1、2019 高考英语 3-2-1 精品系列专项 10 定语从句（学生版）专题 10 定语从句【考点定位】 2018 考纲解读和近几年考点分布【考点 pk】 名师考点透析考点 1：关系代词一览表关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注who 人 主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom 人 宾语Mr. Smith i s the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the warwhose 人，物 定语I like those books
2、 whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate. that 人，物 主语宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which 物 主语宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.whom, which
3、 和 that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用 that关系代词as 人，物 主语宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as 做宾语一般不省略when 时间 时间状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用 on whichwhere 地点 地点状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用 in which关系
4、副词why 原因 原因状语 I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用 for which考点 2：that 与 which，who，whom 的用法区别(2) 当先行词前面有 only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very 等形容词修饰时，只能用 that。如：This is the only problem that we cant work out. 这是我们不能解决的唯一的一个问题。(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能用 that。如
5、：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用 that。如：Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只能用 that。如：This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。 (6
6、) 当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时，只能用 that。如：Which is the picture that you drew yesterday? 你昨天画的那张画是哪一张？(3) 先行词为代词 that 或 that 所修饰时，只能用 which。如：I dont take that which is too expensive. 我不要太贵的那一个。who (whom) 和 that 的用法区别详解 :在定语从句中，关系代词 who (whom) 和 that 都可指人和物，在一般情况下，可以互换使用，但在以下情况下值得注意：一、用 who (whom) 而不用 that 的
7、情形(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时，只能用 who (whom)。如：My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐，她在国外学习，就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时，只能用 who (whom)。如：Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位
8、女孩子吗？(3) 当先行词为 people 和 those 时，只能用 who (whom)。如：Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。(4) 当先行词为 one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时，只能用 who (whom)。如：Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。(5) 先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用 who。如：The man who came here yesterday
9、 said he would come again in a few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。二、用 that 而不用 who (whom)的情形(1) 当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，引导词只能用 that。如：The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. 在为我们队踢足球的最高哪个运动员来自山东。(2) 当先行词前面有 only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very 形容词修饰时，引导词只能用 t
10、hat。如：He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. 他是唯一的一个对老师说“不” 的学生She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着跟我几天前所丢失的上衣同样的上衣。(暗含：她所穿的上衣不是我所丢失的那一件 )考点 3 关系副词引导的定语从句1、关系副词一览表when 时间 时间状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用 on whichwhere 地点 地点状语 This is the ho
11、use where I was born. 可用 in which关系副词 why 原因 原因状语I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用 for which典例： Mozarts birthplace and the house he composed The Marc Flute are both museums nowAwhere Bwhen Cthere Dwhich特别提示在英语中有几个词虽然不指具体的地点，但它们作先行词时常用 where 引导定语从句( ：介词+which)。常见的有：situation/ca
12、se/point/circumstances/stage 等。I have come to the point where I cant stand him我已经到了无法容忍他的程度。Hes got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane他发现他陷入了危险的境地，他有可能会失去对飞机的控制。典例： Its helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differentlyAthat B
13、when Cwhich Dwhere考点 4：“介词+ 关系代词”以及关系副词引导的定语从句1概述Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore，three of which were English novels =Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore，of which three were English novels上个星期天，我从书店买回几本书，其中三本是英文小说。He wrote a book，the name of which Ive completely forg
14、otten他写了一本书，书名我完全给忘记了。The old man has two daughtersboth of whom are doctors那位老人有两个女儿，她们都是医生。(3)形容词最高级+介词+关系代词China has thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan中国有成千上万的岛屿，其中最大的是台湾。(4)介词+关系代词+名词I called him by the wrong namefor which mistake I apologized我叫错了他的名字，为此我向他表示了歉意。(不能使用 whose)2关系代词
15、的选择用于” 介词 +关系代词”结构的关系代词指人时只能用 whom，指物时只能用 which，即介词+which/whom。典例：You can only be sure of you have at present；you cannot be sure of something you might get in the futureAthat；what Bwhat；/ Cwhich；that D/；that【三年高考】 10 、11 、12 高考试题及其解析2018 高考英语试题3.(2018 天津卷)7.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _
16、help I would never have got this far.A. who B. whose C. whom D. which6.(2018 福建卷)23.The air quality in the city, _ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.A. that B. it C. as D. what7.(2018 湖南卷) 34.Care of the soul is a gradual process _even the small details of life should be
17、considered.A. what B. in what C. which D. in which8.(2018 江苏卷)22.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. who C. where D. what9.(2018 江西卷)28 By 16:30, was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been s
18、old.Awhich Bwhen Cwhat Dthat12.(2018 四川卷)13.In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses.A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them13.(2018 浙江卷)9.We live in an age _ more information is available with great ease than ever before.A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which14.(2018 浙江卷)17.Ellen
19、was a painter of birds and nature, _, for some reason , had withdrawn from all human society.A. which B. who C. where D. whom2017 高考英语试题1.（2017 安徽卷）Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.A when B which C where D while2.（2017 四川卷）The school shop,
20、 customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.A which B whose C when D where3.（2017 浙江卷）A bank is the place _they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain .A when B that C where D there 7.（2017 陕西卷）I walked up to the top of the hill with my feiend,
21、 we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake .Awhich B where C who Dthat8.（2017 山东卷）The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other.A they B where C what D that9.（2017 全国 2 卷）Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, is a stupid thing to do in such w
22、eather.A this B that C what D which10.（ 2017 江西卷）She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _had taken more than three years.A for whichB with which C of which D to whichAthat Bwhen Csince Dberore14.（ 2017 福建卷）She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them
23、to communicate freely with each other.A which B where C what D who 15.（ 2017 北京卷）Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.A who B which C what D that2017 高考英语试题1.(2017 高考英语上海秋季卷,38)Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the
24、 near future.A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which2.(2017 高考英语重庆卷,28)In china, the number of cities is increasing _ _ _development is recognized across the world.A. where B. which C. whose D. that3.(2017 高考英语浙江卷,3)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of _ left their villag
25、e homes for a better life in the city. Awhom Bwhich Cthem Dthose7.(2017 高考英语陕西卷,11)The old temple _ _ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. A. where B. which C. its D. whose8.(2017 高考英语山东卷,24)Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen.A. that B. which C. whose D. what9.(2017 高
26、考英语江西卷,31)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour.A where B who C which D what10.(2017 高考英语江苏卷,32)The newly built caf, the walls of_ _ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.A. that B.
27、it C. what D. which 14.(2017 高考英语大纲全国 II 卷,16)I refuse to accept the blame for something _ _ was someone elses fault.A. who B. that C. as D. what 15.(2017 高考英语北京卷,27)Children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A. what B. whose C. which D. that【两年模拟】 11、12 高考模拟题及其答案1
28、1、 12 高考模拟题1、 （河北省普通高中 2018 届高三教学质量监测英语） About 1.62 million Chinese students went abroad to study between 1978 and 2017, _ only 497,400 have come back.Awho Bamong whomC among which Din whom4、 （ 2018 安徽省合肥市模拟） The National Education Department says again school safety has set off alarm bells with fre
29、quent serious accidents students got injured or even killed.A that B when C in which D from where5、 （ 2018 郑州模拟）The first snow didnt fall until February in our province this year，_was unexpected.A it B which C that D what6、 （ 2018 温州模拟）Attention!Our bus is approaching Cambridge，_well be stopping to
30、eat.A when B which C as D where7、 （ 2017 四川省成都市高三四校第一次联考） In the end, it was Becky _ he turned for a gentle word and a smile.A on whom B in whomC. to whom D for whom11、 （ 2017 南昌市高三年级调研测）Theyve won their last three matches, _ I find a bit surprising actually.Athat Bwhen Cwhat Dwhich12、 （ 2017 济南市高三教
31、学质量调研）People who seldom do sports or _diet is high in fat will put off Weight quickly. A who B whose C which D what 13、 （ 2017 南昌市高三年级第一次模拟考试）We stayed in a quiet hotel,_.Anext to it was a thick woodB. next to which was a thick woodC. next to it there was a thick woodD. next to which a thick wood wa
32、s14、（ 2017 广西百所重点中学高三阶段性检测）Ill never forget the days _ I learned hard in my senior high school, _ changed my whole life.Athat; which Bwhen; whichC which; when Dthat; that15、 （ 2017 福州市高三年级第一次质量检查）Believe it or not. my sister and l are twins.Oh，you must have had the case_ you were taken for your sist
33、er.A which B whose C where D whom【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析4、 She may have missed the train,_ she wont arrive for another hourAin which case Bin her case Cin any case Din that case5、 The manager was very angry, for he had sent his business partner two thousand machines yesterday, half of unqualified.Awhom Bwha
34、t Cthem Dwhich9、 We will be shown around the city : schools , museums , and some other places , other visitors seldom goAwhat Bwhich Cwhere Dwhen10、 The number 9.11 is a special number, , I think, that will be remembered by the Americans forever.Awhat Bit Cwhich Done11、 Televisions enable us to see
35、things happen almost at theexact moment_.Awhich they are happening Bwhen they are happeningCwhich they happen Dthey have happened12、 We went through a period _communications were very difficult in the rural areas. Awhich Bin which Cwhose Dwith which13、 Footy is a mix of soccer and rugby, a sport pla
36、yers hold the ball and run with it.Awhere Bwhich C when Dthat14、 “Youll have to wait for two hours, is, about 11:30, the medical report will come out.“The doctor said to me.A、that, when B、which, that C、that, before D、which, when【考点预测】 2018 高考预测【母题特供】每个专题 5 道最典型试题母题一： 关系代词 that 和 which 引导的定语从句 I was
37、given three books on cooking, the first _ I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which 母题二： 关系代词和关系副词的选择 母题四： as 和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句 _ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What 母题五、定语从句与其它句型的混合考查Was it in the village_we used to live in_the accident happened? A. where; that B. which; that C. that; where D. where; which
