1、秋风清，秋月明,落叶聚还散,寒鸦栖复惊。A类图表作文各个击破（流程图、柱图、曲线图、表格）.5.2 表格4.5.2.1 解题关键F 1表格与饼图一样，都是静态图。切入点在描述分配；F 2表格题考查列举数字的能力和方法。通过举一些有代表性的数据来说明问题；F 3横向比较。介绍横向各个数据的区别、变化和趋势；F 4纵向比较。介绍纵向各个数据的区别、变化和趋势；F 5不需要将每一个数据分别说明，突出强调数据最大值和最小值；F 6对比时要总结出数据对比最悬殊的和最小的。4.5.2.2表格举例Topic 4-4：The table below shows carbon dioxide emissions
2、 from transport in three European countries in 1994 and 2004Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.（表格贴不上，大家看附件吧 _） 范文The given table provides an overview of carbon dioxide emissions from four main transport sources (namely，road tra
3、nsport，railways，civil aviation and shipping) in the United Kingdom，France and Germany in 1994 and 2004Germany，although having higher emissions than either the United Kingdom or France did，saw the amount decrease slightly from 47.2 to 46.7 million tonnesBy comparison，France recorded an increase of fo
4、ur million tonnes from 34.7 million in 1994，while the United Kingdom had a smaller growth，2.5 million tonnes over the same period（纵向比较三个国家1994到2004年间二氧化碳释放量的整体趋势变化。）In all the three countries, road transport was responsible for the majority of emissions（横向对四个二氧化碳释放源进行比较，点明最大释放源）In the United Kingdom
5、，road transport produced emissions up to 32.6 million tonnes in 2004，2 million more than ten years earlier，while other three transport sources did not show any remarkable growth（接着对三个国家的释放源进行描述说明，说明从1994年到2004年间的变化）A similar pattern was seen in France，where road transport added 3.6 million tonnes to
6、 the total emissions within ten yearsGermany，by contrast，was the only country of the three to experience a drop in road transport emissions（比较德国和英国法国的区别）Other three transport sources had a lower emission volume as well，except civil aviation，with the amount rising to 1.2 million（对其它二氧化碳释放源进行描述，比较10年间
7、的变化）As shown in the table，both UK and France failed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from transport sources during the period 1994 to 2004，in contrast to the decrease in GermanyRoad transport continued to account for the biggest source of emissions(237 words)Topic 4-5：Write a report for a universi
8、ty lecturer，describing the information shown belowYou should write at least 150 words（表格贴不上，大家看附件吧 _） 范文：The table provides information about the favored tourist destinations in the city of Llorente of different age groupsEach figure for destinations shows the percentage of tourists who visited the
9、destinations on their last holidayThere are four age groupstwenties，thirties， forties，and over 50-year-old group（点明表格提供不同年龄段所喜欢的旅游地点的信息。）The most favored destination for all age groups was shopping centresThe percentage of tourists who visited there was more than 80, and 95 of tourists of the fortie
10、s group visited there. The percentages of tourists who vislted art galleries，zoos，and museums increased as the the age of tourists increased. For example，only 21 of people in the twenties visited art galleries，however，81 of the oldest age group visited thereOn the other hand，the percentages of touri
11、sts who visited nightclubs， discotheques，and cinemastheatres decreased as the age increasedFor example，87of tourists in twenties visited discotheques，however，only 5 of the oldest age group did so.（按大家都喜欢的地点老年人喜欢的地点年轻人喜欢的地点这个逻辑顺序进行描述；用on the other hand, for example 等连接词来串联句子。）To sum up，favored destin
12、ations were different for each age group，however，almost all tourists visited shopping centers(176 words)（总结得出结论。）4.5.2.3表格常用词汇noticeable trend 明显趋势pronounced adj. 明显的significant changes一些较大变化rank n. vt. vi. 列为，排列，等级distribute vt. 分布，区别unequally adv. 不相等地average n. vt. vi. adj. 平均corresponding adj. 相
13、应的，通讯的represent vt. 阐述，表现overall adj. 总体上讲in the case of adv. 在.的情况下in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在.方面4.5.2.4表格常用表达 开头概述1) The table shows (reveals，illustrates，demonstrates，depicts，describes，indicates) _.2) According to the table, _.3) As (is) shown in the table, _.4) As can be seen from t
14、he table, _.5) Figuresstatistics show (that) _.6) It can be seen from the figuresstatistics that _.7) It is clear from the figuresstatistics that _.8) It is apparent from the figuresstatistics that _. 描述比例1) _ accounts for (takes up) 20 of all. _占总数的20。2) On the top of the list is _, which accounts
15、for 70 比例最高的是_，占70。3) At the bottom of the list is _，which takes up 20 only 比例最低的是_，仅占20。4) A ranks first，followed by B at 20 and C at 15 A占比例最大，其次是B占20及C占15。5) The figure reached the highestlowest point in _. 数据在_时候达到最高点(最低点)。 描述对比1) A has almost (nearlyabout) over a quarter (halftwiceone third) as
16、 many students as (as much money as) B.A的学生数钱(差不多)是B的四分之一一半两倍三分之一一样。2) A has about (approximatelyexactlyprecisely) the same number (proportionamount) of students (money) as BA和B的学生钱数量比例差不多正好一样。3) A has something in common with B.A与B有一些共同点。4) The difference between A and B lies in _.A与B的不同之处在于_。 描述趋势
17、1) The number increased （/rose） suddenly （dramaticallyrapidlysubstantiallyconsiderablysharply） from _ to _.数量从_激增到_。2) During 1990 to 2000，there was a sudden （rapiddramaticsubstantialsharpconsiderable） rise （boom） in the number of private cars from _ to _. 1990年到2000年间，私人汽车的数量从_急剧增长到_。3) The ten yea
18、rs from 1990 to 2000 witnessed （/saw） a steady growth of private cars from _ to _. 1990年到2000年10年间，私人汽车的数量从_稳步增长到_。4) The number of private cars increased (rose / felldroppeddeclineddecreased) by 20 私人汽车数量增长了(或：降低了)20。5) The number of private cars in 2000 was 5 times more than that in 1990 2000年私人汽车
19、数量是1990年的5倍。6) The number of private cars roughly (/approximately) doubled (tripled) between 1990 and 2000 1990年到2000年间，私人汽车数量大约是原来的2倍(3倍)。 结尾1) We can conclude from the table that _.2) In short (In brief), _.3) In conclusion, _.4) To conclude, it seems clear that _.5) From the tablediagram, we can
20、see _.6) As can be seen from the charttablediagram, _.7) It is clear (/apparent) from the chart (/graphtable) that _.4.5.2.5表格模板The table shows _.(简要介绍表中呈现的信息。)According to the figures，as people age in Someland, their social lives reduceTeenagers and people in their twenties _. People in their 30s，4
21、0s，50s and 60s _.(general statement，点明从数据中概括得出的一种趋势。)Group and individual exercise follow a similar patternPeople of all ages spend a good part of their leisure time on entertainment. Teenagers and retired people _. For everybody else, _.(general statement，点明从数据中概括得出的另一种趋势。)Consequently，it can be co
22、ncluded that there is a significant trend towards _.4.5.3 曲线图4.5.3.1 解题关键F 1曲线图和柱状图都是动态图，解题的切入点在于描述趋势。F 2在第二段的开头部分对整个曲线进行一个阶段式的总分类，使写作层次清晰，同时也方便考官阅卷。接下来再分类描述每个阶段的specific trend，同时导入数据作为分类的依据。F 3趋势说明。即，对曲线的连续变化进行说明，如上升、下降、波动、持平。以时间为比较基础的应抓住“变化”：上升、下降、或是波动。题中对两个或两个以上的变量进行描述时应在此基础上进行比较，如变量多于两个应进行分类或有侧重
23、的比较。F 4极点说明。即对图表中最高的、最低的点单独进行说明。不以时间为比较基础的应注意对极点的描述。F 5交点说明。即对图表当中多根曲线的交点进行对比说明。F 6不要不做任何说明就机械地导入数据，这不符合雅思的考试目的。4.5.3.2曲线图举例Topic 4-6：The graph shows the rate of smoking of man and women in Scotland from 1960 to 2000.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make com
24、parisons where relevant. You should write at least 150 words（图贴不上，大家下载附件吧 ） 范文The line chart compares the rate of smoking of men and women in Scotland from 1960 to 2000. It can be clearly seen that the rate of smoking for both men and women was declining and that fewer women smoked during the period
25、.(点明图表主要趋势，用compare这个词揭示下面的文章结构。)In 1960, 600 men in every l,000 smoked. This number decreased gradually to 500 by 1974 and continued to decrease steeply to 250 by 2000In contrast, the smoking rate for women was very low, only 80 in every 1,000 in 1960By 1968 this increased to 170 and rose again mor
26、e steeply to 320 in 1977The rate of female smokers then remained stable at 320 until in 1984，at which point the figures began to decline and dropped to 200 by 2000(按时间先后顺序描述男性吸烟者的发展趋势，用in contrast连接女性吸烟者，承上启下，并形成对比。)In conclusion，we can see that the rate of smoking of men dropped throughout the whol
27、e period but was always higher than that of womenThe rate of female smokers increased until 1977，but then decreased for the rest of the period. (176 words)(结尾段中换一种方式描述结论，与开头段相互呼应。)Topic 4-7：The line chart bellow shows serious violent crime levels from 1978 to 2000 in the USSerious violent crimes inc
28、lude rape，robbery，aggravated assault and homicide. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.（图贴不上，大家下载附件吧 ） 范文The multiple-line graph demonstrates trends in violent crime levels in the US during the period 1978 to 2000.In the first te
29、n years，there were fluctuations in the total crime level，but the overall trend was upbeatBy about 1989，it rose to a record high，around 4.5 offences per thousand Americans，half the figure in 1980 (slightly over 3 offences)，the lowest ever recorded during the given periodVictimisations rose and fell a
30、t a lower level between 2 and 2.5 offences over the same period，while crimes recorded by police showed a steady increase，reaching its highest in the year 1994，over 1.5 offences in a thousandThe arrest rate was the lowest，levelling off below 0.5 offences per 1,000From 1988 onwards，the total violent c
31、rime level declined gradually，so did victimisations reported to policeIn 2000，3 out of a thousand Americans committed violent crime，while half as many victims were reported to the policeAs to crimes recorded by police and arrests for violent crime，both dropped slightly in the last five years and the
32、 figures were 1.5 and 0.5 offences respectively in 2000Overall，the violent crime rate，as well as victimisations reported to police，crimes recorded and arrests for violent crime，was not subject to strong fluctuations in the final two decades of the last century，although by the end of the century，ther
33、e was a trend toward lower violent crime levels. (240 words)4.5.3.3曲线图常用词汇 动词九大运动趋势一：表示向上：increase，rise，improve，grow，ascend，mount，aggrandize，go up，climb， take off， jump，shoot up暴涨，soar，rocket， skyrocket举例：人口上升：the number of population increased/ascended/mounted等等。二：表示上升后保持平稳：flatten out(下降或升高后变平)， l
34、evel off举例：人口上升后保持平稳：the number of population mounted and leveled off.三：表示复苏（下降后再上升）：recover，bounce back举例：人口下降后复苏：the number of population decreased and recovered.四：表示下降：decrease，decline，descend，drop， fall，go down，come down，collapse， crash， fall off， slump， plummet， plunge， slide，shrink, dwindle, d
35、iminish举例：人口减少：the number of population decreased/ declined.五：表示下降后保持平稳：bottom out，flatten out(下降或升高后变平)举例：人口下降后保持平稳：the number of population decreased and bottomed out.六：表示稳定或水平：remain steady/constant，stay stable, stabilize， stagnate，flatten out(下降或升高后变平)， level off， stay at the same level， be simi
36、lar to， there is littlehardly anyno change举例：表示人口数量保持平稳的时候可以写: the number of population stayed stable. /the number of population remained steady.七：表示波动：fluctuate举例：人口波动：the number of population fluctuated.八：表示在底部：reach a low point，bottom out，reach the bottom，reach the rock，hit a trough九：表示在顶部：reach
37、a peak，peak，top out，reach the highest point/ the top/ the summit/ the most，peak in/at，reach the zenith举例：人口到达了顶峰：the number of population peaked/ reached its summit/ reached its zenith. 形容词和副词变化程度abrupt(ly)(突然)，sudden(ly)(突然)，dramatic(ally)(急剧)，drastic(ally)(急剧)，sharp(ly)(急剧)，quick(ly)(迅速)，rapid(ly)
38、(迅速)，marked(ly)(显著)，significant(ly)(显著)，considerable(considerably)(相当)，substantial(ly)(相当) moderate(ly)(适当)，gradual(ly)(逐渐)，slight(ly)(轻微)，slow(ly)(缓慢)，steady(steadily)(平缓) 名词line chart线图，curve diagram曲线图，horizontal axis横轴，vertical axis纵轴，plateau(上升后的稳定期)，record high历史高度，record low历史低点，trough (曲线上的)
39、最小值，zenith(最高值), general trend，upward/downward tend增加：an increase，a rise，a growth， an improvement， an upturn， a surge， an upsurge， an upward trend下降：a fall， a decrease， a decline， a drop， a downturn， a downturn trend，low point，reduction波动：fluctuation 介词一. remain steady/ stay stable/ level off/ botto
40、m out/ peak/reach its peak/ reach its zenith后面需要使用的是at.举例: 1.人口在500万上保持平稳: The number of population remained steady at 5 million.2. 人口在800万时到达了顶峰: The number of population peaked at 8 million.3. 下降后，人口在400万保持平稳:After decreasing, the number of population bottomed out at 4 million.4. 上升后，人口在700万保持平稳:
41、After mounting, the number of population leveled off at 7 million.二. 上升/下降后面使用to(到)和by(了)举例:1. 人口下降到200万: number of population decreased to 2 million.2. 人口下降了200万: number of population decreased by 2 million.3. 人口上升到1000万: number of population increased to 10 million.4. 人口上升了500万: number of populati
42、on increased by 5 million.三. recover的后面大家需要使用的是from举例: 人口在200万时开始复苏: The number of population recovered from 2 million.四. fluctuate的后面大家需要连接between and举例: 人口在20和100亿之间波动: The number of population fluctuated between 2 and 10 billion.4.5.3.4曲线图常用表达 开头概述常用表达1) The line chart depicts the changes in the
43、number of _ over the period from 2000 to 2004 该曲线图描述了从2000年到2004年_数量的变化。2） The chart provides some data regarding the fluctuations of _ from 2000 to 2004 该曲线图描述了从2000年到2004年_的变动。3) The graph，presented in the curve diagram，shows the general trend in _. 该图以曲线图的形式描述了_总的趋势。4) This is a line chart showin
44、g _. 这是一个曲线图，描述了_。5) As can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the fluctuations of _. 如图所示，两条曲线描述了_波动的情况。 描述曲线常用表达1)The _ in the graph is measured in units，each of which is equivalent to _. 图表中的_以_为单位，每单位等于_。2) The horizontal axis stands for _. 横轴代表了_。3) The vertical axis stands for _. 纵轴代表了
45、_。4)There was a rapid (/dramaticdrasticsharpgreatremarkableslightlittleslow) increase (/risedecreasedropfalldecline) of A over the period from _ to _. 从_到_期间A有快速 / 剧烈急速很大明显很小几乎没有缓慢地增长下降。5) The curve appeared to level off in 1988 曲线似乎在1988年稳定下来。6) The situation reached a peak (/high point) at _ in 2000. 这种情况在2000年到达一个顶点，为_。7) The situation fell down to (/reached) the bottom in 2000 这种情况在2000年降到低谷。8) The figures hit a trough in 2000 这些数字2000年降到最低点。4.5.3.5曲线图模板The line chart compares the rate of A and B . It can be c
