1、初中英语短语动词真题汇编( 含答案 ) 及解析一、短语动词1As a kind of important energy, coal (煤炭)can _ one day.A. keep outB. run outC. be run outD. run out of【答案】B【解析】 【分析】短 runout意 “用完,耗尽(主 是物)”, keep out “阻止 入 ”,run out of用完“ 西(主 是人)”; C 是被 形式,其后 加介 of,故 B。2- Are you going to have a part time job during the summer vacation?
2、- Yes. I think I shouldnt always _ my parents since Ive grown up.A. fight againstB. argue withC. hear fromD. depend on【答案】D【解析】 【分析】句意:你暑假要做兼 ?我不 是依靠父母。depend on 依靠;取决于;某人争 ; hear from 收到 来信。故 D。是的,我 既然我已 大了,fight against 与 打架; argue with与【点 】考 短 辨析。3Joe has caused many problems and his dad cant _ g
3、ood ways to solve his trouble.A. come up withB. catch up withC. work outD. write down【答案】A【解析】 【分析】 come up with ”想出 “; catch up with赶”上 “; work out ”解决 “;write down”写下来 “。句意 : Joe 惹出 多麻 ,他的爸爸想不出方法来解决他的麻 。”想出方法“用 come up with ,故 A。【点 】考 短 的辨析。4Nowadays more and more people _ food safety.A. pay atten
4、tion toB. look afterC. take it easyD. look out【答案】A【解析】 【分析】句意: 在,越来越多的人注意食品安全。pay attentionto 注意;lookafter照 ;take it easy 着急;look out当心。故 A。【点 】考 短 辨析。5 In fact, many countrieshave _ some effective(有效的) policies to controlthepopulation.A. carry outB. taken outC. carried outD. thought out【答案】C【解析】 【
5、分析】句意: 上, 多国家已 采取了有效政策控制人口。施;施行。 take out 取出; think out 想出。根据have 可知用 去分 ,故 carry out C。实【点 】考 短 。6一 Can you guess when the story took place?一 In 1990, right?A. was writtenB. happenedC. ended【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:你能猜猜 个故事 生在什么 候 ?在1990年, ? take place 生; was written 被写; happen 生; end 束。故 B。【点 】考 短 辨析。7The
6、 box is too heavy to carry. Whats in it?Oh, it is_ booksA. filled withB. covered withC. used forD. asked for【答案】A【解析】 【分析】句意: 箱子重得搬不 。里面是什么?。噢,它装 了 。befilledwith意 “用装 ”; be covered with意 “用 覆盖 ”; be usedefor 意 “用来做”; be asked for意 “ 求 ”。根据句意重得搬不 , 是装 了 。故答案 A。【点 】考 短 be filled with,同 be full of8一 Bo
7、b isnt at home. Then where is he?一 Sorry I have no idea where hes gone.A. dont knowB. rememberC. dont care【答案】A【解析】 【分析】句意:Bob 不在家,那么他在哪儿呢? 不起,我不知道他去哪儿了。 have no idea 不知道。故 A。【点 】考 短 。9We must plant more trees after we _ every year.A. cut off themB. cut them offC. cut down themD. cut them down【答案】D【
8、解析】 【分析】句意:我 必 每年在砍掉 木之后种植更多的 。down 砍倒。根据前文的trees 可知砍伐 木用cut down ,作 的代 cut off 切断;them 放在cutcut与副 down之 ,故答案 D。【点 】考 短 辨析及 短 的用法:“及物 词+副 ”构成的 短 在跟代 作 ,代 放在 后副 前10 - Look!Smiths are playing basketball.- Letsthem.A. The; join in【答案】BB. The; joinC. A; join inD. A; join【解析】 【分析】句意:看!史密斯一家正在打 球。 我 和他 一起
9、打 球吧。“ the+姓氏名 的复数”表示 “一家 ”或 “夫 ” , Smiths史密斯姓氏复数,故前用the;而joinsb.和某人在一起,join them和他 一起打球故 B。【点 】定冠 (the) ; 辨析。11 The street will be flooded when it rains heavily.A. filled with carsB. filled with peopleC. filled with water【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意:当雨下得太大 , 条街会被淹没。 flood 译为 “淹没 ”; A.装 了 ; B.装 了人; C.装 了水。 合句意
10、C。【点 】考 短 辨析。12 _! Something is falling down from the tall building. Dear me! Its dangerous.A. Look outB. Help yourselfC. What a pityD. Shut up.【答案】A【解析】 【分析】句意: 留神!有 西从高楼上掉下来了. 哦, 的! 是危 的. look out 当心,留神,向外看, help yourself 自取 , what a pity 真可惜, shut up 安静, 嘴,根据后面一句 有 西从高楼上掉下来了 . 可知 里 提醒 方注意,故 : A.【
11、点评】考查动词短语,理解句子的意思及每个选项的意思,结合语境选择合适的答案.13 Eton College in England was studentsin 1440 by King Henry VI to give free education to poorA. cleaned upB. set upC. fixed upD. cheered up【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:英国的伊顿大学是由亨利六世在1440 建的,为了给贫困的学生免费的教育。 clean up 打扫干净; set up 建起; fix up 安排;修理;cheer up 使振作起来;使高兴起来。根据句意可知选B
12、。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。14 Mary, how can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week? Youd better take a train.the suitable trains in the timetable.A. Set upB. Look upC. Take upD. Put up【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:玛丽,下个星期我怎样才能从武汉到达咸宁?你最好坐火车去。在时间表中查找合适的列车。A. Set up建立;B. Look up查找;C. Take up 从事;D.Put up张贴,举起。这里是表示查找,故答案为B。【点评】
13、考查动词短语辨析。理解句意并掌握词组的意义和用法。15 There was a rainstorm yesterday. The flood _ the old bridge over the small river.A. washed awayB. went awayC. kept awayD. ran away【答案】 A【解析】 【分析】句意:昨天有一场暴风雨。洪水冲走了小河上的旧桥。wash away冲走; go away 离开; keep away 使远离; run away 逃跑。根据句意,故答案为 A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析,熟记与 away 构成的动词短语,在理解句意的基础上
14、判断答案。16 Can I _ a few minutes of yours to talk about how to deal with the old books? Sure.A. set upB. open upC. take upD. put up【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意:我能占用你几分钟的时间谈谈如何处理旧问题吗?当然可以。 A 创立, B 开通, C 占据, D 建造,根据a few minutes,可知是占用时间,故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意根据a few minutes的语境选择合适的用法。17 Why did you come late again?Beca
15、use my alarm clock didnt _ this morning.A. go offB. go outC. go awayD. go over【答案】A【解析】 【分析】考查动词词组的辨析。go off “发出响声 ”; go out “出去 ”; go away“离开”; go over “检查 ”。答语句意为“因为今天早上我的闹钟没响。”故选 A。18 Look at the heavy rain! Nobody knows when the plane will _ and when it will land.A. get offB. take offC. turn off
16、D. put off【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:看这么大的雨!没有人知道飞机将什么时候起飞,什么时候降落。 A. get off 下来,下车; B. take off 起飞,脱掉; C. turn off 关掉; D. put off 推迟,拖延。根据句意可知选 B。19 Progress suggests a persons ability to change the way he is living at the moment and it must_ a better life and a better way of doing things.A. lead toB. devote
17、 toC. make upD. take up【答案】A【解析】 【分析】句意:进步意味着一个人改变他现在生活方式的能力,它必须带来更好的生活和更好的做事方式。A. lead to 导致; B. devote to 奉献,致力于;C. make up 编造; D.take up 从事。根据句意可知,答案为A。20 How was your May Day holiday?Just so so, I tried to find a place to park my car near He Garden, but they were all _.A. looked upB. taken upC.
18、put upD. turned up【答案】 B【解析】 【分析】句意:你的五一假期过得怎么样?一般般,我努力地在花园附近找地方停车,但是他们都被占了。looked up 查找; taken up 占据; put up 张贴; turned up出现,把声音开大。根据句意可知,这里说的停车位都被占了,故答案为B。【点评】此题考查动词短语和动词的被动语态的用法,平时注意记忆和区分短语动词的意义和用法。还要注意记忆不规则动词的被动语态。21 My daughter will call _ as soon as she _ Shanghai.A. me up, will arrive inB. up
19、 me, arrives atC. up me , arrives atD. me up, arrives in【答案】D【解析】 【分析】句意:我的女儿一到达上海就会给我打电话。call sb. up 是固定短语,给某人打电话,跟代词时,代词要放在中间;arrive in 到达大地方;arrive at 到达小地方。上海是一个大城市,应该用in。根据句意可知选D。【点评】本题考查短语和动词短语的辨析。call sb up 表示给某人打电话,但是当sb 是代词形式时,要把代词放中间;arrive in 到达城市或者国家,arrive at 到达小的地方。22 Hey, Tom. _ the w
20、aste paper and throw it into the bin. You cant throw it here.Sorry.A. Take upB. Pick upC. Make up【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:- 你好, Tom。请捡起废纸,把它扔进垃圾桶。你不能把它扔在这儿。-对不起。根据句意,结合短语区别:takeup,占用时间,空间;pickup,捡起;make up,化妆,组成。故答案为:B.23 According to my brother, fishing is an excellent hobby to_.A. pick upB. take upC. put
21、upD. turn up【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:根据我哥哥的说法,钓鱼是可以从事的一种非常优秀的爱好。A.pick up捡起;B.take up从事;C.put up张贴;D.turn up出现。根据take up a hobby从事一种爱好,故答案为B。【点评】考查短语动词。牢记动词短语。24 Tom argued with Alice last night. But now they _ after a talk with each other.A. make upB. put upC. set upD. look up【答案】 A【解析】 【分析】句意:汤姆昨天晚上和爱丽丝吵架
22、了。但是现在他们谈过之后又和好了。 A.make up 和好,弥补,化妆;B. put up 举起,张贴,搭建;C.set up 建立;向上看,查阅。根据after a talk with each other可知交流后和好了,故选A。D.look up【点评】考查短语辨析,注意动词短语的积累及运用。25 Mum, shall I leave todays homework till tomorrow?Better not, dear. Never _ what you can do today till tomorrow.A. put onB. put outC. put offD. put
23、 up【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意:妈妈,我要把尽头的作业留到明天吗?最好不要,亲爱的。不要把今天能做的事留到明天。put on 穿上, put out 扑灭; putoff 推迟, putup 张贴,我们不能把今天的事推迟到明天是常识,故选C。【点评】此题考查动词短语。注意每个短语的意思。26 Im afraid I cant go swimming with you, because I have to _ my little brother at homeA. look forB. make fun ofC. care for【答案】C【解析】 【分析】句意:恐怕我不能和你一起去游泳
24、,因为我不得不在家照顾我的小弟弟。 A. 寻找, B. 嘲笑, C. 照顾,根据语境,不能一起去游泳,应是为了照顾弟弟,故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。首先读懂句意,然后选出合适的短语,确保句子通顺。27 There is an exam next week. What should I do? I think that if you _ your study schedule for a week, you will pass itA. agree withB. stick withC. give up【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:下周有考试,我该怎么办? 我认为只要你坚持你的学习日程
25、表一周,你就能通过考试。A、 agree with 同意, B、 stick with 坚持, C、 give up 放弃,根据题意可知,学生比较害怕考试,因此需要有一个好的学习规划,故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意根据语境对选项逐一进行筛选,填入符合语境的单词。28 If you want to get good scores, you had betterA. go awayB. go overthe test papers before you hand them in. C. go on D. go by【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:如果你想取得好成绩,你交试卷前最好仔细检查
26、试卷。go away走开; go over 仔细检查;go on 继续; go by 经过;(时间)过去。根据句意,故答案为B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析,熟记短语,根据句意,根据语境判断答案。29 Its not a good habit to _what you can do today till tomorrow.A. take offB. put offC. get off【答案】B【解析】 【分析】句意:把今天能做的事推迟到明天去做不是一个好习惯。A 脱掉,B推迟, C 下车,根据what you can do today till tomorrow, 可知是推迟,故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意根据what you can do today till tomorrow的语境选择合适的用法。30 When are you going tofor Shanghai?Tomorrow morning.A. get offB. turn offC. take offD. set off【答案】D【解析】 【分析】句意:你打算什么时候动身去上海?明天早上。get off下车;turn off关掉;take off脱下;set off出发;动身。故选D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。