1、专题十三 感叹句第一节 语法要点讲解感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。现分述如下：感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用what和how引导，what和how与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。 一、 由what引导的感叹句：what意为多么用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是： what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语. 如： What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！
2、 What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀！ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀！ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀！ What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀！ 二、由how引导的感叹句：how意为多么，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是： How+ad
3、j.（adv.）+主语+谓语. 如： How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀！ How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀！ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀！ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀！ How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀！ 三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用what引导，也可用how引导。如： What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀！ What tall buildings the
4、y are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！ What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀！ 四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。 如： What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀！ What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀！ What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀！ Ho
5、w cool! 好凉快呀！ How wonderful! 精彩极了！ 一、由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：1. 可用句型：“ What + a/an 形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！”。如：What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！2. 可用句型：“ What 形容词可数名词复数主语谓语！”。如：What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊
6、！3. 可用句型：“ What 形容词不可数名词主语谓语！”。如：What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！二、由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：1. 可用句型：“ How 形容词 / 副词主语谓语！”。如：How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！2. 可用句型：“ How 形容词 a/an 可数名词单数主语谓语！”。如：How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！3. 可用
7、句型：“ How 主语谓语！”。如：How time flies! 光阴似箭！由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如：How beautiful a girl she is! What a beautiful girl she is!What delicious cakes these are! How delicious these cakes are!三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。如： Good idea! （好主意！） wonderful! （太精彩了！） Thank goodness! （谢天谢
8、地！）第二节 高考考点汇总一.高考 感叹句常见考查形式1.What+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+.。例如：The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. What a dangerous scene it was!(2007上海）2.How+adj+a/an+可数名词单数+.！ How clever a boy he is!3.What+adj+可数名词复数+.！ What beautiful flowers they are!4.What+adj+不可数名词+.！What fine
9、 weather it is!5.How+adj/adv+主语+谓语+.！ How clever he is!6.How+主语+谓语+.！How I regret this!二.祈使句考查1.Lets.,shall we? Let us.,will you?例如：We forget to bring our tickets,but please let us enter,willyou?(2006 全国二卷）2.考察祈使句应用动词原形例如：Mary,come here-everybody else,stay where you are.(2006全国I)3. 祈使句+and/or+陈述句例如：
10、Stand over there and youll be able to see the oil painting better.(2008全国II)4.破折号后祈使句考查例如：Ive never seen anyone run so fast-just watch David go.(2004 浙江）5.否定祈使句反意疑问句考查例如 When you ve finished with that book,dont forget to put it back on the shelf,will you?(2007北京）6.祈使句一般句型考查Knock at the door before e
11、ntering please.( 2001北京春季）第三节 经典习题一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。1)._ difficult homework we had yesterday! 2)._cute dog it is!3)._ interesting the story is!4)._ bad the weather in England is!5)._ honest boy Tom is ！6)._ tasty smell the cake gave off!7)._ good time we had on the beach yesterday!8)._ exciting news y
12、ouve brought us!9)._cool your new car is!10)._ scary these tigers are! 二、选择填空。1. _ fast the boy ran!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, how B. What, whatC. How, what D. What, how3. _ delicious the soup is! Id like some more.A. How B. How an C. What D.
13、What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an5. _ foolish they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an6. _ difficult questions they are! I cant answer them.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an7. I miss my friend v
14、ery much. _ I want to see her!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an8. _ lovely weather we are having these days!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an9. _ beautiful your new dress is!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an10. _ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an三、所给
15、句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：1. The boy swam very fast.（同义句）_ _ the boy swam!2. The school trip is very exciting. （同义句）_ _ the school trip is!3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter. （同义句）_ _ Hei Longjiang looks in winter!4. It is a very useful dictionary. （同义句）_ _ _ dictionary it is!_ _ _ dictionary is!5. The students are listening very carefully._ _ the students are listening! 答案：一、What，What a, How, How，What an, What, What a, What, How, How 二、BAACA CACAC 三、1. How fast 2. How exciting 3. How beautiful 4. What a useful, How useful the 5. How carefully
