1、（英语）初中英语阅读理解的基本方法技巧及练习题及练习题( 含答案) 及解析一、阅读理解1根据短文内容出选择正确答案。BDo you want to live a happier, less stressful life? Try laughing for no reason at all. Thats howthousands of people start their day at Laughter （笑声）Clubs around the world and manydoctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the
2、 best ways to stay healthy.The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. Youngchildren laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day, says Dr.Kataria. Everyone is naturally good at laughing-its the universal language. We want people to f
3、eel happy with their lives. There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over l,300 in the world.Many doctors are also interested in the effects（效果） of laughter on our health. Accordingto a 5-year study at the UCLA School of Medicine in California, with laughing there is less stress in th
4、e body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%.So what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nearest club in South London to findout. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class, to be honest, I wasnt interested in laughing with a group of strangers, and I was worri
5、ed about looking stupid. Our laughter teacher told us toclap our hands and say“ ho ho ho, ha ha ha.” while looking at each other. However, our bodiescant tell the difference between real laughter and unreal laughter, so they still produce the samehealthy effects.Surprisingly, it worked! After ten mi
6、nutes everybody in the room was laughing for real andsome people just couldnt stop! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed-andcomfortable I felt. So if youre under stress, then start laughing. You might be very pleased with the results!（ 1） The first Laughter Club was started in _.A.
7、 IndiaB. AmericaC. BritainD. China（ 2） How many Laughter Clubs are there in the world today?A. Over 300.B. Over 500.C. Over 800.D. Over l,300.（ 3） How did the writer feel at the beginning of the class?A. Surprised.B. PleasedC. Nervous.D. Tired.（4） When did the people in the club begin to laugh for r
8、eal?A. After ten minutes.B. After ten hours.C. After ten seconds.D. After ten days.（ 5） The article mainly tells us _.A. young children laugh much more often than adults in a dayB. laughing is one of the best ways to stay healthyC. many-doctors are also interested in the effects of laughter on our h
9、ealthD. real laughter and unreal laughter are both good for health【答案】 （ 1） A（ 2） D（ 3） C（ 4） A（ 5） B【解析】 【分析】你想过一个快乐的 ,没有压力的生活 ?尝试毫无理由的大笑？全世界每天有成千上万的人在笑声俱乐部开始他们的一天。医生认为开怀大笑是最好的保健方式。（ 1）细节理解。根据第二段 The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by（ 2）细节理解。根据第二段 There are now more than
10、500 Laughter Clubs in India and overl,300 in the world. 可知选 D。（3）细节理解。根据第四段I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class可知作者开始紧张。故选C。（ 4）细节理解。根据最后一段Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes everybody in theroom was laughing for real and some people just couldnt stop! 可知 10 分钟后房间里的人都是在真笑。故选 A。（
11、5）主旨大意。本文讲笑声俱乐部给人们的生活带来的变化，通过大笑来减少压力，过更快乐更健康的生活。故选 B。【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。2根据短文内容出选择正确答案。AA farmer had a brother in town who was a gardener, and his brother had a garden full of the finest fruit trees. So his skill and his beautiful trees were famous everywhere. One day
12、the farmer went into the town to visit his brother, and was surprised at the trees that grew quite well.Look, my brother, said the gardener. I will give you an apple tree, the best from my garden, and you, and your children, and your childrens children will enjoy it.Then the gardener called his work
13、men and ordered them to take up the tree and carry it tohis brothers farm. They did so, and the next morning the farmer began to wonder where he should plant it.If I plant it on the hill, he said to himself, the wind might catch it and shake down thedelicious fruit before it is ripe. If I plant it c
14、lose to the road, passersby will see it and take away the apples-but if I plant it too near the door of my house, my children may pick the fruit. So, after he had thought the matter over, he planted the tree behind his barn （谷仓） .Time passed, but the tree had no fruit the first year, nor the second-
15、then the farmer called his brother. When the gardener came, the farmer said angrily, You have cheated me, and given me a useless tree instead of a fruitful one. This is the third year and still it brings out nothing but leaves! The gardener laughed and said, See where the tree was planted, it has no
16、 sun or warmth.How could you expect flowers and fruit?（ 1） From the passage, we can see the farmer planted the apple treeA. behind his barnB. on the hillC. close to the roadD. near his house（ 2） The underlined word ripe means _ in Chinese.A. 挂果B成.熟C开.花D成.长（3） What is NOT mentioned in the fifth parag
17、raph?A. What happened to the apple tree.C. What kind of man the farmer was.（4） Which of the following is NOT true?B. Why the farmer got angry with his brother.D. Why the farmer called his brother.A. The farmers brother had a garden full of the finest fruit trees.B. The gardener gave his brother the
18、best apple tree from his garden.C. No flowers, fruit or leaves were on the apple tree.D. The farmer thought his brother gave him a useless tree.（ 5） What do you know from the end of the story?A. The farmer moved the tree to the roadside.B. The gardener took the tree to the roadside.C. The tree will
19、have no fruit any more.D. The gardener taught the farmer a lesson.【答案】 （ 1） A（ 2） B（ 3） C（ 4） C（ 5） D【解析】 【分析】农民从城里的园丁那里移植了一棵苹果树，把它种在他的谷仓后面，三年了，果树没有长出像园丁说的那样的果子。这是为什么呢？园丁来了一看恍然大悟。（ 1）细节理解。根据文章第四段So, after he had thought the matter over, he planted the treebehind his barn （谷仓） .可知选 A。（ 2）词义猜测。句意： “如果
20、我把它种在山上，在果实成熟前大风会吹果树，把可口的果实晃掉。 ”因此选 B。（ 3）细节理解。根据第五段可知，两年树没有结果实；农民很生气，给哥哥打电话说他哥哥骗他。没有提到农民是怎么样一个人，故选C。（4）细节理解。根据第五段This is the third year and still it brings out nothing but leaves!知树没有开花结果，但是长有叶子。故选C。（5）推理判断。根据最后一段，园丁告诉农民树不结果的原因，故选D，给他上了一课。可【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。3根据短文内容理解
21、选择正确答案。AAccording to a new survey, students safety has become a big problem. Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about robbery on the way to and from school. Now in main bigcities in China, some schools have taught an unusual lesson: self-protection. Students like this lesson because there a
22、re no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens.Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No. 25 Middle School, gives young students advice on how to deal with danger. If you are robbedKeep calm. lf you can not cry for help or run away.
23、 Give the robber your money. Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police later. If you are in a traffic accidentIf a car hits you. You should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. This is because you dont know how seriou
24、sly you are hurt If it is raining hard and there is lightingDont stay in high places and stay away from trees. When there is a fireGet away as fast as yon can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the lift. If someone is drowningIf you cant swim, dont get into the water.
25、Cry out for help.Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all time!（ 1） Why do students like the self-protection lesson? Because there are no tests. Because the lessons are boring Because they can learn how to save lives. Because they can know how to stop dang
26、er before it happens.A. B. C. D. （ 2） What will you do if a bicycle hurts you?A. I will remember the bicycle number.B. I wont let the rider go until I call my parents.C. I will let the rider go before I call my parents.D. I will let the rider go because I know how seriously I am hurt.（ 3） lf your ho
27、use is on fire, you must_.A. put dry things on your bodyB. run quickly and take the liftC. run away and find an exit as quickly as you canD. take everything you have and then run away（ 4） There are _ways of self-protection mentioned in the passage.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6（ 5） The best title for this passage
28、 is _.A. How to Keep CalmB. Self-protectionC. An usual lessonD. Danger【答案】 （1） D（2） B（3） C（4） C（5） B【解析】 【分析】据调查，学生的安全是一个大问题，现在很多学校开设特殊的安全课。一位来自北京 25 中的老师给我们介绍的几点遇到危险时的正确做法。发生交通事故时首先要记下车号码，有闪电的时候不要使用手机不要看电视，发生火灾时要及时逃生，有人溺水时要呼救，遇到抢劫时要保持冷静等等。细节理解。根据第一段Students like this lesson because there are no exa
29、ms or boring classes.And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens. 可知学生喜欢这个课时因为没有考试，不无聊，可以学习如何救命，知道怎样预防危险。故选D。细节理解。根据If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go.可知被自行车撞了给父母打电话来了才能让肇事者离开。故选B。细节理解。根据 Get away as fast as yon can.
30、 Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the lift. 可知家里着火要尽快离开，把东西打湿披在身上，别乘电梯。故选C。细节理解题。通过阅读可知，文中提到了 5 种自保方式，发生交通事故时首先要记下车号码，有闪电的时候不要使用手机不要看电视，发生火灾时要及时逃生，有人溺水时要呼救，遇到抢劫时要保持冷静。故选C。主旨大意。本文讲述学生学习遇到危险时如何自保。故选B。【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。4阅读理解What problems d
31、o the teenagers probably have？Here is a survey showing their main problems ：ProblemsCausesAdviceFeelingToomuchhomework.Dont Makea plan for study and hobbies. Find timestressedhaveenoughtime fortheir to relax as possible as you can.hobbies.GettingToomuchhomework.Bad Do homework and read in a correct
32、way.shortsightedreading and writing habits.FightsDontknow how to get on wellMakemore friends and understand eachwith classmates.other. Share your problems with them.Feelingtired of Computergamesbad Dontbe crazy about computer games. Playstudyinfluence.them just for a short time when you want torelax
33、.GettingfatHavea lot of pocket money toUseyour pocket money to do somethingbuysnacks.Dislikedoing meaningful. Spend some time doing exerciseexercise.every day.（ 1） What problems are caused by too much homework?A. Feeling stressed and fights.B. Feeling tired of study and getting fat.C. Feeling stress
34、ed and getting short-sighted.D. Getting short-sighted and feeling tired of study.（2） If Simon is feeling stressed, he should.A. do much more homeworkB. make a plan to spend time on study and hobbiesC. donate his pocket money to Project HopeD. buy some snacks（3） Peter is tired of study, maybe because
35、 he.A. has no close friendsB. has no pocket moneyC. plays too many computer gamesD. gets fatter and fatter（ 4）is a good way for teenagers to stop fights.A. Doing less homeworkB. Playing computer gamesC. Learning how to make friendsD. Paying no attention to each other【答案】 （ 1） C（2） B（3） C（4） C【解析】 【分
36、析】主要讲了关于青少年可能有的问题的一项调查结果。（ 1）细节题。根据Feeling stressed Too much homework.Donthave enough time for theirhobbies.Getting shortsighted Too much homework. Bad reading and writing habits.可知太多的作业会导致感觉有压力和变近视，故选C。（ 2）细节题。根据第一行 Advice Make a plan for study and hobbies. 可知制定学习和爱好计划，故选 B。（ 3）细节题。根据 Feeling tired
37、 of study Computer games bad influence. 可知厌恶学习的原因是电脑的坏的影响，故选 C。（ 4）细节题。根据 Fights Make more friends and understand each other. 可知交更多的朋友和相互理解可以阻止打架，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。5阅读理解When his mum fainted （昏厥） and knocked herself out, unconscious, four year old Henry Davies knew just what to do th
38、anks to a storybook.He calmly dialled 999 and told the emergency services how to get to his home and then phoned his father.The boy told the doctors what had happened and directed them to the house in Coundon, Coventry, and even offered the doctors a drinkWhen they arrived. Henry also offered to loo
39、k after his 12 month old brother Noah.His father, Iran, 35, said, Chloe has been unwell with a high fever which has made her feel quite poorly. I left for work early at about 7:30 am and as she got up after I left she felt quite dizzy and faint. The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the f
40、loor and hearing Henry talking to someone. He had seen her fall and hit her head on the table, but he couldnt wake her up. So he picked up the phone and dialled 999 for an ambulance.Chloe said, Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency, which weve read a few times. He even
41、 put a blanket over me. The ambulance crew were amazed. Were very proud of him.（ 1） How old was Henry?A. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.（ 2） What was the matter with Henrys mother?A. She fainted on the floor.B. She was shot by a gun.C. She was badly ill.D. She was hurt badly.（ 3） How did Henry know the knowledge
42、of saving his mother?A. By watching TV.B. By reading a book.C. His teacher taught him.D. By WeChat.（ 4） The underlined words emergency services mean _ in Chinese.A. 紧急应变机构B突.发事件C急.诊室D医.疗（ 5） Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. There are 4 people in Henrys family. B. Henry
43、prepared a drink for the doctors. C. Henrys father is very proud of Henry. D. His father is 29 years old. 【答案】 （ 1） D（2） A（3） B（4） A（5） D【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了Henry 凭借救护人员书上的内容，救了他的妈妈。（ 1）细节题。根据four year old Henry Davies. 可知， Henry4 岁了，故选D。（ 2）细节题。根据The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor
44、可知， 亨利的母亲晕倒在地板上，故选A。（ 3）推理题。根据 Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency亨利有一本故事书救护人员,讲述在紧急情况下该怎么做可知， Henry 是通过读书知道救他母亲的知识，故选B。（ 4）词义辨析题。根据He calmlydialled999 他平静地拨打了999 ，可知 999 是个紧急应变机构，故emergency services 是紧急应变机构的意思，故选A。（ 5）细节题。根据His father, Iran, 35， 可知他的父亲29 岁是错的，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6阅读理解Esperanza lives in a poor Latino（拉丁美洲的） neighbourhood in Chicago, America. She dreams of having her own house one day. Her parents
