1、（英语）中考英语总复习- 英语阅读理解及解析一、英语阅读（日常生活类）1阅读下面的材料.从每小题所给的A、B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。Dear Lucy,How are you? It has been a month since my family left Hong Kong for England and we are fine. England is very different from Hong Kong. The weather is terrible and it rains a lot. Thebuildings are funny. They are in ro
2、ws and not high. I love them because the rooms are much larger. Im having a wonderful at my new school and my new home!Mum and Dad are happy with their new jobs. But my brother Jack doesnt like moving to England because he misses his friends so much.Ive made lots of new friends at school. My teacher
3、s are really nice too and my English has improved a lot. After school, we can take part in relaxing activities such as sport, watching filmsor playing computer games. Theres a park near the school where I often go with the other students at the weekend.We are travelling back to Hong Kong for the sum
4、mer holiday. I will visit you and bring you a present!Write back soon!Love,Sandy（ 1） Where did Sandys family live before?A. Hong Kong. B. Sydney. C. New York. （2） Sandy loves the buildings in England because their rooms are A. cheaper B. warmer C. newer.D. London.D. larger（ 3） How many people are th
5、ere in Sandys family?A. 2.B. 4.C. 6.D. 8.（ 4） Who does not like moving to England?A. Dad.B. Mum.C. Jack.D. Sandy.（ 5） What is the letter mainly about?A. Sandys summer holiday.B. Sandys parents.C. Sandys new classmates.D. Sandvs new life.【答案】 （ 1） A（2） D（3） B（4） C（5） D【解析】 【分析】文章大意：Sandy 向 Lucy 介绍了他一
6、家从香港搬到英国后的生活状况。（ 1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句It has been a month since my family left Hong Kong forEngland and we are fine. 理解可知， Sandy 以前住在香港，故选A。（ 2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 They are in rows and not high. I love them because the rooms are much larger.理解可知， Sandy 喜欢英国房子的原因就是比香港的大很多，故选D。（ 3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Mum and Dad are hap
7、py with their new jobs. But mybrother Jack doesnt like moving to England because he misses his friends so much.理解可知，Sandy 一家有四口人，故选B。（ 4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句But my brother Jack doesnt like moving to Englandbecause he misses his friends so much.可知， Jack不喜欢搬家到英国，故选C。（ 5）理解归纳题。通读全文可知此文主要介绍了Sandy 到英国以后的新生活，故选D
8、。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。2阅读理解According to a 2018 study from San Francisco State University, nearly 2. 4 billion people around the world used a smartphone in 2017. By the end of 2019, more than a third of the global population will be using a smartphone.H
9、owever, smartphone technology can be a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it sends us unlimited amounts of information. On the other hand, using a smartphone may become an addiction.Erik Peper and Richard Harvey are both health education professors at San Francisco State university. They led the s
10、tudy. Peper explains that smartphone addiction forms connections in the brain that are similar to drug addiction.And these connections form slowly over time. Also, addiction to social media may affect our emotional state. The two professors asked 135 university students about their habit of smartpho
11、ne use and their feelings. They found that students who used their phones the most reported higher levels of feeling lonely, depressed and anxious.Peper and Harvey do not blame users for their technology addiction. They believe it is the tech industrys desire to make more money that is to blame for
12、the technology addiction. The researchers warm that workers in the technology industry know how to control our brains andturn us into addicts.But the researchers say that we can limit our brains to be less addicted to our phones and computers. Enk Peper suggests timing off our phones before we sleep
13、 or do something important. The researchers also suggest taking control of when and where you answer texts or emails. You do not need to answer them all. And you certainly dont need to answer them as soon as you get them. They also suggest putting limits on the time you spend on social media. If you
14、 want to catch up with friends on Facebook, set aside a small amount of time to it. You should focus on important tasks and do not allow technology to disturb you.（ 1） What can we infer from Paragraph 1?A. Smartphone use has become extremely common.B. Most young people cant live without smartphones.
15、C. Smartphones make our life more colorful and convenient.D. Most people consider smartphones as the greatest invention.（2） The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means smartphone technology_.A. has a brilliant futureB. can be better than most people thinkC. has both advantages and disadvantagesD. c
16、an give us unlimited amounts of information（ 3） What did Enk Peper and Richard Harvey find about smartphone use?（ 4） What does the last paragraph mainly want to tell us?（ 5） Which of the followings is True?A. We can use smartphones to deal with loneliness.B. An addiction cant be controlled if we sti
17、ll use smartphones.C. There were nearly 2. 4 billion people using smartphones in the world in 2017.D. Stop using smartphones if you dont know when and where you should answer the emails.【答案】 （ 1） A（ 2） C（ 3） D（ 4） D（ 5） C【解析】 【分析】【文章大意】本文讲述了智能手机的利与弊。一方面，它向我们发送无限的信息。另一方面，使用智能手机可能会成为一种瘾。（ 1）判断推理题。根据 n
18、early2.4 billion people around the world used a smartphone in 2017By the end of 2019more than a third of the global population will be using a smartphone.201，全球近24 亿人使用智能手机。到2019 年底，全球超过三分之一的人口将使用智能手机。可知，智能手机的使用已经变得非常普遍。故选A。（ 2 ）句意猜测题。根据后一句On the one hand it sends us unlimited amounts ofinformation.
19、On the other handusing a smartphone may become an addictionr一方面，它向我们发送无限量的信息。另一方面，使用智能手机可能会成为一种瘾。可以推测出，智能手机技术可能是一把双刃剑，既有优点又有缺点。故选C。（ 3）细节理解题。根据 They found that students who used their phones the most reportedhigher levels of feeling lonelydepressed and anxious他们发现使用手机的学生报告说，他们感到孤独、沮丧和焦虑的程度更高。可知，它会在很
20、多方面损害学生的情绪状态。故选D。（ 4）推理判断题。 But the researchers say that we can limit our brains to be lessaddicted to our phones and compute 但是研究人员说，我们可以限制我们的大脑对手机和电脑的上瘾程度。以及内容，可以推测出，最后一段是告诉我们，有办法处理智能手机使用上瘾。故选D。（ 5）根据第一段 nearly 2 4 billion people around the world used a smartphone in 2017. 2017年，全球近 24 亿人使用智能手机。结合
21、选项 A，我们可以用智能手机来对付孤独。 B、如果我们仍然使用智能手机，就无法控制一个插件。 C、2017 年世界上有近 24 亿人使用智能手机。 D、如果你不知道何时何地应该回复邮件，就不要使用智能手机。综上所述，可知第三个符合文章内容。故选 C。【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。3阅读理解At some point in life, many people develop a mental（精神） pr
22、oblem.While most people get over it, for others it doesnt go away easily.The WHO says that about 20 percent of teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness. Itsthought that the number of teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020. It will become one of the main ca
23、uses of illness, and even death.In China, the picture isnt bright, either. About one tenth of teenagers under the age of 17 havea mental health challenge.The world is changing fast. Study and relationships have always caused stress, but today thestress is much higher than before, the WHO said.A rese
24、arch centre in Oxford University says that young people today have big stresses at school.For example, they experiencebullying （欺凌） . In a 2017 report, thecentrenoted thattheInternet was a special source（渠道） of stress. Online,young peopleoftensee messagesabout perfectionand this causes the young gre
25、at uncertaintyabout their futures, says thecentre.Also, according to China Daily, Chinese people dont ask for help with their mental problems.They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble. ElainePeng, a US mental health educator, makes a similar point. And
26、 in the UK, over three quarters ofyoung people believe their mental problems have a socialstigma. It is reported in 2017 that aquarter of young UK people wouldnt ask for help if they developed a mental problem.Young peoplewho dont ask for help for their conditionmay be creating problemsforthemselves
27、 in the future. Elaine Peng warned that, If we hide our mental health, it may remain aproblem forever.My message for young people is, if you feel something is wrong within you ask for help, he told China Daily.（ 1） Which of the following is NOT the cause of stress according to the passage?A. Heavy s
28、choolworkB. Being bullied at school.C. Some information from the Internet.D. Certainty about the future.（ 2） Why dont Chinese people ask for help with their mental problems?A. They dont think them serious.B. They can get over them in time.C. They can keep their mental health secret.D. They are afrai
29、d of being looked down upon.（ 3） What does the underlined word stigma most probably mean in Chinese?A. 羞耻B印.象C援.助D危.害（ 4） Elaine Peng advised the teenagers with mental illness to _.A. think less of themselvesB. avoid being bulliedC. ask for help as soon as possibleD. stay away from the Internet.（ 5）
30、 The main purpose of the passage is to _.A. ask research centers for helpB. tell about teenagers stressesC. call public attention on teenagers with mental illnessD. show some different opinions from different countries【答案】 （ 1） D（ 2） D（ 3） A（ 4） C（ 5） C【解析】 【分析】大意：本文讲述世界上许多人有精神疾病，到2020 年世界上有一半的青少年患精
31、神方面的疾病。精神疾病将成为主要的疾病甚至导致死亡，研究表明引起精神异常的原因是压力过大而没有及时找医生疏导导致的。（ 1）细节题。根据 young people today have big stresses at school. they experience bullying（欺凌） . the Internet was a special source（渠道） of stress. 可知，研究表明压力的原因来自于过重的学业，学校的欺凌，已经互联网上一些不良信息导致的， D 描述与原文不一致，故选 D。（ 2）细节题。根据 They fear that others will think
32、 less of them if they say that they are inmental trouble. 可知，他们害怕其他人瞧不起他们，故选D。（ 3）词义猜测题。根据 And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe theirmental problems have a social stigma. 可知，在英国，超过 4 分之三的年轻人认为他们的精神疾病是社会的耻辱，推出 stigma 的意思是 “羞耻 ”，故选 A。（ 4）推断题。根据 If we hide our mental health, it ma
33、y remain a problem forever. 可知，如果躲避我们的精神健康，它可能拥有是一个问题，推出Elaine Peng 建议患有精神疾病的青少年应尽快就医，故选C。（ 5）推断题。通过分析可知，作者讲述世界上越来越多的青少年患有精神疾病目的是唤起全社会对患有精神异常的青少年关注，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思。4阅读理解Did you take part in a camp this summer? There are so
34、 many summer camps and not all of them are the same. To choose which camp is best for you, first you must do a bit of research.Maybe youve never thought about it before, but every great summer camp has the same main goalsopportunity, challenge and growth.Opportunity means you are given a chance to d
35、o something special. It also makes you special because other kids dont have the same opportunity. For example, if you are interested in writing, then you can choose to join a journalism （新闻） camp. You may have the opportunity of meeting famous journalists there.Challenge means you are given a task.
36、You must finish the task and succeed in dealing with the challenge. Then you will have a sense of achievement. For example, you could take a lifeguard course at some summer camps. If you pass the exam, then you will receive a certificate （证书）to become a real lifeguard.This also leads to the third an
37、d most important goal of very great summer camppersonal growth. It doesnt mean growing taller and stronger or more beautiful. It means seeing yourself improve, learning something new and doing something you didnt know or believe you could do before. It also means becoming more confident in yourself.
38、So in the future when choosing your next summer camp, remember to ask yourself: Is it a special opportunity? Is it a challenge? Will I grow?But what about friendship, fun and joy? These will all happen naturally when you have the right goals at summer camps!（ 1） Which is the writers opinion?（ 2） Acc
39、ording to the passage, a camper feels successful when he _.A. joins the best camp B. finishes a hard task C. grows taller and stronger D. takes a special chance（ 3） The most important thing for a camper is to _.A. take opportunitiesB. grow more beautifulC. become better and more confidentD. learn ne
40、w life-saving skills（ 4） What does the last paragraph tell us?A. Its not important to have fun at a camp.B. Its hard to make real friends at a camp.C. You can get more joy with more goals at camp.D. With the right goals, you can have fun while learning at a camp.（ 5） Which is the best title for the
41、passage?A. What makes a camp great?B. Which is the best goal?C. How to be a successful camper?D. How to do research work?【答案】 （ 1） C（2） B（3） C（4） D（5） C【解析】 【分析】大意：本文讲述作者就如何成为一个成功的野营者给出了一些看法，每个好的夏令营都有相同的主要的目标机会，挑战和成长，让自己一边学到东西一边获得乐趣。（ 1）细节题。根据 but every great summer camp has the same main goalsoppor
42、tunity,challenge and growth. 可知，作者观点是所有好的夏令营都有相同的主要目标机会，挑战，成长，故选C。（ 2）细节题。根据 You must finish the task and succeed in dealing with the challenge. Then you will have a sense of achievement. 可知，每当野营者完成一次艰难的任务后会有成就感，故选 B。（ 3）推断题。根据 the third and most important goal of very great summer camp personal gro
43、wth. It means seeing yourself improve, learning something new and doing something you didnt know or believe you could do before. It also means becoming more confident in yourself. 可知，对于野营者而言，最重要的事是变得更好而且更自信，故选C。（ 4）段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述有用正确的目标，你便可以在夏令营中一边学到东西一边获得乐趣，故选 D。（ 5）主旨题。本文主要讲述如何成为一个成功的野营者的，故选C。【点评】
44、考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。5阅读理解Jenny wanted to encourage students to read more famous books, so she decided to put anintroduction to some interesting childrens story books in the school newspaper.The Little Prince （小王子）is a famous work writ
45、ten by French writer Antoine de Saint-Exup ry. In the book, the little prince leaves his own planet to explore the universe（宇宙） . Inhis journey, he finds that the adult world is really strange and boring. Finally, he goes back to his planet which is full of love. The book is really popular throughout the world.Charlottes Web （夏洛特的网） is a famous childrens novel written by American author E. B. White. The novel tells the story of a pig named Wilbur and his friendship with a spider named Charlotte on a farm. When
