1、【英语】完形填空和阅读理解知识点题型(word)一、完形填空1完形填空It is the first school that teaches us right and wrong. It is our dearest place that1usfrom danger. It is our family.In many2countries, extended families(大家庭) are common. In some big cities,families usually have three generations (一代人) living3the same house. While
2、in mostWestern countries, many people4nuclear families(核心家庭) .5the daytime,working parents send their children to their grandparents home or a daycare centre. And afterwork, they6the children back up.In China, its normal for parents to7childrens college tuition(学费) . After8,many parents also help fi
3、nd a job for their children, or buy an apartment for them. In Westerncountries,9, children are supposed to be quite independent after they reach the age of18. After graduation, parents usually wont cover most of their cost of living any10.Although families in the East and West may be different, they
4、 are the best places to warm usand teach us important values of love and care.1.A. protectingB. protected C. protects2.A. AsiaB. AsianC. Asians3.A. withB. inC. /4.A. likeB. haveC. prefer5.A. OutB. DuringC. Between6.A. pickB. sendC. go7.A. costB. payC. spend8.A. graduateB. graduated C. graduation9.A.
5、 butB. therefore C. however10. A. longB. longerC. short【答案】 ( 1) C;( 2) B;( 3) B;( 4) C;( 5)B;( 6)A;( 7) B;( 8) C;( 9)C;( 10)B;【解析】 【分析】短文大意:该文主要介绍了在东西方国家中人们关于家庭结构以及父母对孩子的责任的不同。( 1)句意:它是我们最亲爱的地方,保护我们免受危险。描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语是 place 故谓语动词是单三式,故选C。( 2)句意:在许多亚洲国家,大家庭是常见的。countries 是名词其前是形容词,Asian,亚洲的,是形容词,故
6、选B。( 3)句意:在一些大城市,家庭通常有三代人住在同一幢房子里。livewith ,和 .一起住,故选 B。( 4)句意:而在大多数西方的国家,许多人更喜欢的核心家庭。A 喜欢, B 有, C 更喜欢,此处是亚洲和西方国家的比较,故用更喜欢,故选C。( 5)句意:白天,工作的父母会把孩子送到祖父母家或托儿所。during the daytime,固定搭配,在白天,故选B。( 6)句意:下班后,他们把孩子接回来。根据白天送走可知,下班再接回来,pick sbback up,把某人接回来,故选A。( 7)句意:在中国,父母支付子女的大学学费是正常的。花费,人做主语,根据college tuit
7、ion可知是支付学费,故选A 花费,物做主语,B。B 支付, C( 8)句意:毕业后,许多父母还帮助孩子找工作,或为他们买公寓。名词, graduation 是名词,故选C。after是介词其后是( 9)句意:然而,在西方国家,孩子到十八岁后都应该是独立的。根据前文描述中国父母为孩子安排一切和be quite independent after they reach the age of 18西方国家的孩子18 岁后独立可知是转折关系,故用但是,有逗号用however ,故选 C。( 10)句意:毕业后,父母通常不再支付大部分生活费用。再,故选B。not any longer 固定搭配,不【点
8、评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。2 阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的A、 B、 C 三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。A primary school bus driverstopped the bus in a gas station because he had to use thebathroom. Instead of1the engine and taking the key with him, the2driver leftthe bus runni
9、ng. And he3to set the brake(刹车) because he was in a hurry. It was4outside, and I didnt want the temperatureof the coach to drop fast, he told a policeofficer.The bus5started moving away from the6. As the bus picked up speed, thekids began shouting and crying. Ten-year-old Jake7forward to the drivers
10、 seat and helpthe steering wheel(方向盘)immediately. He pressed hard on the brake pedal(踏板)andmanaged to stop the bus as it came nearer to a8. Jake turned off the engine at last. Afterthe9arrived at the scene, they praised Jake for his great effort and captured(捉拿)the driver.It would be hopeless if the
11、 car ran into the river, said the police officer.Jake wasntimpressed withwhathe had done.Stoppingthebus, he said, was as10 as playing Grand Theft Auto . It is his favourite action video game. He was not interested in being a hero at all.1.A. turning upB. turning offC. getting up2.A. smartB. carefulC
12、. careless3.A. decidedB. remembered C. forgot4.A. hotB. coldC. sunny5.A. slowlyB. safelyC. luckily6.A. bathroomB. bus stationC. gas station7.A. lookedB. ranC. swam8.A. fiverB. marketC. station9.A. parentsB. teachersC. policemen10. A. easyB. interestingC. dangerous【答案】( 1) B;( 2) C;( 3) C;( 4) B;( 5)
13、 A;( 6) C;( 7)B;( 8) A;( 9)C;( 10)A;【解析】 【分析】文章大意:讲述了一位粗心的司机去上厕所,没有关掉发动机,结果公共汽车自己向前跑去,十岁的男孩Jake用力按住刹车,没有让公共汽车掉进河里的故事。( 1)考查动词短语。句意:没有关掉发动机带走钥匙,这位粗心的司机让公共汽车运转着。 A. 开大点,出现, B. 关掉, C. 起床,根据 left the bus running 可知司机没有关掉发动机,故选 B。( 2)考查形容词辨析。句意:没有关掉发动机带走钥匙,这位粗心的司机让公共汽车运转着。 A. 聪明的, B. 细心的, C. 粗心的,根据语境可知司机
14、要去上厕所,却没有关掉发动机,说明他是粗心的,故选 C。( 3)考查动词辨析。句意:因为他很匆忙,他忘记了刹车。A. 决定, B. 记得, C. 忘记,根据后文The bus 5 started moving away ,可知他忘记了刹车,故选C。( 4)考查形容词。句意:外面很冷,我不想让车厢的温度下降得快。A. 热, B. 冷, C. 阳光充足的,根据I didnt want the temperature of the coach to drop fast,可知外面冷,故选B。( 5)考查副词。句意:公共汽车慢慢地从加油站离开了。A. 慢慢地, B. 安全地, C. 幸运地,根据推理可知
15、是慢慢地离开,故选A。( 6)考查名词。句意:公共汽车慢慢地从加油站离开了。A. 厕所, B. 汽车站, C. 加油站。根据上文A primary school bus driver stopped the bus in a gas station可知司机把车停在了加油站,故选C。( 7)考查动词。句意:十岁的Jake 向前跑到司机的座位,A. 看, B. 跑, C. 游泳,根据推理,公共汽车司机下车了,而公共汽车自己开始向前移动,可知孩子会跑向司机的座位,故选 B。( 8)考查名词。句意:当公共汽车离一条河更近的时候,他用力按刹车踏板,成功地把公共汽车停了下来。根据下文It would be
16、 hopeless if the car ran into the river, said the policeofficer. 可知公共汽车差点掉进一条河里,故选A。( 9)考查名词。句意:警察到达现场后,他们因为Jake 的巨大努力表扬了他,并捉拿了司机。根据下文可知是警察捉拿了司机,故选C。( 10)考查形容词。句意:“让公共汽车停下来”他说, “和玩侠盗车手易的, B. 有趣的, C. 危险的,根据It is his favourite action video game.III 一样容易 ”。 A. 容可知对于 Jake来说,让公共汽车停下来像玩游戏一样容易,故选A。【点评】考查综合
17、理解和运用能力。首先通读全文,掌握大意,然后根据语境,语法知识,固定搭配,逻辑推理等选出合适的选项,确保文章通顺、完整。3完形填空The B&.O Railroad Museum is in Baltimore. Its site is1to be the birthplace of theAmerican railroad. The museum2the most complete railroad collections in3. Onthe second floor, there is an4of station clocks, and a small movie theatre. Th
18、e museumalso has an5collection of engines, cars, cranes and6railroad equipment.7the winter of 2002- 2003 , heavy8destroyed the roof of the museum anddamaged more than half of the9, which may have been the museums10loss.But there was still some11the insurance (保险) on the museum, though it wasnt clear
19、at first12it would get from that.The museum was very13. In the end, although it had14millions of dollars, allof it was replaced by the insurance. The museum had been15until November 2004. Itsmanager says, The insurance saved our museum!1.A. lookedB. madeC. builtD. thought2.A. sharesB. ownsC. discove
20、rsD. produces3.A. BritainB. AustraliaC. CanadaD. America4.A. advertisement B. exhibition C. introductionD. entry5.A. insideB. outsideC. indoorD. outdoor6.A. othersB. otherC. anotherD. many7.A. WithB. ForC. DuringD. At8.A. rainB. snowC. sunshineD. fog9.A. windowsB. roomsC. collectionsD. wheels10. A.
21、biggestB. smallestC. hardestD. easiest11. A. desireB. hopeC. sculpturesD. advantages12. A. how oftenB. how longC. how muchD. how soon13. A. luckyB. unusualC. disappointed D. interested14. A. destroyedB. thrownC. wastedD. lost15. A. openB. closedC. cleanedD. noticed【答案】( 1) D;( 2) B;( 3) D;( 4) B;( 5
22、)D;( 6)B;( 7) C;( 8) B;( 9)C;( 10)A;( 11) B;( 12)C;( 13) A;( 14)D;( 15) B;【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了在巴尔的摩的铁路博物馆。( 1)句意: 它的所在地据说是美国铁路的发源地。is thought to be,据说,固定搭配,故选 D。( 2)句意:博物馆拥有美国最完整的铁路收藏品。A 分享, B 拥有, C 发现, D 生产,根据 the most complete railroad collections最完整的铁路收藏品可知是拥有,故选 B。( 3)句意:博物馆拥有美国最完整的铁路收藏品。A 英国, B 澳大利亚,
23、 C 加拿大, D 美国,根据 birthplace of the American railroad美国铁路的发源地可知是在美国 , 故选 D。( 4)句意: 在二楼,有一个车站时钟的展品和一个小电影院。A 广告, B 展品, C 介绍,D 入口,博物馆里的都是展品,故选 B。( 5)句意:博物馆还收藏了室外的发动机、汽车、起重机和其他的铁路设备。A 在里面, B 在外面, C 室内的, D 室外的,根据cars,cranes可知 汽车、起重机 是室外的的东西 , 故选 D。( 6)句意: 博物馆还收藏了室外的发动机、汽车、起重机和其他的铁路设备。A 其他的,不修饰名词,B 其他的,可修饰不
24、可数名词,C 另一个,修饰名词单数,D 许多,修饰名词复数,根据equipment可知装备是不可数名词,故选 B。( 7)句意:在2002-2003年的冬天,大雪摧毁了博物馆的屋顶,损坏了超过一半的藏品,这可能是博物馆最大的损失。A 有, B 为了, C 在 .期间, D 在,根据2002- 2003可知表示期间, 故选 C。( 8)句意:在 2002-2003 年的冬天,大雪摧毁了博物馆的屋顶,损坏了超过一半的藏品,这可能是博物馆最大的损失。A 雨, B 雪, C 阳光, D 雾,根据 winter 可知冬天的是雪 ,故选 B。( 9)句意:在 2002-2003 年的冬天,大雪摧毁了博物馆
25、的屋顶,损坏了超过一半的藏品,这可能是博物馆最大的损失。 A 窗户, B 房间, C 藏品, D 轮子,博物馆里的是藏品,故选 C。( 10)句意:在 2002-2003 年的冬天,大雪摧毁了博物馆的屋顶,损坏了超过一半的藏品,这可能是博物馆最大的损失。A 最大的, B 最小的, C 最难的, D 最简单的,根据damaged more than half of损坏了一半以上可知是很大的损失,故选 A。( 11)句意:但是博物馆的保险还是有希望的,虽然一开始还不清楚能从中得到多少。根据 therewas,可知主语名词是不可数或单数,故排除名词复数C 和D, A 渴望,B 希望,能否有保险赔偿是
26、种希望,故选B。( 12)句意:但是博物馆的保险还是有希望的,虽然一开始还不清楚能从中得到多少。多久一次,B 多长, C 多少钱, D 多久才,根据millionsof dollars和钱有关的是Ahowmuch ,指赔偿数量, 故选C。( 13)句意:The insurance博物馆非常幸运。 saved our museumA 幸运的, B 不寻常的, C 失望的, D 感兴趣的,根据保险拯救了我们的博物馆可知是幸运的事情, 故选A。( 14)句意:最后,虽然它损失了数百万美元,但全部被保险公司所取代。 A 消灭, B 扔掉, C 浪费, D 损失,根据 damaged more than
27、 half of , 损坏了一半以上 是指损失,故选D。( 15)句意:博物馆一直到2004 年 11 月才开放。它的经理说,“保险拯救了我们的博物馆! ”A 关闭, B 开放, C 清理, D 注意到,根据The insurance saved our museum保险拯救了我们的博物馆,可知博物馆可以继续开放,故选B。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。4完形填空Its not easy to achieve success. However, Napoleon
28、 Hill believed everyone can become1if they think right. After he did many years of research2successful people, his bookThink and Grow Rich came out in 1937.The book is one of the most3books ever written. It has sold over 70 million copies.Napoleon Hill4at least ten other books about success before h
29、is death in 1970.However,5 of them came close to selling as many copies as Think and Grow Rich. It remains the biggest seller of his books.In 2012, Smarter Comics released ( 行)a new version of the6. Franco Arda, thecompanys founder and publisher, said, I first read Think and Grow Rich when I was a t
30、eenager. Itchanged the way I thought about money and7. In the book, Napoleon Hill advises8 to read our dreams out loud every morning when we wake up and every evening before we go to bed. He says in the book, If you 9 to give up, your dream will be sure to cometrue. Franco Arda continued, The new ve
31、rsion is like a comic book,10its easier tounderstand. Its worth reading the book.1.A. polite B. patient C. honest D. successful2.A. onB. forC. inD. to3.A. awful B. popular C. useful D. important4.A. read B. wroteC. bought D. borrowed5.A. allB. bothC. noneD. neither6.A. book B. playC. poemD. novel7.A
32、. luckB. successC. loveD. education8.A. meB. usC. himD. them9.A. hope B. decide C. refuse D. promise10. A. ifB. butC. soD. because【答案】( 1) D;( 2) A;( 3) B;( 4)B;( 5) C;( 6) A;( 7) B;( 8) B;( 9)C;( 10)C;【解析】 【分析】短文大意: 篇短文 的是成功并不容易。然而拿破 .希 他 只要 是 的,每个人都会取得成功。本文主要介 了拿破 和他的著作思考致富。 述了他 成功的看法。( 1)形容 辨析。句意
33、:然而,拿破 只要他 是正确的,他 都能成功。根据 Its not easy to achieve success. 可知此 的是成功的看法。 polite 有礼貌的;patient有耐心的;honest 的;successful 成功的,故 D。( 2)介 辨析。句意:在他 成功人士多年的研究后,他的著作思考致富于1937年出版。此 的是拿破 于成功人士 行研究,on关于,for 了, in 在里面; to 对于,故 A。( 3)形容 辨析。句意: 本 是曾 写的最受 迎的一本 。根据millioncopies. 它的 售量超 700 万,可 它很受 迎。awful的; useful 有用的
34、, important 重要的,故 B。It has sold over 70可怕的; popular受 迎( 4) 辨析。句意:拿破 在1970 年去世前,至少写了10 本关于成功的 。根据Thebook is one of the mostpopular books ever written.可知此 指的是写的很多 。read ,write写, buy , borrow借,故 B。( 5)代词辨析。句意:然而,它们中没有一个能像思考致富卖得那么多。all 三者或三者以上都, both两者都, none 没有,指三者或三者以上,neither没有一个,指两者,根据 Napoleon Hill
35、 wrote at least ten other books about success before his death in 1970.和转折连词but ,可知虽然他写了很多书,但是没有一本销售量比思考致富卖得多。故选C。( 6)名词辨析。句意:2012 年 Smarter Comics 公司出版了这本书的新版本。book 书,play 剧本, poem 诗歌, novel 小说。根据上文It remains the biggest seller of his books.可知此处指的是思考致富这本书。故选A。( 7)名词辨析。句意:它改变了我对金钱和成功的看法。根据He says in
36、 the book, If yourefuse to give up, your dream will be sure to come true.如果你拒绝放弃,你的梦想一定会实现。可知此处指的是成功,梦想。luck 幸运; success 成功, love 爱, education教育,故选 B。( 8)代词辨析。句意:在书中拿破仑建议我们每天早上醒来和每天晚上睡觉前大声地读出我们的梦想。根据 to read our dreams out loud every morning 可知是建议我们大声读梦想。 me 我, us 我们, him 他, them 他们,故选 B。( 9)动词辨析。句意
37、:他在书中说“如果你不放弃,你的梦想一定会实现。根据常识,我们只要坚持,梦想就会实现,可知此处是拒绝放弃,hope希望;decide决定,refuse拒绝, promise答应,许诺,故选C。( 10)连词辨析。句意:弗朗哥继续说道 “新版本就像是一本漫画书,它更容易理解,值得一读。 if 如果, but 但是, so 因此, because 因为,这两个句子之间是因果关系,故选C。【点评】此题考查完形填空。解题的方法第一要带着空,通读文章,搞清事件发生的背景。紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息 ,充分利用各种线索,语法知识 ,以及句子之间的关系,词的搭配 ,结合上下文背景语境,结合句意选择适合语
38、境的选项。5完形填空Zhang, the father of a Junior 3 student in Nanjing, was sitting at home. Suddenly, he1he had not spoken to his sons teachers all the term. He had not even been invited to a parentsmeeting ! Zhang decided to ask his son2.The answer his son gave him was a big3.Zhangs son had paid a man 25 yu
39、an to be his4at parents meetings.I did5in my exams and I was afraid my father would6, says the boy. I didntwant him to be7with me.The boy is not the8student to have paid a stranger to be his or her father.The boy says that six of his classmates have used their pocket money to do this.Some of them di
40、d it9they were afraid their parents would beat them. Others justdidnt want to make their parents feel unhappy.Ji Ruifang, a teacher at Nanjing Foreign Language School, says parents are to blame for kidsbuying fathers.Parents are demanding (要求) too10of their children, she says. Junior studentsoften cannot11their demands. And they dont know12to face their parentswhen they do badly.Yu Yiqun, an13on teenagers at the Beijing Youth and Children Research Institute (北京青少年研究所) , says students should14with theirs parents.