1、形容词、副词形容词、副词初中英语语法初中英语语法形容词 是 修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征 的词 。例如： long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.形容词在句中作 定语、表语、宾语补足语 等成分形容词形容词1.He is a good student.2. She is a beautiful girl.3. I have a clever pet dog.1)单单 个个 形容词形容词 修饰名词或代词时顺序修饰名词或代词时顺序 ：直接放名词或代词前面直接放名词或代词前面2)多个形容词做定语时的排列顺序：多个形容词做定语时的排列顺序：口诀口诀 : 冠代数形大 ,
2、新色国材名注释：注释：冠 -冠词；代 -代词；数 -数词；形 -形状、性质；大 -大小、长短；新 -新旧 ;色 -颜色；国 -国家、产地；材 -材料、用途；名 -名词an old big brown wooden box 一个旧而大的棕色木箱子two tall young Japanese girls 两位高个、年轻的日本姑娘例题1) Tony is going camping with _ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two2) One day they c
3、rossed the _bridge behind the palace.A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old答案点拨 ： C 由 “限定词 -数词 -描绘词 -(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色 ) -性质 -名词 “的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有 C符合答案。答案点拨 :A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是： 年龄，形状，大小 +颜色 +来源 +质地 +用途 +国家 +名词。当形容词修饰由 something/somebody, anythin
4、g/anybody, nothing/nobody, everything/everybody等不定代词时 ,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后 . 1.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ?2. I have something important to tell you.3.)修饰不定代词时常后置 “ 不 +形 ”1. Sam is hungry, hed like to eat _delicious.A. some B. any C. something D. somewhere 2. Dont worry. There is
5、_ about your illness.A.serious something B. anything serious C. nothing serious D. some thing3.There is _ in todays newspaper. Its boring. A. something new B. interesting newC. nothing new D. new nothing 4.-Who can help us? -_. well do it ourselvesA. Everyone else B. Else everyone C. Nobody else D.
6、Else nobody要点：不定代词修饰形容词，要点：不定代词修饰形容词， 位置为位置为 “ 不形不形 ”CCCCThe trees turn green in spring.We are alone on the island.只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词。你能说只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词。你能说出几个？出几个？alone afraid awake asleep alive able所谓表语形容词 即指只用于连系动词后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。这类形容词常见的有：某些以 a-开头的形容词：afraid 害怕的 alive 活着的 alone 单独的asleep 睡着的 a
7、wake 醒着的 Dont be afraid. 别怕。Now the baby is asleep. 现在孩子睡着了。He was alone in the house. 他独自一人在家里。1. She was _ (luck) to lose her money when she went shopping last weekend. 04西宁 2. This kind of skirt looks _ and sells_ . 04天津 A. nice; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nice unluckyA3.What do yo
8、u think of the story written by Mark Twain? It is _. I like it. 04 昆明 A. boring B. bored C. interested D. interesting D4. Your answer sounds _ .A. correct B. correctly C. correctness D. correcting5. They watched a movie and felt quite _ .A. sad B. sadly C. sadness D. sadyAA某些动词如某些动词如 make， paint， ke
9、ep， find，like， want等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语、特征等。形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语有的已构成固定词组。有的已构成固定词组。1. He made us happy. 2.You must keep the classroom clean你应保持教室清洁。形容词的构成形容词的构成forgetforgetful helphelpful wonderwonderful useuseful carecareful beautybeautifu
10、l thank thankful colour -colourful1、 +ful2、 edexciteexcited worryworried surprisesurprised closeclosedinterestinterested frightenfrightened 3、 +inginterestinteresting exciteexciting surprisesurprising followfollowingsunsunny snowsnowy windwindy rain-rainy cloudcloudy healthhealthy4、 +y 所有表示天气状况的的形容词
11、wool-woolen wood-wooden5、 + en6、 +ern (东西南北 )east-eastern west-western south-southern north-northernfriendly, daily, weekly, silly lively, lonely,lovely 7.由 “名词 +ly”构成8.复合形容词an eight-year-old boy一个八岁的男孩一个八岁的男孩 一段一段 10分钟的步行路程分钟的步行路程a ten-minute walk a ten minutes walk 放七天假放七天假have a seven-day holiday
12、have a seven days holidayhave seven days off形容词的比较等级构成，形容词的比较等级构成， 有三个等级：有三个等级： 原级； 比较级； 最高级。 词词 尾尾 变变 化化 原原 级级 比比 较较级级最高最高级级单单 音音 节词节词 在在 词词 尾加尾加 -er(比比 较级较级 )或或 -est(最高最高 级级 )以字母以字母 e接尾的接尾的 词词 加加 -r或或-sttall hard large wide以重以重 读闭读闭 音音 节结节结 尾的尾的 词词 末尾只有一末尾只有一个个 辅辅 音字母音字母 应应 双写双写 辅辅 音字母再加音字母再加 er或或
13、 estbig hot thin fat wet 以以 辅辅 音字母音字母 +y结结 尾的尾的 词变为词变为 i再加再加 -er,或或 -esthappy dry earlynarrow clever 多音多音 节词节词 和多数双音和多数双音 节词节词 在其前面在其前面加加 more 和和 most difficult popular slowlytaller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier d
14、rier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost slowly少数以 -er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或 -est原 级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比 较级 最高 级better bestworse worstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest
15、/furthestoldest/eldest注意： 在含有形容词的比较级句子中，对两个相比较的内容为了避免重复， 我们常常用that, those来代替前面的词。 例如：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong.The windows of our classroom are cleaner than those of theirs.Tom is as tall as Mike. 1、 as+形容词原形形容词原形 +asThere are as many students in our school as yours. 否定
16、否定 not as+形容词原形形容词原形 +as “和和 不一样不一样 ”或或 not so+形容词原形形容词原形 +as“不及不如不及不如 Tom is not as tall as Mike.This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons. 2、 so+ 形容词原级 +that丛句such+名词 that丛句He is so big that he cant enter the room by the door .3、 too+ 原级 + to do sth.He is too young to join the army. 4、 形容词原级 + enou
17、gh to do sth. 1、 两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词 than Tom is taller than John2、 Which/Who is + 比较级比较级 , A or B ?Which is easier, maths or English?3、 能修饰比较级的副词及短语：能修饰比较级的副词及短语： much( 的多的多 )、 a lot( 的多的多 )、 even(更更 ) 、 still（更（更 ）、）、 a bit/alittle( 一点儿一点儿 )This city is much more beautiful than that
18、 oneToday is even hotter than yesterday.注意：注意： very不能修饰比较级。不能修饰比较级。 More可构成可构成比较级，但不能修饰比较级比较级，但不能修饰比较级4、 is the +比较级 + of the two.Tom is the taller of the two boys. 5、 数量 + 比较级 than He is three years older than his brother.6、比较级 + and + 比较级， “越来越 ”Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热7、 The + 比较级 ， th
19、e + 比较级 “ 越 ，就越”The more , the better. 越多越好。The more you eat, the fatter you will become.你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖1.one of the+ 最高级最高级 +名词复数名词复数2. 最高级最高级 +of (in)( 三者及以上范围的三者及以上范围的 )3.This is/ was the最高级最高级 +名词名词 +that定语从句定语从句Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century. This is the worst film that I have
20、 seen these years. Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best. 5.、 the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/ofThe Yellow River is the second longest river in China4、 Which/Who is the + 最高级 ,A ,B or C ?Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ?注意：注意：用用 the +形容词最高级形式形容词最高级形式 +in 接接 单数单数 名词名词
21、 用用 the +形容词最高级形式形容词最高级形式 +of 接接 复数复数 名词或名词或表示复数的代词。表示复数的代词。Who is the tallest in the class? Who is the tallest of the students 。使用形容词比较级时使用形容词比较级时1、可用、可用 “比较级形式比较级形式 +than any other +单数单数名词来表达最高级的意思名词来表达最高级的意思 He is taller than any other student in the school 。注意注意2.形容词比较级前一般不加形容词比较级前一般不加 the。但可用。但可用 the +比比较级形式较级形式 +of the two 来表达两者之间的比较。来表达两者之间的比较。 He is the better of the two.Of the two jobs， he chose the harder.Mary was the more beautiful of the two. Of the two boys Mike is the taller one.
