1、非谓语（分词短语） 与定从，状从，并列句 转换,英语中，一句话只能有一个主谓结构,2,（一句话只能有一个谓语动词）,如果出现更多动词：,加连词（and / but / so）,放入从句 （that,which,if, when.),变为非谓语动词(to do, doing, done),1.谓语动词：,overview(概述，概观）：,2. 非谓语动词：,在句子中担任谓语的动词形式,是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分,1. The teachers sitting there arefrom other schools.,表语,2. We saw some teacherssit
2、ting there.,宾语补足语,3. We need to be active in class.,宾语,谓语,宾语,主语,定语,连系动词,划分句子成分,非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.,非谓语动词使用条件,一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。,1. She got off the bus, _ her handbag on her seat. 2. She got off the bus, _ left her handbag on her seat. 3. She got off the bus, _
3、 she was reading a book.,leaving,but,when,非谓语 与定从，状从，并列句 转换,一、定语从句转为非谓语（分词）,删去关系代词和be，其它成分不变。,1. 若关系词之后有 be 动词, 则,Examples: 1). Watch the men who are coming this way.,Watch the man,_ .,coming this way,2). Lessons which are learned easily are soon forgotten.,Lessons_ are soon forgotten.,learned easil
4、y,3). The dog which was beaten yesterday is dead.,The dog _ yesterday is dead.,beaten,The man who is in white is Jack. =The man_ is Jack. The student who is wearing a jacket is from my class. =The student_ is from my class.,in white,wearing,This is a book that is worth reading. =This is a book_. Wha
5、t is the name of the book written by you?=_Did you notice the house which was burning? = _,worth reading,2. 若关系词之后没有 be 动词,而是一般的动词, 则,Anyone _ may do so.,wishing to leave early,1). Anyone who wishes to leave early may do so.,删去关系词，再将动词改为-ing形式,其它不变。,2).The boy who sat near the window was good at pla
6、ying football.,The boy _was good at playing football.,sitting near the window,3). We see the stream which rises from the hole.,We see the stream_.,rising from the hole,二、状语从句转为非谓语（分词）,1). 先将引导状语从句的连接词去掉,2). 如果状语从句的主语与主句主语相同， 则去掉从句主语； 不相同， 则保留从句主语（亦称独立主格结构）(可不掌握！）,3). 若状语从句的谓语动词有be, 则，,去掉be;,把谓语动词变成V
7、-ing形式,若状语从句的谓语动词无be, 则，,若主句动词为现在时，而状语从句的动词为过去时，那么为了表示状语从句的动作时间早于主句的动词，则变分词短语是应改为完成式。,Attention!,转换练习： 1.状语从句主语与主句主语相同。（逆向法：即分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语） 1). After I had heard from my brother, I felt much happy.,_, I felt much happy.,Having heard from my brother,2). As he is ill, he cant attend the meeting.,_, h
8、e cant attend the meeting.,Being ill,3). When he was buying the books, he met an old friend.,_, he met an old friend.,Buying the book,4). Because he has been praised too much, he becomes too proud.,_, he becomes too proud.,Having been praised too much,2. 前后主语不相同。（逆向法：即分词的逻辑主语就是原状语从句的主语）（不需掌握） 1). Af
9、ter the sun had set, we arrived at the station.,The sun_ , we arrived at the station.,having set,2). When school was over, the boys went home.,_, the boys went home.,School being over,3). As his homework has been done, the boys went home.,_ , the boys went home.,His homework having been done,4). If
10、the weather permits, well go to the Great Wall.,The weather _, well go to the Great Wall.,permitting,3. Attention! (不需掌握） 1). Because his lovely dog was dead, little boy is very upset.,_, little boy is very upset.,His lovely dog having been dead,2). As he was idle in his youth, he has to work hard i
11、n his old age.,_, he has to work hard in his old age.,Having been idle in his youth,3). After new teaching building was finished, students study in the new classroom now.,_, students study in the new classroom now.,New teaching building having been finished,三、并列句转为非谓语（分词）： 看主语是否相同！,1). 把并列句中的连接词（and
12、/but.)去掉,2). 把其中一个谓语动词变为V-ing形式（两句若是用句号隔开，变化后将句号改为逗号）。,Condiiton (条件）： 并列句主语相同时，保留一个主语；并列句主语不相同时，两个主语都保留。 此处也要注意到方法（二）中的“一个补充”和“一个注意”。,转换练习： 1. 并列句主语相同时，保留一个主语。1). My train starts at 12 and will arrived in Wuhan at 3.,My train starts at 12 , _.,三、并列句改为非谓语（分词）,arriving in Wuhan at 3,2). She alone sta
13、yed at home and did her homework.,She alone stayed at home, _.,doing her homework,2. 并列句主语不相同 时，两个主语都保留。 Examples: 1). He was reading a book, and his wife was doing housework.,He was reading a book, _.,his wife doing housework,2). They listened to the moved story about Ren Changxia and tears ran dow
14、n their cheeks.,They listened to the moved story about Ren Changxia, _.,tears running down their cheeks,状从转为非谓语（分词）的延伸： 连接词+分词： （when/while/unless doing.) 此类句型实际上是将从属连词when , while, though, unless等引导的从句省略了相同的主语及be动词变化而来的 （状语从句的省略）,转换练习： 1. While he was fighting in Korea, he was taken prisoner.,While
15、 _in Korea, he was taken prisoner.,fighting,2. When the drug is taken according to its introductions, the drug has no neglect effect.,When _ according to its introductions, the drug has no neglect effect.,taken,四、小结：,从上面的句子转换中可以得出一个小结： 一回头：找该非谓语的逻辑主语；,两确定： 确定该非谓语动词的动作与主句谓语的动作先后； 确定该非谓语动词与逻辑主语的主谓或动宾关
16、系；,五、巩固练习：1、将下列复合句或并列句改为含分词短语的句子 1). When he left the classroom, he didnt say goodbye to me.,_, he didnt say goodbye to me.,When leaving the classroom,2). Because he is ill, he cant attend the meeting.,_, he cant attend the meeting.,Being ill,3). The teacher is teaching in the classroom. Jim and Tom
17、 are playing games.,_, Jim and Tom are playing games.,The teacher teaching in the classroom,4). The boys who swam in the river were in danger.,The boys _ were in danger.,swimming in the river,5). Because he had seen the film before, he went out of the cinema.,_, he went out of the cinema.,Having see
18、n the film before,6). When our school is seen from the mountain. Our school is beautiful.,_, our school is beautiful.,Seen from the mountain,7). The man rose from the ground and beat the dust off his clothes.,The man rose from the ground, _.,beating the dust off his clothes,2、将下列含分词短语的句子改为复合句或并列句。 1
19、). Seeing from the mountain, I find our school is beautiful.(when),_, I find our school is beautiful.,When I see from themountain,2). He told me he would stand by the roadside, watching the parade.(and),He told me he would stand by the roadside _.,and watch the parade,3). Judged from what he said, h
20、e is a teacher.,_, he is a teacher.,If he is judged from what he said,4). The children went home after class, singing and laughing.,The children went home after class _.,and sang and laughed,5). Having brushed his teeth, Mr.Brown came downstairs for breakfast. (after),_, Mr.Brown came downstairs for breakfast.,After he had brushed his teeth,_, I went fishing with my father. (as),6). Weather being fine, I went fishing with my father. (as),As weather was fine,_,we have to walk.,7). There being no bus ,we have to walk. (because),Because there is no bus,
