1、非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句的区别一、限定性定语从句,顾名思义,是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句,它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或事、物。限定性定语从句与被修饰词之间的关系密切，对其起限定作用，因此不可缺少，否则会影响全句的意义。限定性定语从句前不用逗号。The gift (that / which) I gave to her is a pet dog.我给她的那份礼物是一只宠物狗。（the gift 在后面从句中相当于gave的宾语成分，所以关系代词that / which 可以省略。）A man who is lazy cant learn much.一个懒的
2、人学不了多少东西。(a man 在后面从句中相当于主语成分，所以who不能省略。) 二非限定性定语从句与被修饰词之间的关系松散，不能对其起限定作用，而是提供有用的补充。在口语中用停顿表示，在书面表达中用逗号与句子的其他部分分开，因此句中的关系代词不能省略。如：I gave her a gift, which is a pet dog.我给了她一份礼物，是一只宠物狗。（引导非限定性定语从句时,用which而不用that。）引导非限定性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指前面整个句子的含义。如：He didnt win the championship, which I hadnt
3、expected.他没获得冠军,这一点是我没预料到的。除which外,还可用when, where, who，whom等关系代、副词引导非限定性定语从句。如：1He is a lazy man, who cant learn much. 他很懒，学不了什么东西。2He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved and respected as his own mother.他急于想去医院看望他的继母,他把他的继母当作亲生母亲一样热爱和尊敬。3After graduation, I decided t
4、o stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life.毕业后,我决定留在重庆,在那里我曾度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。另：由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.1）Alice r
5、eceived an invitation from her boss, _came as a surprise.A. it B. that C. whichD. he 答案C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。2）The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it 答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。3）It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park.A. thatB. whichC. as D. it答案B.
