花了一个半周。 prepare for 做准 ; take off 脱下;起 ; decide on 决定; get ready for 做准 。故 。【点 】考 短 辨析。10 The street will be flooded when it rains heavily.A. filled with carsB. filled with peopleC. filled with water【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意:当雨下得太大 , 条街会被淹没。 flood 译为 “淹没 ”;
9、 A.装 了 ; B.装 了人; C.装 了水。 合句意 C。【点 】考 短 辨析。11 We believe we can _ a way to solve the problem of pollution in the future.A. catch up withB. come up withC. put offD. set off【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:我 相信我 将来能想出 法解决 染 。catch up with赶上; come up with 想出;提出; put off 推 ;延期; set off 出 ;引爆。故 B。【点 】考 短 辨析。12 When are y
10、ou going tofor Shanghai?Tomorrow morning.A. get offB. turn offC. take offD. set off【答案】D【解析】 【分析】句意:你打算什么 候 身去上海?明天早上。getoff下 ;turn off关掉;take off脱下;set off出 ; 身。故 D。【点 】考 短 辨析。13 There was a rainstorm yesterday. The flood _ the old bridge over the small river.A. washed awayB. went awayC. kept awayD
11、. ran away【答案】 A【解析】 【分析】句意:昨天有一 暴 雨。洪水冲走了小河上的旧 。wash away冲走; go away 离开; keep away 使 离; run away 逃跑。根据句意,故答案 A。【点 】考 短 辨析,熟 与 away 构成的 短 ,在理解句意的基 上判断答案。14 I would rather _ hiking than _ swimming.A. to go , to goB. going, going【答案】 CC. go ,goD. go, going【解析】【分析】句意: 我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考 的句型是wouldrathe
12、r do sth. than do sth.,宁愿做 也不愿做 ,两部分中都用 的原形。故 C。【点 】考 。15 As a kind of important energy, coal (煤炭) can _ one day.A. keep outB. run outC. be run outD. run out of【答案】B【解析】 【分析】短 runout意 “用完,耗尽(主 是物)”, keep out “阻止 入 ”,run out of用完“ 西(主 是人)”; C 是被 形式,其后 加介 of,故 B。16 Can I _ a few minutes of yours to ta
13、lk about how to deal with the old books? Sure.A. set upB. open upC. take upD. put up【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意:我能占用你几分 的 如何 理旧 ?当然可以。 A 立, B 开通, C 占据, D 建造,根据a few minutes,可知是占用 ,故 C。【点 】考 短 辨析,注意根据a few minutes的 境 合适的用法。17 How was your May Day holiday?Just so so, I tried to find a place to park my car near H
14、e Garden, but they were all _.A. looked upB. taken upC. put upD. turned up【答案】 B【解析】 【分析】句意:你的五一假期 得怎么 ?一般般,我努力地在花园附近找地方停 ,但是他 都被占了。looked up 找;taken up占据;put up ;turned up出现,把声音开大。根据句意可知,这里说的停车位都被占了,故答案为B。【点评】此题考查动词短语和动词的被动语态的用法,平时注意记忆和区分短语动词的意义和用法。还要注意记忆不规则动词的被动语态。18 Hey, Tom. _ the waste paper an
15、d throw it into the bin. You cant throw it here.Sorry.A. Take upB. Pick upC. Make up【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:- 你好, Tom。请捡起废纸,把它扔进垃圾桶。你不能把它扔在这儿。-对不起。根据句意,结合短语区别:take up,占用时间,空间;pick up,捡起;make up,化妆,组成。故答案为:B.19 “OneBelt(带),One Road” willserve to_marketsfor China as well as othercountries along A. put upB. s
16、et upC. take upD. open up【答案】 D【解析】 【分析】句意:“一带一路 ”将会对中国和其他的国家开放服务市场。A.put up 举起,张贴; B.set up 建立; C.take up 占据,从事; D.open up 开放;结合句意和语境可知是开放市场。故答案为 D。【点评】考查短语动词。牢记固定动词短语的意义。20 May Day is on the way. Many shops haveA. put onB. put uphuge posters with the wordC. put away“ SALE” .D. put off【答案】B【解析】 【分析
17、】句意:五一节就要到了,许多商店都贴上了写着促销 巨幅海报。 A. puton 穿上; B. put up 张贴; C. put away 放好; D. put off 推迟。结合句意和语境可知,应该是 张贴 。故答案为 B。【点评】考查短语动词。熟练掌握短语的意义和用法。21 The writers new book will _ next month.A. come inB. come onC. come outD. come into【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意:这个作家的新书将于下月出版。A. come in 进来;B. comeon快点,加油;C. come out 出来,出现,
18、出版;D. come into 进入。根据 “新书 ”可知是将要 “出版”了;故答案为C。【点评】考查动词短语。熟记短语的意义和用法。22 Many scientists have _ that we will face more serious environmental problems if wecant come up with solutions to deal with pollution.A. looked outB. called out【答案】CC. pointed out【解析】 【分析】句意:许多科学家指出,如果我们不能想出解决污染的办法,我们将面临更严重的环境问题。A.
19、looked out 小心,当心;B.called out 唤起,出动;C.pointed out 指出。根据句意可知,这件事是由科学家们指出来的,故答案为C。【点评】考查短语动词。理解句意并掌握短语的意义和用法。23 According to my brother, fishing is an excellent hobby to_.A. pick upB. take upC. put upD. turn up【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:根据我哥哥的说法,钓鱼是可以从事的一种非常优秀的爱好。A.pick up捡起;B.take up从事;C.put up张贴;D.turn up出现。根
20、据take up a hobby从事一种爱好,故答案为B。【点评】考查短语动词。牢记动词短语。24 Have they thought of ways to solve the problem?Yes. They havesuggestions of their own.A. come up withB. had no idea forC. cancelled out【答案】A【解析】 【分析】句意:他们已经想出了解决问题的方法了吗?是的。他们已经想出了他们自己的建议。A. 想出, B. 没有主意, C. 取消,根据thought of,据 Yes,可知应该是已经想出建议,故选A。【点评】考查
21、动词短语。根据语境选出合适的选项,牢记这些短语。想出,和 Yes, 根25 Why do you want toyour job? You did really well. Because I just want to join my husbands company and give him support.A. give outB. give inC. give up【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意:你为什么想要放弃你的工作?你做得真的很好。因为我只是想要加入我丈夫的公司,支持他。A. 分发,发出, B. 屈服, C. 放弃,要加入丈夫的公司,需要放弃现在的工作,故选C。【点评】考查动词短
22、语。根据句意确定正确的选项,并牢记三个短语。26 The government will focus on solving the problem of heavy burdens on the students.Thats good news for us. We have too much work to do after school.A. give a hand toB. give attention toC. take part in【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:政府会集中精力解决学生们的重负问题。那对我们来说是一个好主意。我们放学后不得不做太多的作业。根据语境可知在,也就是注意
23、,关注,give attention to, give a hand to:focus on :把焦点放帮助, take part in: 参加,故选B。【点评】考查短语动词。根据语境选出和划线词意思相近的短语,确保句子通顺。27 What good news! Eric will be a delegate of MUN and will set off for New York nextMonday.Yes, he made it as last. Im sure his cultural exchange will be educationalA. leave forB. be away
24、 fromC. go on a trip to【答案】A【解析】 【分析】句意:多好的新闻!Eric 将会是代理联合国的代表,下星期一动身去纽约。 是的,他最后成功了。我确信他的文化交流会有教育意义。set off for: 动身去,相当于leave for, 故选 A。【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境判断出划线词的意义,选出意义相同的选项,确保替代后句子通顺,意思不变。28 To make thestory shorter,Mr. Trent advised me to _ the parts that are notinteresting.A. find outB. try outC. cu
25、t outD. give out【答案】 C【解析】 【分析】句意:为了使得这个故事更短,Trent 先生建议我删掉那些没有意思的东西。 A.find out 找出; B.try out尝试; C.cut out 剪掉; D.giveout 捐赠。根据本句话提到make the story shorter 和 not interesting ,可知空缺处应该是删掉,cut out ,故选 C。【点评】考查了短语辨析,注意cut out ,剪掉。29 Kelly doesnt _ her mother at all. Her mother has a round face while Kelly
26、 has asquare face.A. look afterB. think aboutC. take afterD. worry about【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意:Kelly 一点都不嫌你个她的母亲,她妈妈有一个圆的脸而Kelly 有一个方的脸。 A.look after 照顾, B.think about 考虑, C.take after 长得像, D.worry about 担心。根据后句话提到她妈妈和她不像,可知空缺处填入长起来像,take after ,故选 C。【点评】考查了短语动词,注意take after 的用法。30 The children in rural areas have few books to read. Lets _ some books to them.Great, it is a good idea.A. give awayB. hand outC. take outD. put out【答案】A【解析】 【分析】句意:-在农村地区的孩子们有很少的书去阅读。让我们捐赠一些书给他们吧。分析选项:give away 捐赠; hand out 分发; take out 拿出来; put out 扑灭。结合句意表示捐赠之意,因此选择第一项。故选A【点评】考查词组的用法。