1、情 态 动 词,1. 情态动词的考点1、can; may; must should; need 等表示判断及 推测；2、shall; should 的特殊用法；3、情态动词的应答策略；4、对过去的判断或推测；5、dare; need 的用法特点。,2. 情态动词的用法特点1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事 情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2） 情态动词 除 ought 和 have 外，后面只能接不带 to 的不定式。3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第 三人称单数不加-s。4） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分 词，等形式。,f.,3. 情态动词表示推测的用法A.
2、 对现在状态和动作的推测高考题点击：Helen _ go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet. （05安徽卷） A. shall B. must C. may D. can,C,说明：must 加动词原形表示“必须做”；may 加动词原形表示“可能会做”；can 加动词原形表示“能够做”；can 表示“可能性”时一般用在问句和否定句中。该句的关键在于“but she isnt quite sure yet”。,说明：neednt 表示“不必”；mustnt 表示“不准”；shant 用在二、三人称中表示“坚决不准”，含有强烈的警告和
3、命令的语气。shouldnt 表示“非常不可能”或“应该不会”。,2. There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. （05上海卷） A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldntD. neednt,C,3. Its nearly 7:00. Jack _ be here at any moment. (N 1995) A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can4. Johnny, you _ p
4、lay with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. (N 1996) A. wont, cantB. mustnt, may C. shouldnt, mustD. cant, should,C,B,must + be 表示“肯定会”；need + be 表示 “需要在”；should + 动词原形表示“非常有可能”；can 表示可能性只用在否定和疑问句中。,前句表示“你不能玩刀”，此处的 “不能”并非表示“能力”，而是表示“允许”，所以只能用“mustnt”；后句表示“可能会伤着你自己”，故用 may。,5. - Are you coming to Jeffs
5、party? - Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead. ( N 2000) A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might6. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? (2001上海春季) A. canB. shouldC. mayD. must,D,A,此句的关键在于“Im not sure”，既然不能肯定，只能是一种“可能性”。,此句的意思为：“Bush 先生总是很守时，他怎么可能在
6、出席开幕仪式时迟到呢？“ can 在否定句或疑问句中表示“可能性”。,7. - Is John coming by train? - He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (N 2002) A. mustB. canC. needD. may8. - I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. - It _ true because there was little snow there. (N 2002北京) A. may not beB. wont be C.
7、couldnt beD. mustnt be,D,C,此句的关键是“He likes driving his car.” can 和 may 都可用于否定句中，cant 表示“根本不可能”，语气很强；may not 表示“也许不可能”，语气较弱。,couldnt 的语气比 cant 弱。,B. 对过去动作或状态的推测Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. (N1993) A. have told B. tell C. be tellingD. having told2. I told Sally how to get h
8、ere, but perhaps I _ for her. (N 1994) A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out,A,C,ought to 相当于 should；此句的关键是“He meant no harm”，显然指的是过去的事。,should have written 意指“本该写但实际上并没有写”。,3. - There were already 5 people in the car but they manag
9、ed to take me as well. - It _ a comfortable journey. (N 1995) A. cant beB. shouldnt be C. mustnt have beenD. couldnt have been4. Susan_ written a report like this. (1995上海) A. can haveB. mustnt have C. cant haveD. ought to not have,D,C,此句谈论的是过去的经历，故 A、B 不合题意；must 表示判断和推测只能用在肯定句中。,该句的意思为 Susan 不可能写出这
10、样的报告来。ought to have done 的否定式为 ought not to have done。,5. Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have phoned me. (N 97) A. mustnt have arrivedB. shouldnt have arrived C. cant have arrivedD. neednt have arrived6. - I stayed at a hotel while in New York. - Oh, did you? You_ with Barbara. (N 1998) A. could hav
11、e stayedB. could stay C. would stayD. must have stayed,C,A,此句的关键是后半句，“otherwise he would have phoned me”，此处为省略了条件句的虚拟语气，表示“如果到了他会打电话给我的”，由此可见，他肯定没到。,此句并不表示判断，而是一个虚拟语气。,4. shall; should 的特殊用法 1. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2
12、002上海) A. canB. willC. mayD. shall2. Its nearly 7:00. Jack _ be here at any moment. (N 95) A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can,D,C,该句的意思为：“通知说所有的考生必须坐在位置上直到考卷收完了才能离开。”考生坐在位置上不能用“能够、将要、可以”来表示。而 shall 在第二、三人称里面表示一种“命令、警告、承诺”等。,3. - When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. - They _ be
13、ready by 12:00. (N 1998) A. canB. shouldC. mightD. need4. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. (2001上海) A. mightB. needC. shouldD. would,B,C,此句应是店主对顾客的承诺。,should 与 how; why 等表示疑问或否定的词连用时，用来表示一种惊奇的心情，意思为“居然、竟然”,5. 情态动词的应答 1. - Shall I tell John about it? - No, you _.
14、 Ive told him already. (N 1994) A. needntB. wouldntC. mustntD. shouldnt2. - Could I call you by the first name? - Yes, you_. (1998上海) A. willB. couldC. mayD. might,A,C,此句的关键是“Ive told him already”，由此可见，你就不必再对他说了。,在回答 “Could I ”这类婉客气的请求时，只能回答“Yes, you can 或 may”。不能用 could 或 might。,3. - Will you stay
15、for lunch? - Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. (N 1999) A. I mustntB. I cantC. I needntD. I wont4. - Write to me when you get home. - _. (2001北京春季) A. I mustB. I shouldC. I willD. I can,B,C,此句的关键是 “My brother is coming to see me.” 所以我不能在这儿吃饭。,在回答对方的请求或命令时，应该用 “Yes, I will.”而不能使用 would 或 shou
16、ld。,6. 情态动词的其它一些用法I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. (1996上海)A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. (N 1997) A. had toB. wouldC. was able toD. could3. When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. (1996上海) A. wouldB. shouldC. had betterD. might,D,C,A,注意比较 dare 和 need 的两种词性的不同用法。,注意比较 could 与 was able to 的用法区别。,would 在此处表示过去惯常的动作。,Good-bye!,
