1、省略句EllipsisStep 1. Lead in补充完成画线部分所缺的成分。1. Havent seen you for ages._ havent seen you for ages. ( I ) 主语2. Sounds like a good idea._ sounds like a good idea. ( It ) 主语3. A: _ Hungry? (Are you) B:_ Orange juice, please. (I want) 主语和谓语(或主语和谓语的一部分）4. A: Where has Mr Smith gone?B: Sorry, I dont know _.
2、(where he has gone.) 宾语5. A: Would you like to come to the party? B: Id love to _. (come the party.) 不定式后省略动词含义：为了使语言简洁或避免重复, 省略句中的一个或几个句子成分, 这种语法现象称为(省略)。Step 2. Analyze & concludel and & but 连接的并列句的省略观察分析下列句子：1. Tom picked up a book on the floor and Tom handed it to his teacher. = Tom picked up a
3、book on the floor and handed it to his teacher.2. Jack must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework. = Jack must have been playing football and Mary doing her homework.3. His advice made me happy , but his advice madeJim angry. = His advice made me happy , but Jim angry
4、.4.He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesnt have a knowledge of first aid.= He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesnt.5.He was late because he had overslept and because he had missed the train. = He was late because he had overslept and missed the train.归纳：在由and 或 but连接的并列句中
5、，常省略一些重复的词或词组。1）省略共同的主语或宾语, 如例句_1_;2) 若主语不同，而谓语部分的助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的助动词或情态动词，如例句_2_;3) 若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分,如例句_3_; 4）若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分, 如例句_4_; 5）省略重复的介词、连词及后续部分，如例句_5_。l 状语从句中的省略用法观察下列句子：1、When/While I was on my way to work, I met her.= When/While on my way to work, I met her.2、If it
6、 is necessary, I will go there with you.= If necessary, I will go there with you.3、There are few people nowadays, if there are any, who remember him.= There are few people nowadays, if any, who remember him.归纳一：在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, once ，though，although，whether，no ma
7、tter whether/what/how/who, as if , as though等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而主语又跟主句主语相同或一致时；或从句主语为it 时，则从句中主语和be动词常一起省略。归纳二：If类惯用省略结构: if any即使有（任何） if anything如果有什么的话, if anybody/ anyone若有（任何）人的话 if ever（即使有也）极少/ 难得, if necessary如果有必要的话 if not假如不是这样的话, if possible如果可能的话 if so假如这样的话。练习：将下列句子改为省略句。1、Ill not go
8、 to the party unless (I am) invited.Ill not go to the party _ _.2、He was happy, though (he was) poor.He was happy, _ _.3、His opinion， whether (it is ) right or wrong, will be consider. His opinion， _ _ _ _, will be consider.4、If (it is) possible, this old temple will be rebuilt._ _, this old temple
9、will be rebuilt.5. If (that is) so, I will call you back at 5:00 pm._ _, I will call you back at 5:00pm.l than和as的省略用法比较分析下列的句子：1）He is taller than his brother is.= He is taller than his brother. 2）I have as much as confidence in you as I have confidence in him.= I have as much as confidence in you
10、as in him.归纳： than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。l 虚拟语气中if及should的省略比较分析下列的句子：1.The doctor suggested that he should try to lose weight.= The doctor suggested that he try to lose weight.2. If she were my daughter, I wouldnt allow her to
11、 study abroad.= Were she my daughter, I wouldnt allow her to study abroad.归纳四：虚拟语气中if及should的省略1、 当条件状语从句中有were，had，should等时省略if，把它们提至句首，形成倒装句，2、 Suggest，insist，order，require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词性从句中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。练习:1. If there should be a flood, what could we do?Should there be a fl
12、ood, what could we do? 2. It is suggested that we (should) go (go) to see the film. l 定语从句中的省略用法用关系代词完成下列句子。1、The man that/who/whom you visited last night is my grandpa.= The man you visited last night is my grandpa.2、I dont like the way in which/that you treat the girl.= I dont like the way you tre
13、at the girl.归纳：关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。l so和not的替代性省略补充完成整下列句子。1) Do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting? I suppose not.2) Can you finish your work today? 我认为能。I think so . 我认为不能。I dont think so . / I think not . 归纳：在英语中，可以用so， not或其
14、他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子，可与believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，speak，suppose，think，Im afraid等连用。l 不定式符号的省略观察并完成下列句子。1、We didnt do anything but to stay at home watching TV yesterday.= We didnt do anything but stay at homewatching TV yesterday.2、My parents encouraged me to go to college, but I didnt wa
15、nt to go to college.= My parents encouraged me to go to college, but I didnt want to.3、I saw a tall man enter (enter) your office. 4、They managed to overcome all the difficulties and finish (finish) the task in time.归纳：1、 do nothing but do sth，cant help but do sth等结构常接省略to的不定式。2、 在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次
16、出现时，在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate后往往只保留to，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be，have时，也保留be和have。3、 感官动词see，hear，feel，watch等和使役动词have，make，let等后接不定式作宾语时，不定式要省略to（不用to），但此类动词的被动语态中的to不可省略。4、 两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列时，第一个带to，后面的省去tol 介词的省略1. He spent four hours (in) finishing (finish) the task. 2. The skin can prevent y
17、our body (from) losing (lose) too much water. 3. We go to school every day except Sundays.归纳：1. 一些常与动词、名词或形容词一起搭配的介词常常省略，而保留其后的动名词。常见的结构有：1) 做某事有困难have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth2) 忙于做某事 be busy (in) doing sth3) 花费时间做某事 spend some time (in) doing sth4) 阻止某人做某事 stop / prevent sb. (from) doin
18、g sthStep 3 Practice：一、 单句语法填空1. Although ordered (order) to stop, the driver kept on driving as fast as he could.2. He succeeded in solving all the problems as expected(expect).3. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make (not make) it more difficult.4. He had a wonderful
19、childhood when travelling (travel) with his mother to all corners of the world.5. When offered (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy got a chance to become famous.6. Though tired (tire), they went on working in order to finish the task on time.7. Some diseases are not at all dangerous if tr
20、eated (treat) in time.8. Were (be) I a teacher, I would be strict with my students.9. First degree burns turn white when pressed (press).10. What I want to do is have（have）a good rest.二、 完成句子。1. 过马路时要小心汽车。Look out for cars when crossing the road / street.2. 正如计划的一样，他们按时出席了会议。They attended the meetin
21、g on time as expected.3. 他除非邀请你发言，你应该在这次会议上保持沉默。Unless invited to speak, you should remaid silent at the conference.4. “明天会放晴吗？” “我希望那样。” Will it clear up tomorrow? I hope so.5. 你是诚恳地和朋友交流吗？ 如果不是，那你隐瞒了什么呢？Do you communicate honestly with your friends?If not, what do you hide from them?三、 单句改错1、I won
22、t go to the party even if being invited.being去掉2 He opened his mouth as if speak.if 后加上to3、 He came home earlier than was expected.was去掉4、 Cathy can do nothing but to lie down and sleep.to去掉5、 The teacher told us not to take the equipment out of the laboratory untillallowing toallowing改为allowed四、 用省
23、略句改写下列句子。While I was walking along the street, I heard my name called.While walking along the street, I heard my name called.Work hard when you are young, or youll regret.Work hard when young, or youll regret.He looked everywhere as if he was in search of something. He looked everywhere as if in search of something.Though he was tired, he kept on working in the field.Though tired, he kept on working in the field.The teacher thought him to be a very clever pupil.The teacher thought him a very clever pupil.5
