1、1第二讲名词和主谓一致主语与谓语在人称、数上取得一致的情况：主语为单数第三人称时，谓语要变单数,即加“S” 如：reads， sits1.动名词、不定式、从句做主语时，谓语动词要用单数。1.动名词、不定式、从句做主语时，谓语动词要用单数。e.g. Growing flowers needs constant watering.e.g. That it keeps raining (worry) the tourists.e.g. To be praised (be) a happy thing. e.g. When and where to hold the meeting _ (have)
2、not been decided2. news, politics, physics, mathematics, plastics 等形式为复数而意义为单数的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。学科名称的名词或国名、地名、书名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。e.g. No news (be) good news.e.g. Physics (be) a fundamental subject in science.e.g. The Arabian Nights (be) a very interesting story-book.3.表示时间、距离、钱额、重量、空间、体积等意义的复数名词
3、作主语，谓语动词常用单数。e.g. Eight hours of sleep is enough.e.g. A hundred miles (be) a long distance.e.g. Ten pounds (be) missing from my pocket.e.g. Twenty years (have) passed since he left his hometown. 4. more than one/many a + 单数名词作主语，意义上是复数，谓语动词常用单数(形单意复)e.g. More than one student （have）tried.e.g. Many a
4、 student and teacher (be) watching the football match.e.g. Many a man (have) died in the war.5. each/every/many a + 单数名词 and each/every/many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. Each book and each pen (be) found in its place.e.g. Every boy and every girl (have) the right to receive education.e.g. Many a boy an
5、d many a girl （have） seen these painting.e.g. Every hour and minute (be) important.第二个 each, every, many a 可以省略。谓语动词单、复数要视情况而定的情形：6.由 and 连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数，但由 and 连接的并列成分但指的是同一概念或一个人的双重身份时谓语动词为单数。 e.g. The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家)e.g. The worker and writer is fro
6、m Beijing. (那个工人兼作家 )e.g. The singer and dancer (be) famous all over the world.常见的表同一概念的有： the needle and thread 针线 the folk and knife 刀叉7. 当主语是 class, family, army, team, club, crowd, majority, audience, government, public, group, band 等集合名词 时，如果该集合名词表示一个组织或单位的概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果该集合名词表示组织或单位里一些个体的概念，谓语
7、动词用复数形式。 e.g. His family (be) in Harbin. e.g. His family (be) music lovers.2e.g. The committee （be） made up of 10 members.e.g. The committee （be) in the hall. 8. glasses, shoes, scissors，trousers, chopsticks,等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但前面有 a pair of, this/that pair of, a suit of 等时，谓语动词用单数形式。e.g. This pair of
8、trousers (be) very dirty.e.g. Her trousers (be) being washed now.当主语是 congratulations, earnings, remains, goods, belongings, clothes 等一类词时，谓语动词用复数形式。e.g. The goods （belong ） to Mr. Wang.9. population 做主语指人口,谓语用单数；但指人的行为、居民等，谓语常用复数；分数 /百分数+ of the population 做主语，谓语用复数。e.g. The population of the villa
9、ge （be ）538.e.g. One third of the population here (be) workers.10.a number of +可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数，意思是“许多”。the number of + 可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数，意思是“的数量”。a quantity of +可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数。quantities of +可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。a quantity of +不可数名词, 。谓语用单数.quantities of +不可数名词，谓语动词用复数。e.g. Quantities of tea (be) sold last mo
10、nth.e.g. A large quantity of beer (be) sold out. 11.half ,most ,enough, part, the rest ,the last ,lots ,some ,plenty ,分数,百分数+of +名词作主语谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词保持一致。Two-thirds of the people present (be )against the plan.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth （be）covered by sea.Over twenty percent of the cit
11、y （be ）destroyed in the war.Only 40 percent of the students in the class （be ）boys.13.当用 or / eitheror / neithernor / not onlybut also / notbut 等连接句子主语时，谓语动词和与其最邻近的主语的单、复数形式保持一致（就近一致原则） 。 e.g. Not only he but also I (be) invited. e.g. I or his brothers (be) to blame.e.g. Neither I nor he (be) to att
12、end the meeting.e.g. Not only the students but also their teacher (be) enjoying the film.14.当 there be/ here be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语动词单、复数应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 e.g. There （be ） a pen, a knife and several books on the desk e.g. There （are） twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. e.g. Here
13、 （is ） a letter and a book for you.e.g. There (are) three chairs, two tables and a bike in the house.15.主语后跟 with / along with / together with / like / unlike / besides / but / except / including / as well as / rather than / more than / no less than +名词”结构时，谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致。 e.g. The teacher with a
14、number of students ( be) in the classroom.e.g. Tom, as much as you, （be）responsible for the loss. 3e.g. He more than you （be） anxious to go there.16.“one of复数名词定语从句”结构，如果 one 前面没有限定词，这个句型中的“复数名词”是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数；如果 one 前面有 the，the only, the right 等限定词修饰，则 one 是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。e.g. John is the only
15、 one of the students who (have) the keys.e.g. John is one of the students who （have ）the keys17. theadj./ v-ed / v- ing 作主语时，代表整个类别，谓语动词要用复数。如： the + dying, young, old, blind, rich, sick, wounded, poor 及 dead 等词。e.g. The old in China （be） living a happy life.e.g. The wounded （have） been saved.e.g. T
16、he sick （have） been cured and the lost have been found.1.The United States (be) hit by the Great Depression in 1930s.2. Five hundred million pounds (be) a lot of money.3.When and where this took place (be) still unknown.4. More than one person (know) about it.5. Many a student (like) football.6. Whe
17、ther she comes or not (be) of no matter.7. The British (be) very proud of their sense of humor.8. My family (be) big and the whole family (be) fond of music.9.The population in China (be) very large, and eighty percent of the population in China (be) farmers.10. A number of books (have) been sent to
18、 the children.11. The number of books in our school (be) large. 12. The bread and butter (be) served for breakfast.13.Each man and each woman there (be) asked to help. 14. My mother, as well as my father, (have) a key to the office. 15. The man together with his wife and children (be)sitting there w
19、atching TV.16.No one except his daughters (agree ) with him17.There (be) a desk, a table and three chairs in the room.18. Either my grandsons or their father (be) coming. 19. Not only the students but also their teacher (have) been invited. 20.He is one of the most famous actors who (have) lived in
20、the USA.21.She is the one of those who (have) been invited to attend the conference.主谓一致语 法 练习题1.They took out their _and began to write. A.boks B.knives C.pens D.rulers2.There were over 50_on duty in the street . A.woman B.people C.polices D.rulers3.There were over 50_on duty in the street . A.woma
21、n B.peoples C.polices D. police4.We took a lot of _in the park last Sunday. A.photoes B.glass C. tomatoes D. pictures5.Help yourself to some _ first. A.breads B.meats C.porridge D.sugars6.Would you like a glass of _? Yes ,please. A.fruits B. fruit C.tea D.orange7.He sat down and made his _warm at th
22、e time. A.mouths B .foods C.foots D.feet8.Theres usually a lot of _at this time of day. A.bus B.roads C.peoples D.traffic9.She was full of _for the old poor man . A.pity B.pitys C.pities D.thank410.I cant finish eating such a big apple. Cut it into_,please. A.half B.halfs C.halves D.halves.11.Grass
23、, which horses and cows and sheep eat,_always green in the south. A.is B.has been On October 12, 1989, some British scientists were working at the computers to look for the information they needed. Suddenly they saw a lot of very bright points crossing the computers screens. At the same time the com
24、puters were working much slower. To find out what was happening they stopped their work to check some parts of the computers. To their horror (恐怖), they found out that most of their stored information was got rid of by computer viruses (病毒) ! Clearly all these computers had been infected (感染) by com
25、puter viruses.It is said that the computer viruses were made by a group of young men fond of playing tricks. They all had excellent education. They created the viruses just to show their intelligence (才能) . These kinds of computer viruses are named Jerusalem Viruses. These viruses can stay in comput
26、ers for a long time. When the time comes they will attack (袭击) the computers by lowering the functions (功能) , damaging their normal programs or even getting rid of all the information. We now come to know that Jerusalem Viruses often attack computers on Friday and that they are spreading (传播) to a l
27、ot of computers. Among the countries that were attacked by computer viruses last year are Britain, Australia, Switzerland and the U.S. But till now, how to get rid of the terrible viruses remains a problem.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1. When the viruses attack the computers, the computers will work_ .A. normally
28、B. slowly C. faster D. well2. The group of young men created the viruses to _ .A. damage the computers B. test their abilityC. tell people that they were intelligent D. play a trick on users of the computers3. According to the passage, computer viruses seem to _.A. have been in nature for years B. s
29、tay in any computersC. be difficult to get rid of at present D. be able to be got rid of in the near future4. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Last year four countries found their computer were infected by viruses.B. The viruses will come to a new computer after staying in
30、 the old one for some time.C. Scientists are trying to find a way to get rid of the viruses.D. The Jerusalem Viruses are dangerous to human health难句注释 It is said that the computer viruses were made by a group of young men fond of playing tricks.据说计算机病毒是由一群喜欢搞恶作剧的年轻人制造出来的。名词和数词单句改错1.Dont lose hearts, youll be successful in time. 1_2.I need some more informations. 2_3.These machines look the same,but they are of different kind. 3_4.People remember him for his contribution to the country. 4_冠 词1.At a very beginning, I choose a play and actors. 1_52.You cant consider him a honest man. 2_
