1、2010年12月六级听力原文翻译（制作人：BILL,JASON）2010年12月大学英语A部分11、女：这是我们这里最物美价廉的两居室之一。这套房子所在的大楼非常安静，而且靠近公交线路。男：也许吧。但是你看看，这房子太糟糕了。油漆都脱落了，地毯是破的，而且炉子是老式。问：从对话中我们可以推断出什么？12、男：我们在植物园里拍的照片明天应该就能洗出来了。女：我都等不及要看了。我想看看我拍的那些照片是不是想象中的一样漂亮。问：这个女士急切想知道什么？13、女：手提箱的把手坏了。下周二之前你能把它修好吗？男：我看看。我得找一个能跟它配套的把手，不过应该花不了多长时间。问：男士的话是什么意思？14、男
2、：这辆卡车看起来是我想要的那种，但是我担心它的保养问题。我们想买的是必须能在极度寒冷的环境中长时间工作的那种。女：我们有好几种特别适合在极端环境中工作的车型。你想看看吗？问：从对话中我们可以知道关于男士的什么信息？15、男：我想你老板收到你的辞职信时一定会非常郁闷。女：可能吧。但是在那封信里，我只是坦白告诉他我再也无法忍受他那拙劣的管理和愚蠢的决定了。问：关于这女士我们知道了什么？16、女：我想换一下这件衬衫。我刚刚知道要穿这件衬衫的人对羊毛过敏。男：也许我们可以找一件棉质或者丝质的。请这边走。问：这个女士想做什么？17、男：打扰一下，小姐。有人交上来过一个新的手提包吗？你知道，那是我为我妻子
3、买的生日礼物。女：我看看。嗯，我们这里有很多女士的手提包。你能提供些细节信息吗，比如手提包的颜色、大小和商标之类的？问：这个对话最可能发生在哪里？18、女：你打算怎么处理从你祖父那里继承来的那套老房子？男：我曾经打算要卖掉，但是现在我想把它改造成一个宾馆，因为他仍然非常坚固。问：男士打算怎么处理他的老房子？长对话（1925）女：James博士，你写小说的时候知道自己接下来要写什么吗？男：是的，你必须知道，事实上，如果你写的是经典的侦探小说，你必须知道这些，因为侦探小说的情节要严谨，线索要铺陈到位。我定有计划，有行文框架。这并不是说我的计划是正确的，但是在开始写之前我的确是有计划的。然而令人着迷
4、的是一本书在写作过程中的发展变化。在我看来，创造性写作事实上就是一个发现的过程，而不是通常意义上的那种创造。女：当你构思一本书的基本框架式，你需要远离他人以确保不被打扰吗？男：我当然需要不被打扰，绝对需要。我甚至都无法忍受屋里还有其他人。只要有足够的写作空间，待在哪里我都不怎么介意，但是我需要完全独处。女：这对你来说非常重要吗？男：哦，是的。一生中我从没有感到孤单过。女：简直不可思议！从来没有过？男：没有，从来没有。女：你太幸运了。有人曾说每个作家的心里都有些冷漠。男：没错。的确如此。作家能够置身事外去看待经历，并看着他们发生。这是一种“超然”的态度，我知道有一些经历很明显击垮每一个人。但是大
5、多数情况下，一个作者似乎能够使自己置身事外，正是这种超然的态度让人们感觉作家心里有些冷漠。问题19至21是基于你刚刚听到的对话。19、在男士看来，写一本经典侦探小说的关键是什么？29、男士写书时候主要需要什么？21、关于作家，这位男士是怎么说的？女：那么，有竞争的因素，对吗？因为英国铁路公司是一家国有企业，在这个国家只有一个铁路系统。如果你不喜欢某种大豆的话，你可以去买另一种。但是如果你喜欢某条铁路线路，你却无法选择另一条。男：有人给我写信提到了这一点。他们说如果没有垄断的话，你们就不可能做出现在你们所做的事情。不过我认为我们并不是故意让消费者感到心烦的。我们也存在某些问题。自1946年推行运
6、输法，我们公司才实现国有化的。女：你认为那是一件好事吗？你认为铁路国有化对于铁路而言，是一件好事吗？男：嗯，我认为是的。因为总的来说，不同的交通方式随处可见。我们必须面对这个事实。从汽车出现以后，它一直都停留在人们的生活中。这是毫无疑问的。女：那么你的意思是什么呢？你是说如果铁路没有被国有化就会消失吗？男：嗯，我认为会的。在美国，铁路正在快速消失。额，法国铁路每年亏损10亿英镑。德国铁路每年亏损20亿英镑。不过你看，这些国家的政府正准备向运输系统注入资金以维持其继续运行。女：所以，从某种程度上来说，你们是在两个极端中保持一种平衡。一方面，要努力使铁路运输不要亏损太多。另一方面，还得提供最好的服
7、务。男：是的，你说的对。B部分第一篇在全球变暖所带来的最令人恐惧的威胁中，有一个是这样的预测：极地冰盖将会融化，由此引起海平面大幅上升，导致纽约、洛杉矶、上海等沿海城市被淹没。科学家们认为，在这种景象中扮演关键角色的是西南极洲冰原这是一块面积如巴西那样大的、厚度达7000英尺的冰。跟其他融化后对海平面上升几乎没有影响的浮冰架相比，这一冰原被固定在远远低于海平面的基岩上。这个被广阔的海洋包围着的冰原十分脆弱，但是南极专家在这个冰原究竟有多么不稳定这个问题上有很大的分歧。现在，新的证据表明，在过去的130万年里，全部或者说大部分西南极洲冰原至少崩塌过一次，而过去的这130万年里全球温度可能并不比现
8、在高多少。而且这个冰原在过去一直被认为是很稳定的。在地质时代上，100万年算是很近的历史。上周来自瑞典Uppsala大学和美国加利福利亚理工学院的科学家发表在科学上的文章证实了这一点。这些科学家在冰原的边缘钻了很深的洞。从冰原下面的固体物质中所收集的样品里，他们发现了微小的海洋植物的化石，这些化石表明这个地区曾经是开阔的海洋，而不是坚硬的冰原。正如来自加利福利亚理工学院的共同研究者Herman Engleheart所说：“西南极洲冰原曾经消失过，它有可能再次消失。”第二篇写下你自己能亲身尝试的研究常常是非常有趣的。试试这个：拍一张相片并把它上传到Facebook上，大约一天之后，记下相片删掉。
9、一个月后再回来看看这个链接是否仍然有效。结果可能是：仍然有效。在这个问题上，Facebook并非个例。剑桥大学的研究者们发现，当用户要求删除相片的时候，有将近一半的社交网络不会马上照办。一般来说，在用户要求删除照片的时候，像Flickr这样以图片为主的网站会以比较快的速度进行删除。为什么已经“删除”了的照片会滞留这么久呢？这个问题与大型网站存储数据的方式有关：你的个人电脑只保留某个文件的一个副本，但像Facebook这样大型服务网站是依赖内容传送网络处理和发布信息的。这是一个复杂的系统，在这里数据被复制给多个中间设备，这样做的目的通常是为了在上百万用户同时访问网站的时候提高文件的访问速度。但是
10、因为变化没有立即在内容传送网络得到反映，所以文件副本往往会滞留数天或者几个星期。就Facebook而言，这家公司称数据可能会一直滞留到受质疑的网络链接被再次使用时为止，而这通常是“一个很短的时期”，但很明显这个“时期”差别相当大。第三篇喜欢喝冰咖啡吗？最好喝完之后就不要吃晚餐了或者去健身房锻炼。一家癌症慈善机构提醒说一些冰咖啡里包含的热量跟一顿热腾腾的晚餐含的热量一样多。因为越来越多的研究结果证明肥胖和癌症之间有联系，世界癌症研究基金会就几家在英国广受欢迎的咖啡连锁店比如星巴克、尼禄咖啡以及咖世家咖啡里卖的冰咖啡进行了一项调查，测算这些咖啡里面的热量。来自星巴克的一款咖啡，名叫“最坏的罪犯”，
11、里面包含561卡的热量。还有一些冰咖啡里包含的热量超过了450卡，而大部分冰咖啡里的热量都超过了200卡。健康专家建议为了保持健康的体重，一般的女性一天应该摄入2000卡的热量，而一个男性应该摄入大约2500卡。节食者一天的摄入量应该是1000卡到15000卡之间。“市场上一杯冰咖啡里包含的热量超过了一位女性一天应该摄入的总热量的四分之一，这应该引起人们的警惕，”总部位于伦敦的世界癌症研究基金会科学项目经理Rachel Thompson博士在一项被广泛报道的声明中说，“这些热量可能是你想从一顿晚餐中得到的，但不是从一杯饮料中。”随着越来越多中癌症的风险，世界癌症研究基金会估计，在英国，如果人们
12、能减掉多余的体重的话，那么每年将会有19000人避免患上癌症。她补充说：“如果你经常喝这几种咖啡，那么它们会增加你变胖的几率，进而增加你患癌症以及其他疾病的几率，比如心脏病。”C部分心理学家发现，在取得学术成就、承担棘手工作和应对不幸的疾病等诸多领域里，希望起着令人惊讶的、举足轻重的作用，它能够给人们带来巨大的优势。相反，丧失希望也是一个人可能会自杀的强烈预兆，这一预兆比其他一直被认为很危险的因素更严重。“迄今我们所做的每项研究都证明，希望能有力地预言事情的结果，”心理学家Charles R. Snyder博士说。他设计了一个等级体系来评定一个人有多少希望。举个例来说，在对3920名大学生进行
13、的研究中，Snyder博士和他的同事们发现，在大一新生第一个学期刚刚开始的时候，与通常被用来预测大学生成绩的SAT分数或高中学分成绩的平均分数相比，他们中心的希望值能更准确地预测出他们的大学成绩。“那些希望值比较高的学生会给自己定下更高的目标，而且他们知道如何努力去实现这些目标，”Snyder博士说，“当你比较智商与以往成绩都相当的学生时，将他们区分开的就是他们心中的希望值。”在发明一种能够科学地测算希望值的方法的过程中，Snyder博士打破了希望仅仅是一切都会好起来的简单概念。“那个概念不过具体，而且它混淆了希望的两个关键要素，”Snyder博士说。“拥有希望意味着你相信自己拥有实现目标的意
14、愿和方法，无论这个目标是什么。”2010年12月大学英语Section A11.W: This is one of our best and least expensive two-bedroom listings. Its located in a quiet building and its close to bus lines.M: That maybe true. But look at it, its awful, the paint has peeled off and carpet is worn and the stove is ancient.Q: What can we i
15、nfer from the conversation?12.M: The pictures we took at the botanical garden should be ready tomorrow.W: I cant wait to see them, Im wondering if the shots I took are as good as I thought.Q: What is the woman eager to know?13.W: The handle of the suitcase is broken. Can you have it fixed by next Tu
16、esday?M: Let me see, I need to find a handle that matches but that shouldnt take too long.Q: What does the man mean?14.M: This truck looks like what I need but Im worried about maintenance. For us itll have to operate for long periods of time in very cold temperatures.W: We have several models that
17、are especially adaptive for extreme conditions. Would you like to see them?Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?15.M: I think your boss would be very upset when he gets your letter of resignation.W: That may be so. But in the letter, I just told him frankly I could no longer live
18、with his poor management and stupid decisions.Q: What do we learn about the woman?16.W: Id like to exchange the shirt. Ive learned that the person bought it for allergic to wool.M: Maybe we can find something in cotton or silk. Please come this way.Q；What does the women want to do？17.M: Excuse me, M
19、iss？Did anyone happen to turn in a new handbag? You know, its a birthday gift for my wife.W: Let me see. Oh, weve got quite a lot of womens bags here. Can you give me more detailed information, such as the color, the size and the trademark?Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?18.
20、W: What are you going to do with the old house you are in heritage from your grandfather?M: I once intended to sell it, but now, Im thinking of turning it into a guest house, because its still a solid structure.Q: What does the man plan to do with his old house?长对话（1925）W: When you write a novel, do
21、 you know where youre going, Dr. James?M: Yes, you must, really, if youre writing the classical detective story, because it must be so carefully plotted and so carefully clued. I have schemes. I have charts. I have diagrams. It doesnt mean to say that I always get it right, but I do plan before I be
22、gin writing. But what is so fascinating is how a book changes during the process of writing. It seems to me that creative writing is a process of revelation, really, rather than of creativity in the ordinary sense.W: When youre planning the basic structure, do you like to go away to be sure that you
23、re by yourself?M: I need to be by myself certainly, absolutely. I cant even bare anybody else in the house. I dont mind much where I am as long as Ive got enough space to write, but I need to be completely alone.W: Is that very important to you?M: Oh, yes. Ive never been lonely in all my life.W: How
24、 extraordinary! Never?M: No, never.W: Youre very lucky. Someone once said that theres a bit of ice at the heart of every writer.M: Yes. I think this is true. The writer can stand aside from experience and look at it, watch it happening. There is this detachment and I realize that there are obviously
25、 experiences which would overwhelm everyone. But very often, a writer can appear to stand aside, and this detachment makes people feel theres a bit of ice in the heart.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What is the key to write a good classical detective story a
26、ccording to the man?20. What does the man mainly need when working on a book?21. What does the man say about writers?W: There is an element there about competition then, isnt there? Because British railways are a nationalized industry. Theres only one railway system in the country. If you dont like
27、a particular kind of big beans, you can go and buy another. But if you dont like a particular railway, you cant go and use another.M: Some people who write to me say this. They say that if you didnt have monopoly, you wouldnt be able to do the things you do. Well, I dont think we do anything deliber
28、ately to upset our customers. We have particular problems. Since 1946, when the Transport Act came in, we were nationalized.W: Do you think thats a good thing? Has it been a good thing for the railways, do you think, to be nationalized?M: Oh I think so, yes. Because in general, modes of transport ar
29、e all around. Lets face the fact. The car arrived. The car is here to stay. There is no question about that.W: So what are you saying then? Is it if the railways happen being nationalized, they would simply have disappeared?M: Oh, I think they would have. Theyre disappearing fast in America. Er, the
30、 French railways lose 1 billion ponds a year. The German railways, 2 billion ponds a year. But you see, those governments are preparing to pour money into the transport system to keep it going.W: So in a sense, you cope between two extremes. On the one hand, youre trying not to lose too much money.
31、And on the other hand, youve got to provide the best service.M: Yes, you are right.Section BPassage OneAmong global warmings most frightening threats is the prediction is that the polar ice-caps will melt, raising sea level so much that coastal cities from New York to Los Angles to Shanghai will be
32、flooded. Scientists agree that key player in this scenario is the West Antarctic ice sheet, a Brazil-size mass of frozen water that is much as 7000 feet thick. Unlike floating ice shelves which have little impact on sea level when they break up, the ice sheet is anchored to bedrock will blow the sea
33、 surface. Surrounded by open ocean, it is also vulnerable, but Antarctic experts disagree strongly on just how unstable it is. Now, new evidence reveals that all or most of the Antarctic ice sheet collapsed at least once during the past 1.3 million years, a period when global temperatures probably w
34、ere not significantly higher than they are today. And the ice sheet was assumed to have been stable. In geological time, a million years is recent history. The proof, which was published last week in Science, comes from a team of scientists from Uppsala University in Sweden and California Institute
35、of Technology who drew deep holes near the edge of ice sheet. Within samples collected from the solid substances lying beneath the ice. They found fossils of microscopic marine plants which suggest that the region was once open ocean not solid ice. As Herman Engleheart, a co-author from the Californ
36、ia Institute of Technology says, the West Antarctic ice sheet disappear once and can disappear again.Passage TwoIts always fun to write about research that you can actually try out for yourself.Try this: Take a photo and upload it to Facebook, then after a day or so, note what the URL link to the pi
37、cture is and then delete it. Come back a month later and see if the link works. Chances are: It will.Facebook isnt alone here. Researchers at Cambridge University have found that nearly half of the social networking sites dont immediately delete pictures when a user requests they be removed. In gene
38、ral, photo-centric websites like Flickr were found to be better at quickly removing deleted photos upon request.Why do deleted photos stick around so long? The problem relates to the way data is stored on large websites: While your personal computer only keeps one copy of a file, large-scale service
39、s like Facebook rely on what are called content delivery networks to manage data and distribution. Its a complex system wherein data is copied to multiple intermediate devices, usually to speed up access to files when millions of people are trying to access the service at the same time. But because
40、changes arent reflected across the content delivery networks immediately, ghost copies of files tend to linger for days or weeks.In the case of Facebook, the company says data may hang around until the URL in question is reused, which is usually after a short period of time, though obviously that ti
41、me can vary considerably.Passage ThreeEnjoying an iced coffee? Better skip dinner or hit the gym afterwards, with a cancer charity warning that some iced coffees contain as many calories as a hot dinner.The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) conducted a survey of iced coffees sold by some popular cha
42、ins in Britain including Starbucks, Caffe Nero and Costa Coffee to gauge the calories as studies increasingly link obesity with cancer.The worst offender - a coffee from Starbucks - had 561 calories. Other iced coffees contained more than 450 calories and the majority had an excess of 200.Health exp
43、erts advise that the average woman should consume about 2,000 calories a day and a man about 2,500 calories to maintain a healthy weight. Dieters aim for 1,000 to 1,500 calories a day.The fact that there is an iced coffee on the market with over a quarter of a womans daily calories allowance is alar
44、ming, Dr Rachel Thompson, science programme manager at London-based WCRF, said in a widely-reported statement.This is the amount of calories you might expect to have in an evening meal, not in a drink.The WCRF has estimated that 19,000 cancers a year in Britain could be prevented if people lost thei
45、r excess weight with growing evidence that excess body fat increases the risk of various cancers.If you are having these types of coffee regularly then they will increase the chances of you becoming overweight, which in turn increases your risk of developing cancer, as well as other diseases such as
46、 heart disease. she added.Section CPsychologists are finding that hope plays a surprisingly vital role in giving people a measurable advantage in rounds as diverse as academic achievement, bearing up in tough jobs, and coping with tragic illness. And, by contrast, the loss of hope, is turning out to
47、 be a stronger sign that a person may commit suicide than other factors long thought to be more likely risks. Hope has proven a powerful predictor of outcome in every study weve done so far, said Doctor Charles R. Snyder, a psychologist, who has devised a scale to assess how much hope a person has.
48、For example, in research with 3920 college students, Doctor Snyder and his colleagues found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first semester was a more accurate predictor of their college grades, than were their SAT scores or their grade point averages in high school, the two measures most commonly used to predict college performance. Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them,
