1、强调句 Emphatic Sentence,强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式1. 用助动词“do（doesdid）动词原形”来表示强调： He does know the place wellDo write to me when you get there,2. 用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气： 1. Thats the very textbook we used last term. 2. You are the only person here who can speak Chinese. 3. Not a
2、single person has been in the shop this morning. 4. How dare you buy such expensive jewels?,3. 用ever，never，very，just等副词进行强调： 1. Why ever did you do so？2. He never said a word the whole day3. Youve got to be very, very careful4. This is exactly what I wanted,4. 用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更
3、强的语气（常用于疑问句）： Where in the world could he be？What on earth is it？Do you know at all？,5. 用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感： How interesting the story is！Oh, what a lie！,6. 用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气： On the table were some flowers.(强调地点) Many a time have I climbed that hill多次 Only in this way, can we solve
4、 this problem,It was ten oclock when we got home last night. It was at ten oclock that we got home last night.It is two months since I smoked. It is six years since I worked here.思考：以上两组句子有什么不同，分别是什么意思？,7. It is / was that / who用来强调一个句子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。I bought this car in that shop last month. (原始句) 1
5、. It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month. (强调主语) 2. It was this car that I bought in that shop last month. (强调宾语) 3. It was in that shop that I bought this car last month. (强调地点状语) 4. It was last month that I bought this car in that shop. (强调时间状语),强调句型 It is/was.who/that.,强调句型的用法
6、在英语中，我们常用It iswas who/that结构来突出强调句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主语，宾语或状语)。It没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用who或that来连接都可以。如果是其它成分，则一律用that来连接。It is my mother whothat cooks every day. It was yesterday that Tom passed in the maths exam,注意 1被强调成分是主语，whothat之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与原句中的主语保持一致。 e.g. It is I who am rightIt is h
7、e who is wrongIt is the students who are lovely,2.即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语，原因状语等，也不能用when，where, because，要用 that e.g. It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again . It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed It was because of the heavy rain
8、that he came late,3.如果被强调的成分有同位语，同位语也应提前。 It was from him，his chemistry teacher，that Paul learned to watch carefully in class 4被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格，是作宾语的代词，用宾格。 It was he that helped me yesterday. It was him that I helped yesterday.,2.Is it _ who wants to see you? A. him B. he C. his D. himself,1.It was
9、 _ who respected all their teachers. A. them B. their C. they D. themselves,3.- What is Mary ? - Was it _that you were referred to ? A. he B. she C. her D. they,1.It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago . A. was B. are C. were D. had been,2.It _ at Christmas that John Smith gave M
10、ary a handbag. A. must have B. will be C. might have been D. may have had,注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性,5.被强调部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who lt was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking about,三、强调句型的疑问句形式、 其一般疑问句形式是： IsWas it+被强调成分+whothat Is it Mr. Smith who teaches you English?其特殊疑问句形式是：疑问
11、词+iswas+it+that. Why was it that you did not attend the meeting yesterday? When was it that this traffic accident happen? Where was it that you put my English dictionary?,-Was_that I saw last night at the concert?-No, it wasnt.A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself-“Wasnt it Dr Wang who spoke
12、to you just now?-_. A. I didnt know he was. B.Yes, it was.C. No, he wasnt. D.Yes, he did.,I really dont know _I had my money stolen. A where is it that B when it is that C where it was that D it was where that,Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo last week. It was Nancy who saw your sister in Tokyo last w
13、eek. It was your sister whom Nancy saw in Tokyo last week. It was in Tokyo that Nancy saw your sister last week. It was last week that Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo.,四、区分定语从句和强调句型.某些定语从句和强调句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果去掉it is was . that句子仍然通顺成立，则为强调句型，不成立不通顺，则为定语从句。 e.g. It was three years ago that he went to Am
14、erica for a further study. 去掉It was that句子为Three years ago he went to America for a further study句子通顺，意思完整，那么，这就是一个强调句型。,Ex:把下列句子改为强调句： 1. Peter saw his friend in the park yesterday. 2. I didnt receive my letter until yesterday. 4. Did it happen in 1980? 5. Why does everyone think Im narrow-minded ?
15、,1. Peter saw his friend in the park yesterday.,It was Peter who saw his friend in the park yesterday.,It was his friend whom Peter saw in the park yesterday.,It was in the park that Peter saw his friend yesterday.,It was yesterday that Peter saw his friend in the park.,2. I didnt receive my letter
16、until yesterday?,It wasnt until yesterday that I received my letter.,4. Did it happen in 1980?,Was it in 1980 that it happened ?,5. Why does everyone think Im narrow-minded ?,Why is it that everyone thinks Im narrow-minded ?,有些否定句也可以改成这种强调结构： I didnt hear from her until last summer. It wasnt until l
17、ast summer that I heard from her. I didnt do all this for myself. It wasnt for myself that I did all this.,问句也可变成这种结构： Who called him “comrade”? Who was it that called him “comrade”? How did you forget to lock the door? How was it that you forgot to lock the door?,Attention： 1. 强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数，其中i
18、s既可强调现在的情况，也可强调过去的情况，was只能强调过去的情况。例如： It is/was yesterday that I met your father in the street. 2. 不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where, when等连词。 It was in the street that I met your father yesterday. 3. 被强调部分为人时，可用who（主格或宾格）和whom（宾格）代替that，用that也可以。 It was your father that/whom/who I met in the street
19、yesterday.,强调句中也要注意主谓一致、人称一致的问题。 It is they who are our friends. It was not until ten oclock that we got home last night. 注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。It is/was -that -为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子。It was ten oclock when we got home last night. It was at ten oclock that we got home last night.,区分定语从句和强调句型.某些定语从句和强调句型形式差不
20、多，容易混淆。如果去掉it is was . that句子仍然通顺成立，则为强调句型，不成立不通顺，则为定语从句。 e.g. It was three years ago that he went to America for a further study.,It was in the house he was born.,区分强调句和定语从句,It was the house he was born.,It was at midnight he got sick.,It was midnight he got sick.,that,where,that,when,区分方法： 将“It wa
21、s that( when/ where)” 结构去掉： 如若还能成完整的句子，则为强调句； 如若不能成完整的句子，则为定语从句。,强调句型与主语从句的区别,It was in the lab that was taken charge by Professor Harris that they did the experiment.,（=They did the experiment in the lab that was taken charge by Professor Harris.）,It is certain that he is honest and modest.It is kn
22、own to all that paper was made first in China.,如果是时间段，则看从句发生的动作在该时间段之前还是之后，之前则选since，在之后则选before；或就如下句型进行记忆：,It is+时间段+since,Since 从句是瞬间动词: “ 自从以来多长时间”,Since 从句是延续动词: “ 自从不以来多长时间”,It is six years since I joined the army.It is two months since he smoked.,延伸句型,It is the first / second time ( + that )I
23、 have It was the first / second time ( + that )I had 此句型中time(次) 前常用序数词, that从句用完成时态 eg. It is the first time that I have finished homework on my own.It + be + (high) time + that(should )+ do / did 要用虚拟语气, “该做某事了”eg. It is high time that you went home. It was high time that she should go to bed.,It
24、will be / is +时间段+before “再过多久某事才发生”,It was+时间段+before “过了多久才发生某事”,eg. It is 6 years since I began to learn English.It is 5 years since I worked in the factory.Itll be two years before the project is completed.It was half a month before the project got started.,It was only when I reread his poems re
25、cently _I began to appreciate their beauty. until B. that C. then D. so 2. It was about 600 years ago_ the first clock witha face and an hour hand was made. that B. until C. before D. when 3. It was midnight _ my father came back from work. when B. while C. before D. that 4. Itll be many years _ the
26、 chemicals start to escape from the containers. A. since B. that C. when D. before,B,A,A,D,It was Oct. 1, 1949 new china came into being.It was not until last night he made up his mind.This is the first time I have been here.It is time you left for Beijing.,It was ten months he designed the bridge.,when,that,that,before,that,Thank you,Thank you,谢谢大家！,谢谢大家！,
