1、姓名:_家长签字:_Grammar time(语法知识) 一般过去时 【1】概念:一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 【2】时间状语:just now(刚才), ago(以前), last(上个), yesterday(昨天) ,the day before yesterday(前天), this morning等。【3】Be动词在一般过去时中的变化: am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt) are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent) 带有was或wer
2、e的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 例句:The king was happy.否定句:The king was not happy.一般疑问句:Was the king happy?例句:There were a lot of people in the street.否定句:There were not a lot of people in the street.一般疑问句:Were there a lot of people in the street?【4】句中没有be动词的一般过去时的
3、句子 否定句:didnt +动词原形 例句:Jim went home yesterday.(变为否定句) Jim didnt go home yesterday. (went还原为go,因为didnt也是助动词,而助动词后面动词用原形) 一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 例句:Jim went home yesterday.(改为一般疑问句) Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形? 如:What did Jim do yesterday? 吉姆昨天干什么的?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式? 如:Who
4、 went to home yesterday? 【5】动词过去式变化规则: 1.一般情况下在动词词尾直接加-ed,如:point-pointed;laugh-laughed 2.以“e”结尾的动词,加d,如:like-liked3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式: am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-
5、went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat【语法】牢记四个四,学好过去时一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间短语连用。其谓语动词用过去式来表达。记好我帮你们总结的四个四,相信你能够了解并能熟练地运用。四种用法
6、:表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。例如:Iwenttoschoolat7:00yesterdaymorning.我昨天早晨七点去上学。表示在过去某个时间存在的状态。例如:Shewasnotathomelastnight.她昨晚八点没在家。表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和often(经常)、always(总是)、sometimes(有时)等表示频率的时间状语连用。例如:Heoftenhadlunchatschoollastmonth.他上个月经常在学校吃午饭。表示已故的人所做的事情或情况。例如:BaJinwrotealotofnovelsforus.巴金写了很多部小说。四种时间状语:ye
7、sterday及相关短语。例如:yesterdaymorning/afternoon/evening昨天上午/下午/晚上。“last+时间状语”构成的短语。例如:lastnight/month/spring/year昨晚/上个月/去年春天/去年。“一段时间+ago”组成的短语。例如:threedaysago三天以前fouryearsago四年以前。“介词+时间名词”组成的短语。例如:in1999在1999年;onthemorningofDecember25th在12月25号早上。四种谓语动词的表现形式:be动词的过去式was、were.例如:Shewasateacherfiveyearsago
8、.她五年前是一名教师。行为动词的过去式,分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。规则动词的过去式的构成遵循以下四个规则:1)be动词的过去式:am/iswas,arewere2)行为动词过去式的“规则”变化:一般动词,在词尾直接加ed,如:looklooked,workworked以不发音的e结尾的动词,直接加d,如:likeliked,livelived以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加ed,如:studystudied,crycried双写末尾字母,再加ed,如:stopstopped,plan(计划)planned,shopshopped而不规则动词的过去式则需要认真下工夫去记了,例如:go
9、-went;come-came;buy-bought等。连系动词的过去式。(补充拓展)例如:become(变得,变成)-becameShebecameangry.她生气了。情态动词的过去式+动词原形。例如:Icouldswimattheageoffive.我五岁时就会游泳了。补充扩展:四种句式的构成:一般过去时态的肯定句式“主语+动词过去式+其它”例如:Jennyboughtaskirtyesterday.詹妮昨天买了一件短裙。一般过去时态的否定句式“主语+didnt+动词原形+其它”例如:Jennydidntbuyaskirtyesterday.詹妮昨天没有买短裙。一般过去时态的一般疑问句式
10、“Did+主语+动词原形+其它”例如:DidJennybuyaskirtyesterday?詹妮昨天买短裙了吗?一般过去时态的特殊疑问句式“疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它”例如:WhatdidJennybuyyesterday?詹妮昨天买了什么?怎么样?通过以上的讲解,你对一般过去时态有所了解并能够熟练地运用了吗?希望你越学越进步!表一:+ed或者+d规则过去式发音表二:不规则过去式浊辅音后/d/清辅音后/t/t/,/d/后/Id/closeddancedshoutedlivedlikedskatedusedpickedwantedplayedlookedvisitedlisteneda
11、skedcollectedopenedwalkedplantedrainedlaughedstartedshowedwatchedpointedclimbedwashedneededwateredstoppedstudiedhappenedis/am-wascomecamemeetmetarewerebecome-becamesweepsweptcan-couldmakemadebuy-boughtdo/doesdideatatebringbroughthave/has-hadgivegavecatch-caughtgetgotsitsatteach-taughtsaysaid/e/sings
12、angwritewrotetelltoldrunranlose-lostgowentswimswamseesawfindfoundtake-tookflyflewread-readwear-woredrawdrewputputUnit1Thekingsnewclothes三重要句型。v六上Unit2Whataday!单元知识整理姓名:_家长签字:_重点单词1.sunny晴朗的2.show展示,展览3.interesting有趣的,有意思的4.weather天气5.become变成,变为6.windy有风的7.cloudy多云的8.high在高处9.sky天空10.bring带来11.honey
13、蜂蜜12.drink饮料13.ant蚂蚁14.bee蜜蜂15.cloud云16.rain下雨,雨水(不可数名词)17.rainy多雨的,有雨的18.meet遇到,遇见19.lose丢失20.know知道21.Whathappened?出了什么事?22.climbup爬上23.holdonto抓紧24.flyaway飞走25.September九月26.wet潮湿27.parrot鹦鹉28.pick挑,捡,摘29.Welldone!做得好!30.sad伤心,悲伤注:字体加粗单词为旧教材3A5B没有而本课中出现的词汇。重点词组1.Whataday!多么糟糕的一天啊!2.on20thSeptembe
14、r在9月20日3.inthemorning在上午4.aparrotshow鹦鹉展览5.gototheparkbybike骑自行车去公园6.someinterestingparrots一些有趣的鹦鹉7.becomewindyandcloudy变得有风和多云8.flykites放风筝9.highinthesky高高地在天空中10.Itstimeforlunch.午饭的时间到了。11.bringsomedumplings带来一些饺子12.someants一些蚂蚁13.blackclouds乌云14.hungryandwet又饿又潮湿15.allday一整天16.bringlunchtothepark
15、带午餐到公园17.welldone干得好,做得好18.havelunch吃午饭19.theNewYear新年20.cheertogether一起欢呼21.playbasketballintheplayground在操场上打篮球22.goaway离开23.looksad看起来伤心24.Whatsthematter?怎么了?Whathappened?出什么事了?25.losemynewkite丢失了我的新风筝26.wanttoknow想知道27.Whathappened?出什么事了?28.climbupthehill爬上小山29.flyhigh飞得很高30.holdonto抓紧31.flyaway
16、飞走32.haveapicnic野餐33.nearthehill在小山附近34.lastSunday上星期天35.goswimming去游泳36.watchafilm看电影37.dothehousework做家务38.onMondaymorning在星期一上午39.getup起床40.gotoschool去上学41.eatourlunch吃我们的午饭42.findmynewkite找到我的新风筝【语法】不规则动词的过去式:本单元出现了许多不规则动词的过去式形式,同学们结合句子加以总结记忆。如:1.LiuTaoandIwenttotheparkbybike.(gowent)2.Wesawsome
17、interestingparrots.(seesaw)3.Theweatherbecamewindyandcloudy.(becomebecame)4.Weflewkiteshighinthesky.(flyflew)5.Webroughtsomedumplings,somebreadandhoneyandsomedrinks.(bringbrought)6.Wesawsomeantsonthebreadandhoney.(seesaw)7.Wecouldnoteatourlunch.(cancould)8.Ilostmynewkite.(lose-lost)9.Thismorning,Tin
18、aandIflewmynewkiteinthepark.(flyflew)10.Thekiteflewhigh,butitflewtoohighandwecouldntholdontoit.Itflewaway.11.Ifounditnearthehill.(findfound)12.Igotupatseven.(getgot)13.Iwenttoschoolateight.(gowent)14.WehadapicniclastSunday.(havehad)15.IdidthehouseworklastSunday.(dodid)另外,课文中(包含第一单元)出现的一些动词,也有不规则动词过去
19、式形式,可加以补充:meetmet,holdheld,taketook,saysaid,telltold,givegave,makemade,thinkthought,writewrote,eataterain,rainy的用法1.Thereisalotofraininspring.(不可数名词,雨水)2.Itoftenrainsinspring.(动词,下雨,一般现在时)Itrainedyesterday.(动词,下雨,一般过去时)Itisrainingnow.(动词,下雨,现在进行时)3.Itwasrainytwodaysago.(形容词,多雨的)1)1rain+yrainy2cloud+
20、ycloudy3wind+ywindy4sun(双写n)+ysunny2)一般过去式中不规则的动词变化:(不规则的动词变化需要同学们逐个去记忆,以下是本单元出现的不规则变化)become(became)bring(brought)can(could)fly(flew)go(went)see(saw)take(took)have(had)get(got)tell(told)一般过去时,肯定句有两种:1)主语+be动词过去式+其他如:Iwastiredyesterday.(昨天)Wewereintheparklastweekend(上个周末). 注意:单数was,复数were,不可数名词作主语,看
21、成单数用was。2)主语+行为动词过去式+其他如:IwatchedTVyesterday.(昨天)Theyvisitedtheirfriendsthismorning.Shelistenedtomusiclastweek(上周).注意:行为动词的过去式没有数的变化。【语言知识点】1.本单元storytime是一篇日记。星期和日期写在左上角,天气写在右上角。日期格式用月日年(美式)或日月年(英式)都可以。(1)年、月、日都写时,通常以月、日、年为顺序,月份可以缩写,日和年用逗号隔开。例如:December18,2003或者Dec.18,2003。(2)如果要写星期,星期要紧挨日期,它既可以放在日
22、期前面,也可以放在日期后面,星期也可以省略不写。星期和日期之间不用标点,但要空一格,星期也可缩写。例如:ThursdayDec.18,2003或Dec.18,2003Thursday(3)天气情况必不可少。天气一般用一个形容词如:Sunny,Fine,Rainy,Snowy等表示。天气通常位于日记的右上角。2.Itwassunnyinthemorning.在早晨天气是晴朗的.这是用来描写天气的过去时的句型,表示天气的形容词一般由其相对应的名词或动词变化而来。如:sun-sunnycloud-cloudywind-windyrain-rainy3.Theweatherbecamewindyand
23、cloudy.天气变得既有风又多云了。这里became是become的过去式,译为“变得”,是系动词,用于修饰形容词,即系动词+形容词,另外我们学过的系动词还有be、get、look如:Itwasrainyyesterday.昨天是个下雨天。Youlooksad.你看起来伤心。Inautumn,thedaysgetshorter.秋天,白天时间变得短了。4.Itwastimeforlunch.该吃午饭的时候了。这是Itstimefor句型的过去时表达,另外表示“该的时候了”还可以用itstimeto.Itstimefor后面跟名词或动名词,Itstimeto后面跟动词原形,两者可以互换,如上述
24、句子可以转化为Itwastimetohavelunch.再如:Itstimeforschool.相当于Itstimetogotoschool.Itstimeforclass.相当于Itstimetohaveaclass.5.Therewasaparrotshowinthepark.在公园有一个鹦鹉表演。在这个句子中,show是名词,意为“展示,演出”。之前,我们学过show是动词,意为“出示”。如:LiuTaoshowedhispicturestohisfriends.刘涛把他的画给他的朋友们看。我们学过类似的单词还有:watch(n.手表,v.观看),play(n.戏剧,v.玩,玩耍),ra
25、in(n.雨,v.下雨),park(n.公园,v.停车),fly(n.苍蝇,v.飞),如:Thereisalotofraininourcity.我们城市雨水很多。Itisrainingnow.现在在下雨。CanIparkmycarinthepark?我能把车停在公园里吗?【语音】ear/双唇始终半开,发音从/滑向/,嘴巴不要张得太大。ear,dear,hear,near,year,nearly不规则动词的过去式gowent去see-saw看见bring-brought带来become-became变成,变得fly-flew飞,放can-could能take-tooklose-lost丢失fin
26、d-found找到have/has-had有do/does-did做hold-held抓住grow-grew种植draw-drew画buy-bought买catch-caught捉read-read读,朗读make-made制作sing-sang唱swim-swam游泳run-ran跑步五年级时所学知识点回顾、复习:序数词1序数词:表示顺序先后的数词。2序数词的构成:序数词一般以与之相对应的基数词的词尾加上th构成,例如:fourfourthsixteensixteenth,但下面这些基数词变为序数词时有其特别之处:(1)onefirsttwosecondthreethirdfivefifth
27、twelvetwelftheighteighthnineninth(2)以ty结尾的整十的数要去y变i,再加-eth,twentytwentieth(3)多位数词,只变个位。twenty-onetwenty-first3序数词的记忆顺口溜:基变序,有规律。一、二、三,特殊记,(onefirst,twosecond,threethird)f来把ve替,(fivefifth,twelvetwelfth)八去t,九去e,(eighteighth,nineninth)ty改成tie,然后再加th,(thirtythirtieth,sixtysixtieth及其他以-ty结尾的数词)其他一律加th.若是
28、碰到几十几,前用基后用序(twenty-onetwenty-first)(说明:括号里的词都是例词,背顺口溜时不需要背出来。)5序数词的缩略形式序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成的。例如:1st2nd3rd4th40th等。1.英语日期的表达结构:the+序数词+of+月份thefirstofJanuary(1月1日)thetwenty-fifthofDecember(12月25日)(说明:英语日期的表达方式不止一种,这是其中的一种。)2.月份单词:January(一月)February(二月)March(三月)April(四月)May(五月)June(六月)July(七月)August(八月)September(九月)October(十月)November(十一月)December(十二月)3.询问日期的句型:Whatdateisittoday?(今天几月几日?)或Whatsthedatetoday?表示“星期几”的单词Monday(星期一)Tuesday(星期二)Wednesday(星期三)Thursday(星期四)Friday(星期五)Saturday(星期六)Sunday(星期日)表示“季节”的单词spring(春天)summer(夏天)autumn(秋天)winter(冬天)season(季节)