1、状语从句,什么是状语？,什么是从句？,表示时间、地点、原因、目的 We sleep at night at home.,必须符合“从句的三个必须”必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句,什么是状语从句？,用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子 就是状语从句。,I get up,at six.,when it is dark.,I get up,at school,where I study.,定义,状语从句 状语从句同副词，介词词组等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语，说明谓语动作的时间，地点，方式，条件，程度，比较，原因，目的，结果等 。 I get up at 6:00. It is dark. I ge
2、t up when it is dark.,第一部分：知识储备,状语从句的知识储备,1、时态,2、句子结构,现在,过去,状语从句是如何出题的？,时间状语从句是关键,其他状语从句重点记忆连接词,第二部分：状语从句的类别,表示时间 表示地点 表示原因 表示结果 表示目的 表示条件 表示让步 表示比较 表示方式,返回,一、时间状语从句,When, as ,while since before, after till, until as soon as, the moment/minute, no sooner. than, hardly. when the day那时, the year那年, th
3、e first time, each time, any time, by the time到. （名词性短语）,Every/Each time I held the boat and carved the year, my grandfather seemde near. By the time he was 17, he had been to almost 20 contries to get his disease cured.,since,1. 引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句中用一般过去时。 Ive been living here since I came
4、to Beijing. I have returned home four times since I came here. 2. 常用句型： It is (has been)+ since +一般过去时 It is five years since I began to learn English.,until, till,肯定句: 主句谓语动词为延续性动词 Lets wait till / until the rain stops. 否定句: 主句谓语动词为非延续性动词 She didnt come back until this morning. not until 放在句首的倒装句 H
5、e didnt stop until he had finished all his work.,Not until he had finished all his work did he stop.,倒装主句，倒装主句，倒装主句,把no sooner, hardly置于句首，它所连带的这部分就要倒装，如： She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted.,No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted.,She had hardly heard the news when she fain
6、ted.,Hardly had she heard the news when she fainted.,二、地点状语从句,where wherever We shall go where people are kind. Just stay where you are. We received a warm welcome everywhere we arrived.我们每到一个地方都受到了热烈的欢迎。,There are plenty of trees_. 我住的地方树很多。 _I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。 _, I will be ri
7、ght here waiting for you! 不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都会在这等着你！,where I live,Wherever I am,Wherever you go, whatever you do,三、原因状语从句,because，since，as，fornow （that），in that，for the reason that，seeing (that)等 Since/ Now that /Seeing he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should help him now.,because: 语气最强
8、，回答why提出的问题，表示的是直接的因果关系，可与强调词only，merely，just，not连用。 Why are you late? Because there is a traffic jam. He was punished only because he broke the law.,since: “既然” 对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首。 Since you havent got enough money with you now, you can come and buy it next time.,because, since, as, for,as “由于.” 语气较弱
9、，较口语化，表明显的原因或已知的事实，常放在句首。 As he had been ready for the worst, he was not disappointed at the result.for，并列连词，连接的是两个并列的分句，其他三个是引导状语从句的从属连词。It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.for不能放在句首，for不能放在句首，for不能放在句首,He is absent today because he was ill.As it is snowing，we shall not go out.You
10、 couldnt see him, for he wasnt there. Since you are ill, I will go alone.,because, as, since, for,语气 位置 意义 because 最强 前或后 “原因”；表客观因果关系 since 较弱 前 “既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由 as 较强 前 “由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由 for 最弱 后 “理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由,四、结果状语从句,so that so.that. such that such.that.,so that, sothat, suchthat,so that “以
11、便”、“结果”表目的和结果。 注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的，无情态动词表结果。 sothat “如此的以致于”表结果。 1.so+形副that. 2.so+形a(an)单数名词that. 3.somany/few/much/little相应名词+that. suchthat “如此的以致于”表结果。 1.sucha(an)形名词that. 2.such形可数名词复数不可数名词that.,somany/few/much/little相应名词+that. 比较：so many / few flowers such nice flowers so much / little moneysuch r
12、apid progress so many people such a lot of people There were so many people in the bus that I could hardly move. She put so much butter and sugar in the cake that I didnt dare to eat too much. He made so many mistakes that he failed the exam once again.,He was _angry that he left the room without a
13、word. It is _ heavy box that nobody can move it. The box is _ heavy that nobody can move it. This was _ fine music that it was worth listening to twice. I didnt go early, _ I didnt get a seat. He got _ little money that his family had to live on welfare money.,so,such a,so,so that,such,so,7. Mike is
14、 _ an honest worker that we all believe him. =Mike is _ honest a worker that We all believe him. 8. It is _ fine weather that we all want to go to the park . 9. He earned _little money that he couldnt support his family. 10. It is not surprising that _little worms eat _ little grain.,such,so,such,so
15、,such,so,五、目的状语从句,so that in order that in case 目的状语从句常常含有情态动词。,They are hurrying so that / in order that they may not miss the train. He works hard in order that / so that he can serve his country well.,六、条件状语从句,if， if only（if 的强调式） unless (= if not) as long as， so long as once(一旦),As long as I liv
16、e, I shall work hard. You cant learn it well unless you work hard. If you want to know ,I can tell you. Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.,注意：有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，祈使句后面要搭配and/or/otherwise，如：Give him an inch and hell take a mile. (= If you give him an inch,
17、 hell take a mile. ) 当表示否定的条件时，用连词or /otherwise， 如： Start at once, or / otherwise youll miss the train. (= If you dont start at once, ),七、让步状语从句,though，although，as even if，even though however, whatever , whenever等,though, although, as,though, although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。下列情况只能用though： as thoug
18、h (=as if); even though (=even if) 在句末表示“然而” as和though表示“尽管”，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。,I wont mind even if (though) he doesnt come. Eeve though the learning is slow and painful, the result is wonderful. Though it was cold, she went out without an overcoat. Young as/though he is, he knows a lot.,Though/ Althou
19、gh he is a hero, he is still humble.,Hero as he is, he is still humble.,n,Note: Articles are removed when a noun is put ahead of the sentence.,whatever, however, wherever, whenever,既可以引导名词性从句，还可以引导让步状语从句。 引导让步状语从句时，分别等于： no matter what, no matter how no matter where, no matter when No matter who / w
20、hoever comes here, I will not let him in. You can take whatever you like.,1) _we gave him something to eat, he would save it for his little sister. 2) _we gave him to eat, he would save it for his little sister.A Whatever B However C Whenever D Whichever 2. The poor young man is ready to accept _ he
21、lp he can get.A whichever B however C whatever D whenever,C,A,C,八、比较状语从句,比较状语从句主要用在形容词、副词的原级、比较级、最高级的句子中。 as.as, not as/so. as than, the morethe more 最高级+in / of / among ,这类从句常常有一些成分没有表示出来,The more you eat, the fatter you are. John is less clever than Tom. He is not so/as clever as his brother. The
22、younger of the twins is more considerate. (两者中“较.的一个” 用the + 比较级”),九、方式状语从句,as as if, as though the way, how,Will you please do the expriment as I am doing? Leave the children as they are. She looked a bit strange, as if she knew something.（事实或既有很大的可能性） The injured man acted as if nothing had happen
23、d to him.（主观的想象，并非事实） You should operate the machine the way I do.,第三部分：三组（5种）时间状语从句,前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主 从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型， 每种句型分别对应独特的句式,三类时间,1、主从句同时发生,2、主从句都没有发生,3、主从句一前一后发生,What were you doing when the UFO arrived?,What are you doing when the UFO arrives?,I would leave if he came.,I w
24、ill leave if he comes.,The train had been away when I arrived.,过去配过去,过去配过去将来,现在配现在,现在配将来,前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主 从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型， 每种句型分别对应独特的句式,三类时间,1、主从句同时发生,2、主从句都没有发生,3、主从句一前一后发生,过去类：.过去进行 when 一般过去,现在类：现在进行 when 一般现在,过去类：过去将来 when 一般过去,现在类：一般将来when 一般现在,过去完成 when 一般过去,练习翻译,当小明做作业时，他的妈妈
25、在做饭。 Xiaomings mom was cooking when he did his homework. 那天，当小明做作业时，他的妈妈在做饭。 That day, Xiaomings mom was cooking when he did his homework. 他一来我就走。(as soon as) I will leave as soon as he comes. 那天，他一来我就走。(as soon as) That day, I would leave as soon as he came. 当他出门时，雨已经下了两个小时了。 It had been rainy for
26、2 hours when he went out.,第四部分：典型题目与历年真题,1 _ they had worked for a long time, everyone looked tired. A While B After C Unless D For 2 He has been a teacher _ he came to the country. A since B until C as D when,3 He has had to cook by himself _ his mother went on business to Beijing. A during B since
27、 C after Dwhen 4 It is ten years _ I saw you last time. A since B when C that D if,5. He always thinks Im wrong, _ I may say. A no matter whatever B whatever C what D that 6_ , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A However late is he B However he is late C However is he late D However
28、late he is,7 You should run the machine _ the workers has shown you. A as B and C but Dso 8 You shall have the book _ I have read it. A so that B though C as soon as D since,9 The man put on a overcoat _ keep himself warm. A that B so that to C in order that Din order to 10 He has changed so much _
29、I can hardly recognize him. A as B so that C that Dbut,11Between the two parts of the concerts is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice cream. A when Bwhere C that D. which 12 Little Kate went to school _ it snow heavily yesterday. A though B. if C because Dsince,13 Some people want to go hunting,
30、 _ others want to go finishing. A or B because C while D since 14 Bad habits, _ formed, are difficult to get rid of. A and Bonce C or Dbut,15 You must get up early in the morning, _ well have to start out without you. A and B or C but D so that 16 Would you please wait _ I come back. A if B when C b
31、ecause Dtill,17 He couldnt come _ he wanted to. A as B because C although Dfor 18 _ you gave a party and no one come, what would you do? A Although B If C Unless DWhen,19 You may borrow the book _ you keep it clean. A as long as B when C after D unless 20. John plays football _ , if not better than,
32、 David. A as well B as well as C so well D so well as,状语从句中考真题,1. its difficult to make her dream come true, she never gives up. A. Though B. Unless C. Because D. If 2. Its quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers people get off the bus. A.After B. since C. until D. when 3. Your dre
33、am wont come true you know what your dream is. A.After B. unless C. while D. since,4. -How was your climbing on Mount Tai?-I didnt believe I could do it I got to the top.A. until B. unless C.After D. when 5. I arrived at the airport the plane had taken off.A.After B. while C. when D. before 6. the w
34、ater was cold, Wei Qinggang jumped into it to save others.A.Although B. When C. If D. Because,7. We wont start the meeting our teacher arrives.A. though B. until C. while D. or 8. We will have no water to drink we dont protect the earth. A. until B. before C. though D. if 9. Jane, please turn off th
35、e lights you leave the classroom.A.After B. before C. until D. but,10. We have to get up at 7:15 tomorrow morning, _we will be late for the 7:40 train.A. before B. or C. if D. so 11. My grandfather is very old, he never stops learning.A. than B. though C. but D. unless 12. -Where was your brother at
36、 this time last night?-He was writing an e-mail I was watching TV at home.A.As soon as B.After C. until D. while 13. Ill park the car at Pacific Place, the car park there is full. A. unless B. if C. when D.After,14. they arrived early at the airport, they nearly missed their fight.A .If B. Because C
37、.As soon as D.Although 15. We have been good friends we joined the same ping-pong team. A.After B. before C. since D. until 16. Bill, you have finished your homework, lets go to fly kites now.A. though B.After C. before D. since,(三)状语从句中考真题 1.A.考点分析:though引导让步状语从句，“虽然”，不与but连用，意思可表示 “虽然但是”，故不与转折意思的关
38、系词连用，并且一般置于句首。 2.D.考点分析:when引导时间状语从句，一般与过去的时间状语连用，“当的时候”， 3.B.考点分析:unless “除非”， 除非你知道自己的梦想是什么，否则你的梦想将不会实现。 4.C.考点分析:or “否则”，汤姆，远离火，否则你将被烧伤。 5.A.考点分析:notuntil“直到才”，直到我到山顶，我才相信我能够爬到山顶，否则我是不相信的。 6.B.考点分析:or “否则”，小心，否则你将在考试中犯错误。 7.A.考点分析:After“以后”，与过去时间状语连用.我到飞机场的时候，飞机已经起飞了。 8.A.考点分析:Although引导让步状语从句，表示
39、虽然但是，不与but连用。 9.D.考点分析:你愿意和我一起去参加音乐会吗？我想去，但恐怕没有时间。由句意可知前后是转折关系。 10.B.考点分析:直到老师到了我们才会开始开会。Not until.直到才 11.D.考点分析:如果我们不保护地球，我将没有水喝。If如果。 12.B.考点分析:钱是重要的，但它并不能买到一切。前后句子之间存在着转折关系，要用but. 13.B.考点分析:Jane, 离开教室前请关灯。Before在之前。,14.D.考点分析:我认为你叔叔的确不喜欢看电视连续剧。是的，但他仍然看这部剧。此处表示转折，用but. 15.C.考点分析:你和你弟弟有一人可以加入我们的队伍，
40、因为我们只想要你们中的一个人。either.nor表示两者中的任何一个，表示肯定。 16.B.考点分析:钱很重要，但它不是最重要的东西。前后是转折关系。 17.B.考点分析:明早我们必须7：15起床，不然就赶不上7：40的火车了。 18.C.考点分析:虽然我爷爷很老了，但是他从来没有停止过学习。“very old.never stops learning”表示转折关系，用but. 19.D.考点分析:昨天晚上的这个时候你弟弟在哪里啊？ 他正在写邮件，而我正在家里看电视。While表对比转折。 20.A.考点分析:除非那里的停车场都满了，否则我就把车停在“太平洋地区”。 21.B.考点分析:这些孩子们写的故事书太差了。它们既无趣又不刺激。Neither.nor两者中的任何一个都不。 22.D.考点分析:尽管它们很早就到了机场，但还是差一点错过飞机。although虽然，尽管。 23.C.考点分析:自从加入了同一个兵乓球队我们就一直是好朋友。本题是现在完成时，含有since的主句通常用现在完成时，since后接一个一般过去时的句子或一个过去的时间点。 24.B.考点分析:或者莉莉或者我可以跟你去，因为其中有一个人要在家帮爸爸干花园里的活。 25.D.考点分析:比尔，既然你已经完成作业，现在咱们去.since 自从，因为，既然。,
