1、Section Grammar & Writing,写作专题突破,Unit 1,语法专题突破,Section ,语法专题突破,品味语法1When I got to the airport，they may have just left home.2Its surprising that you can drive.You must have learned it before.3There is nowhere to find them.Where can they have gone?4You neednt have taken a taxi here，for it was very nea
2、r to my house.,自我探究以上各句均使用了“情态动词have done”结构。该结构的动作发生在过去。,情态动词have done的用法1“musthave done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。,2“canthave done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。Mr.
3、Smith cant have gone to Beijing，for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，因为我刚才还在图书馆见过他。Mary cant have stolen your money.She has gone home.玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她已经回家了。,3“canhave done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”There is no light in the room.Can they have gone out?屋里没有灯光。他们可能出去了吗？There is nowhere to fin
4、d them.Where can they have gone?到处找不到他们。他们可能到什么地方去了吗？4“mayhave done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。What has happened to George?乔治发生了什么事？I dont know.He may have got lost.我不知道。他可能迷路了。,5“mighthave done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小，多用于虚拟语气结构中。She might have achieved greater progress，if you had
5、given her more chances.如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得了更大的进步。6“couldhave done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来能够做某事而没有做”。He could have passed the exam，but he was too careless.本来他能够通过考试的，但是他太粗心了。,7“needhave done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“neednthave done”则表示本来不需要做某事而做了。I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.我本来不需要买这么多酒
6、，只来了五个人。He need have hurried to the station.In that case，he wouldnt have missed the train.他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。,8“ought tohave done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做”，往往表示遗憾，与“shouldhave done”用法基本一样。I ought to have gone home last Sunday.我理应上星期天回家。You ought not to have given him more help.你不应该给他那么多帮助。,9“shou
7、ldhave done”表示本来应该做某事，而实际没做。“shouldnthave done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。Tom，you are too lazy.The work should have been finished yesterday.汤姆，你太懒了。这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。Look，Tom is crying.I shouldnt have been so harsh on him.看，汤姆哭了。我本来不应该对他如此严厉的。,10“wouldhave done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。I would have
8、 told you all about the boys story，but you didnt ask me.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。Without your help，I wouldnt have achieved so much.没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩的。,.用所给动词的适当形式填空1Your mother must _(wait) for you now.答案：be waiting2You could _(do)better，but you didnt try your best.答案：have done3You shouldnt _(take)
9、 away my measuring tape，for I wanted to use it.答案：have taken,4If the train is up to time，John should _(be) here any minute now.答案：be5.He may _(come) soon；Im not sure.答案：come6He_(know) the truth；otherwise he wouldnt be so angry now.答案：might have known7They cant _(go) to work，as its Sunday.答案：have gon
10、e,8Are you going to Jeffs party?Im not sure.I_(go) to the concert instead.答案：might go,.单项填空1(2011年高考课标全国卷)They_ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.AwillBcanCmust Dshould解析：选D。句意：他们本应该在午饭时间就到达的，但是他们的航班被耽搁了。will have done表示将来完成时，与题意不符；can have done一般用于否定与疑问的推测，可以排除；must have done表示
11、对过去发生事情的肯定推测，意为“肯定/必定做过某事”，也与句意不符；should have done表示“过去应该做某事(而实际上未做)”，符合句意。,2I didnt go to work yesterday afternoon because my car broke down.You _ mine，I wasnt using it.Acould have borrowed Bmight borrowCmust have borrowed Dought to borrow解析：选A。句意：昨天下午我没能去上班，因为我的车抛锚了。你本来可以借我的，那时我刚好不用它。表示对过去事情的虚拟，所以
12、用could have done。,3Mark _ have hurried.After driving at top speed，he arrived half an hour early.Aneednt BwouldntCmustnt Dcouldnt解析：选A。考查情态动词have done的用法。句意：马克本没有必要那么急。全速开车后他提前了半个小时到达。根据句意和前后的照应可知应选A项。A项表示“本没有必要”；B项意为“不会”；C项表示“不允许”；D项表示“不可能”。显然B、C、D三项与后文论述不符。,4(2011年高考江苏卷)I left my handbag on the tra
13、in，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean，someone_ it.Awill have stolen Bmight have stolenCshould have stolen Dmust have stolen,解析：选B。句意：“我把手提包忘在了火车上，但幸运的是有个人把它交给了铁路部门的一名官员。”“还能找回来多么令人难以置信！我的意思是，有人原本可能把它偷走的。”might have done“可能已经”，表示对过去发生之事的不太肯定的推测，符
14、合题意。will have done表示将来完成时；should have done本应该做某事但实际未做；must have done表示对过去发生之事的肯定推测。,5I _have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams.Ashouldnt BneedntCcouldnt Dmustnt解析：选A。句意：我本不应该看那部电影它会给我带来噩梦。由破折号后的内容来判断，其前内容为“不该做某事而做了”。shouldt have done sth.本来不该做某事却做了；neednt have done sth.本来不必做某事却做了；couldn
15、t have done sth.为否定推测，表示“不可能做过某事”。,6Jack described his father，who _ a brave boy many years ago，as a strongwilled man.Awould be Bwould have beenCmust be Dmust have been解析：选D。句意：杰克把多年以前曾是个勇敢男孩的父亲描述成为一个意志坚强的人。must have been 是对过去事实的肯定猜测；must be 是对现在事实的肯定猜测；would be 是过去将来时；would have been是虚拟语气，故选D项。,7Has
16、 your father got up?Sorry，Im not sure.He _ have got up.Please go and see for yourself.Amust BcantCwould Dmight 解析：选D。本题考查情态动词的用法。从前面所提到的Im not sure.“我没有把握”分析，此处用might，表示推测的可能性很小。,8The light was out.They _ asleep.Amust fall Bcan fallCshould have fallen Dmight have fallen解析：选D。从前一句话所提供的语境分析，fall aslee
17、p的动作已经完成，且表示的是对过去动作的推测，所以用might have done结构。,9Are you coming to the concert?Im not sure.I_to see a movie instead.Amust go Bmight have goneCmight go Dshould have gone解析：选C。考查情态动词的用法。由答语“Im not sure”可以推测说话者的语气不肯定，且动作没发生，故用might go 表示可能性。,10I wonder why Mr.Green looks worried today.Im not sure，but he _
18、 a small accident driving here.Acould have Bmight haveCmight have had Dmust have had解析：选C。本题考查情态动词表示推测的用法。根据句子的意思分析，此动作应该发生在过去；再分析Im not sure这一语境的含义，得出可能性不大。,写作专题突破,【写作要求】假如你是李华，请你根据以下内容，给报社写一封120词左右的信，向报社讲述你遭遇外星人的情况。文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。1下晚自习后，在回家路上看见三角形不明飞行物；2从飞行物中走出外星人向你问路；3你给他指明方向，并友好告别。,参考词汇：小巷all
19、ey三角形triangle外星人alienDear editor，I want to tell you a strange thing._Yours sincerely，Li Hua,【要点词汇】1在我面前_2确信_3出现_4看起来像_5自言自语_答案：1.in front of me2.be sure3.appear/come out4.look like5.ask oneself,【句式结构】1下晚自习，我正在一个黑暗的小巷口骑自行车回家。这时，在我前面突然出现了亮光。I was _ a small dark alley after evening classes in school _
20、suddenly light appeared in front of me.Light _ in front of me _ I was riding through a small dark alley after evening classes in school.答案：riding through；whenturned up；while/when,2直到一个有三只眼睛的黄色的小物体出现，我才意识到发生了什么事。Not until a small yellow creature with three eyes came out _.I didnt realize what happene
21、d until a small yellow creature_._ not until a small yellow creature with three eyes came out _ I realized what happened.答案：did I realize what happenedwith three eyes appeared/turned upIt was；that,【连句成篇】_,【佳作欣赏】Dear editor，I want to tell you a strange thing.It was cloudy that evening，I was riding th
22、rough a small dark alley after evening classes in school when suddenly light appeared in front of me.I tried to see it clearly.Then I found out that it was a triangle flying machine which I was sure I had never seen before.Not until a small yellow creature with three eyes came out did I realize what
23、 happened.The creature looked like the alien in the famous movie ET.I was not able to,say a word.“Is it an alien？” I asked myself.Then the creature asked me how to get to the biology museum.I cant remember what I said to him，but I remember that he smiled at me and said goodbye to me politely.Do you
24、believe me？I cant believe myself，either.It may sound amazing，but it did happen on me.Yours sincerely，Li Hua,【类文点津】一、以记事为主的记叙文，就是以事件为中心组织材料，将对特定时间和地点所发生的事情进行详尽的记叙。以记事为主的记叙文在写作时，一定要做到主题鲜明突出、清楚具体，内容深刻感人。对中心事件和最能体现中心思想的地方，要详细叙述；次要的东西，要少写或不写。叙事性记叙文可以从以下几个角度进行考虑：1确定视角、合理叙事。一般来说，以记事为主的记叙文展开记叙的视角,有两个：第一人称，即
25、从“参与者”的角度进行记叙；第三人称，即以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，要根据具体情况合理选用。另一方面，在确定了记叙视角后，不可随意变来变去，以免破坏文章的连贯性以及打乱读者的思路。2按时叙事、先后有序。在以叙事为主的记叙文中，最常用的就是按事情发生的时间顺序进行记叙。有时也可采用倒叙、插叙等方法以产生某种特定的效果。3叙事为主、写人为辅。在确定了记叙的视角、叙事方式后，还要确定叙事为主、写人为辅的主导思路。这样才能准确地表明文章的思想内涵并达到预期的目的与效果。,二、写作模板One.(it was fine/raining/cloudy)I was doing sth.when./Sudden
26、ly，sth.happened.So first I and.Then I.Meanwhile，.Finally.The next day.What a happy/terrible/busy/pleasant day.,The lakes of North America also have their share of mysterious creatures.There have been sightings of curious creatures in most big lakes.None of these monsters are as famous as Nessie who
27、lives in Loch Ness in Scotland but some have become local legends.For nearly four hundred years，there have been sightings of a strange creature living in Lake Champolion.It is said to have a long neck and a very small head.All the photographs of this monster are not clear，so no one knows if it really exists.,北美的湖泊也有其应得的神秘的生物。目前已发现大湖区的神秘的动物的踪迹。这些怪物没有一个像苏格兰尼斯湖水怪一样闻名，但有些已经成为当地的传说。将近四百年，已经有了奇怪的生物生活在Champolion湖。据说有长长的脖子和一个非常小的脑袋。这个怪物的所有照片都不清楚，所以没有人知道它是否真的存在。,温馨提示为方便教学使用，单元综合检测部分单独装订，为检验教学成果，敬请使用模块综合检测(六)。,
