1、一、阅读理解能力测试的要求及内容,（一） 阅读理解能力测试的主要要求,要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：,（二）测试阅读理解考察主要的内容：,1、理解主旨和要义2、理解文中具体信息3、根据上下文推断生词的词义4、作出判断和推理5、理解文章的基本结构6、理解作者的意图、观点和态度,二、解题方法及应考对策,（一） 询问主旨要意,主题句的特点是1.相对于其他句子，它表达的意思比较括。2.主题句一般结构简单。3.段落中其他句子必定是用来解释、支撑 或发展主题句所表达的思想的。,A In the United States, mos
2、t people who live in cities and small towns receive their mail at home. Letters are delivered to the familys door everyday. Some people have boxes or baskets for letters are delivered by pushing through an opening in the door. Large packages are sometimes left beside the door.,B. One of the most imp
3、ortant uses of gold is for money. Gold can be used to make rings, earrings, and other things. Gold is also used to make gold leaf, a very flat ribbon of gold that is often used on picture frames. Cups and dishes can also be made from gold. Gold has many uses.,C How many languages are there in the wo
4、rld? There are about 15 hundred, but many of them are not very important. English is one of the most important because so many people use it, not only in England and the U.S.A., but in other parts of the world. About 200,000,000 speak it as their own language, and another 200,000,000 use it as a sec
5、ond language. It is difficult to say how many people are learning it. Many million of schoolboys and schoolgirls are trying to do so.,（二） 询问细节信息,When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in then 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basle. He wore a white cap and
6、drove a white truck. As a five-year-old boy, I couldnt take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer. (2011),56. Mr. Basle gave the boy a quarter out of his changer . A. to show his magical power B. to pay
7、 for the delivery C. to satisfy his curiosity D. to please his mother,C,The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB), which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants. Beds that are too small, shower heads that are too low, and
8、restaurant tables with hardly any leg-room all make life difficult for those of above average height, it says. (2011)60. What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign? A. To provide better services. B. To rebuild hotels and restaurants. C. To draw public attention to the needs of the tall. D. To attract
9、 more people to become its members.,C,Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people and many animals like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are
10、high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them (2012)60. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees nest?A. Its small in size. B. Its hidden in trees.C. Its covered with wax.D. Its hard to recognize.,B,（三）猜测词义,1. 根据释义、同位、近义或反义关系猜测词义,例如： A bookmark is something put between the pages of a book to mar
11、k the place.,The new edifice, a twenty-four-storey building, was completed last month.,2. 根据语境或逻辑的线索猜测词义,例如：He is a learned professor and can speak many languages from Japanese to Swahili. 宁夏卷10E篇.doc 11宁夏卷C.doc 12A.doc,I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I
12、was on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.68.Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “
13、relish” in the second paragraph? A. choose B. enjoy C. prepare forD. carry on,B,She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feely has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of variety of vegetables. The familys old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next
14、month. 64. What does the word “residents” in Paragraph I probably mean? A. chickensB. tomatoes C. gardensD. people,A,3. 根据构词法知识猜测生词词义,例如：As the disease developed to its advanced stage, the cancer is inoperable.,（四）综合概括,Mrs Turners telephone number was 3463; the number of the cinema in her town was 3
15、464, people often made a mistake and telephoned her when they actually wanted the cinema.One evening the telephone bell rang and Mrs Turner answered it . A tired mans voice came over the telephone: At what time does your last film begin? Im sorry, said Mrs Turner, but you have the wrong number. This
16、 is not the cinema.,Oh, It began twenty minutes ago, said the man. Im sorry about that. Well, goodbye.Mrs Turner was very surprised, so she told her husband. He laughed and said, No, that wasnt a mistake. The mans wife wanted to go to the cinema, but he was feeling tired, so he telephoned the cinema
17、. His wife heard him, but she didnt hear you. Now they will stay at home this evening, and the husband will be happy!,Question: Why was Mrs Turner surprised? Because the tired man _.A. wanted the cinema but called a wrong number.B. asked her a silly question which she refused to answerC. said someth
18、ing that had nothing to do with her answer.D. was angry with himself for having made a mistake.,（五） 做出判断,In many factories, working conditions are poor. Workers have to spend eight to nine hours a day doing tiresome jobs in dirty surroundings. Cleaner working areas and better pay will improve the wo
19、rkers situation. But more thought and planning are needed to create better conditions under which workers can take real pride in their work and get satisfaction from their jobs.,Question: According to the passage, what must bosses of factories think of first? A. Better pay B. Cleaner working conditi
20、ons C. The workers total needs.,C,做出判断时，应注意以下三点；1.正确地获取证据，尽量考虑文章中的 全部信息和事实，真正理解其含义。2.对这些事实和信息，认真分析考虑， 做出正确的评价。3.在理解和评价的基础上，做出决定。 在做出决定时，切不可自行其事，偏 离作者提供的事实和信息。,（六）逻辑推理，得出结论,When it rains, the ground gets wet. Since the ground is wet, we can conclude that it is raining.,Jack was worried. He hated to l
21、eave Sue, but he couldnt do anything if he stayed. Only water, rest and food would help now. He turned away and started on the climb. Behind him the empty water bag lay forgotten on the ground.,A,From this passage we can conclude that _. A. Jack didnt bring back any water B. Jack got some water for
22、Sue C. Jack hated Sue and left her alone. D. Jack came back with an empty water bag.,阅读之推断,（七） 进行推论，体会言外之意,When the phone finally rang, Joe jumped up from the edge of his chair and seized it quickly.,We can know that Joe was waiting for an important phone call anxiously.,在阅读中得出结论时要注意:,1对文章给出的事实，正确分析、理解所给事实是得出结论的前提。我们必须在理解的前提下，进行推理，然后才能得出结论。,2推理要合乎逻辑。不合乎逻辑的推理必然是错误的推理。学会善于思考，不断地提高自己的逻辑思维能力。,做出准确的推论必须注意以下几点：,1.掌握作者的观点、态度，不可用自己的观 点态度取代作者的观点态度。,2.分析文章中的全部信息，捕捉信息的本质。,3.注意词的本义和与之有联系的其它意 义，领悟字面以外的含义。,THANKYOU,
