1、Lesson One,Another School Year- What For?,John Ciardi,Warming -up,Topic discussion:1. Can you summary what you got from the University last semester?2. What do you expect from a new semester?3. Do you think you can fulfil that? If you think you can , how? If you think you cant, why not?,Topic discus
2、sion,What are the purposes of higher education?,Topic discussion,Suggested answers: 1. To give Ss sufficient training for a career. 2. To expose Ss to the essence of human civilization 3. To cultivate the qualities of being a human 4. To gather useful information and knowledge 5. To encourage intell
3、ectual curiosity and cultural appreciation,Background Information,Do you know anything about the famous historic literary figures below? Match the related information.,Memorable Quotes,1. In education we are striving not to teach youth to make a living, but to make a life.- William White2. The found
4、ation of every state is the education of the youth.- Diogenes3. I have never let my schooling interfere with my education.- Mark Twain,Text analysis,What did the writer do after he was fresh from graduate school? Why did the student come to see him in the office? How did the writer reason with the s
5、tudent ?1) Did he start with the reasons directly why universities should provide Ss with both training and education?,Pre-class Questions,2) Why did the writer do some calculation?3) Do you think the student was convinced?4. What is the writers view on the purpose of a university? (theme),Theme,The
6、 author tries to clarify the purpose of a university: to put the students in touch with the best civilization that human race has created.,Structure,Part 1 (Paras. 1-8): The writer describes his encounter with one of his students. Part 2 (Paras. 9-14): The author restates what he still believes to b
7、e the purpose of a university: putting its students in touch with the best civilizations the human race has created.,Language style & tone,Style: Colloquial, familiar style Tone: Humorous and mildly sarcastic,By way of using direct speech,By way of using metaphors,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Par
8、t II: Sentence Paraphrase,You are on your way to being that new species of mechanized savage, the push-button Neanderthal. (para.9),new type of humans who are primitive and uncivilized although they can work machines,Paraphrasing: You will become an uneducated person who can only work machines and o
9、perate mechanical equipment, not knowing anything about literature, philosophy, history, or art.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II: Sentence Paraphrase,If you have no time for Shakespeare, for a basic look at philosophy, for the continuity of the fine arts, for that lesson of mans development
10、we call historythen you have no business being in college. (Para.9) Paraphrasing: If you dont want to improve your mind and broaden your horizon by studying a little literature, philosophy, the fine arts and history, you shouldnt be here at college.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II: Sentence
11、Paraphrase,Our colleges inevitably graduate a number of such life forms, but it cannot be said that they went to college; rather the college went through themwithout making contact. (para.9) Paraphrasing: Our colleges inevitably produce such people who can operate machines but who cannot think. We c
12、annot help that. But we cant say that these people have received a proper college education. It is more accurate to say that these college years have just passed them by without leaving anything on them.,Mechanized savage; push-button Neandethal,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II: Sentence Para
13、phrase,There is not time enough in a single lifetime to invent for oneself everything one needs to know in order to be a civilized human. (Para.10)Paraphrasing: To become a civilized person, you need to know many things, and you cannot find out everything by yourself, because your life is too short.
14、,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II: Sentence Paraphrase,If you are too much in a hurry, or too arrogantly proud of your own limitations, to accept as a gift to your humanity some pieces of the minds of Aristotle, or Chaucer, or Einstein, you are neither a developed human nor a useful citizen o
15、f a democracy. (Para.12)Paraphrasing: If you are too anxious to leave school early , too ignorant to see your limitations, to accept some of the thinking of the great men as something that will help cultivate in you the quality of being a human being, you do not deserve to be called a well-educated
16、and useful citizen of a democratic society.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II: Sentence Paraphrase,A university has no real existence and no real purpose except as it succeeds in putting you in touch, both as specialists and as humans, with those human minds your human mind needs to include. (
17、 Para. 14)Paraphrasing: The purpose of a university is to expose its students to the best of human thoughts that they need to learn both as professionals and as civilized human beings. If a university cannot succeed in doing this, it should not exist at all.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II:
18、Sentence Paraphrase,The faculty, by its very existence, says implicitly: “We have been aided by many people, and by many books, in our attempt to make ourselves some sort of storehouse of human experience.” (Para. 14) Paraphrasing: We need the faculty because these teachers have a lot of human exper
19、ience to pass on to young students, and they are able to do so because they have been helped by many people and many books in the past.,Thank you!,Listen and answer the questions on page 10,1.purpose / aim, training, technical training, universities 2. graduate school, Shakespeares plays, be a pharm
20、acist 3. making a living, keep himself, his family, expose, ideas 4. waking, average, a living, all about 5. in danger, mechanized savages, push-button Neanderthals 6. have left us, peculiar accomplishments, species 7. center, storehouse 8.sarcastic, humorous,Grammar: Future time,Future at Present F
21、uture in the Past,Future at Present,A.“Will/shall+verb” used to say something is expected to happen. E.g Will you come to Shanghai next month? B. “will be doing” used to say that you are sure that something will happen because arrangements have been made E.g They will be swimming at this time next T
22、uesday.,Future at Present,C. “be going to” used to say that sth. will happen quite soon or to talk about sbs intentions or what they have decided to do E.g She is going to go shopping. D. “the present progressive” used to talk about sth. that will happen because you have planned or arranged it E.g H
23、ow long are you staying in Wuhan? E. “the simple present” used to say that sth. will definitely happen at a particular time, especially because it has been officially arranged E.g The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.,Future in the Past,A. “would” used to say what you intended to do or expected
24、to happen E.g He said he would wait for me at the gate. B. “was/were going to” used to say that sth. was expected to happen E.g I was told that he was going to return home. C. “was/were to do” used to talk about sth. that would happen because it had been planned or arranged E.g As I was to leave the next day, I went to bed early on Tuesday evening.,
