1、Period 3,Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural WorldFunctionGrammar,语法专题突破,品味语法1When I got to the airport，they may have just left home.2Its surprising that you can drive. You must have learned it before.3There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone?4You neednt have taken a taxi he
2、re，for it was very near to my house.,自我探究以上各句均使用了“情态动词have done”结构。该结构的动作发生在过去。,Shall:,用于第一和第三人称疑问句, 表示征求对方的意见,请求许可。,Shall he come in?要他进来吗?,Shall we go now?我们现在就走吗?,Shall:用于第二和第三陈述句中,表示决心,强制,命令,警告,允诺等。,The shares shall be divided into five parts according to the law.,根据法律这些股份将被分成五份。,Will:,表示客观规律Tom
3、orrow will be Sunday.,表示愿意：If you will wait, Ill call for you.,明天将是星期日。,如果你愿意等, 我就给你叫他。,表示临时决定-You have forgotten to turn off the light.-Really? I will go and turn it off.,你忘记关灯了。真的吗？我这就去关上。,1. must have +done sth,表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet
4、.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。,2. ought to should,have done sth.,本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。 1.You ought to / should have been more careful in this experiment.3. “shouldnthave done”本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。1. Look，Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 我本来不应
5、该对他如此严厉的。,4. neednt have done sth,本没必要做某事而做了I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I neednt have done so. The weather was hot.5. needhave done本来需要做某事而没有做。He need have hurried to the station. In that case，he wouldnt have missed the train.他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。,6“couldhave done”,“本来能够做某事而没有做”。He c
6、ould have passed the exam，but he was too careless.本来他能够通过考试的，但是他太粗心了。7“canthave done”“不可能做过某事” 对过去事情的否定推测。Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home.Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing，for I saw him in the library just now.,Grammar -3. Summary (2m),8.may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经” ，用于肯
7、定句中。What has happened to George? I dont know. He may have got lost. 乔治发生了什么事？ 我不知道，他可能迷路了。,9.“might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. 他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。 2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chan
8、ces. 如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。,would like to have done sth本打算做某事而没有做I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.,情态动词+ have +过去分词,表示否定的情态动词的用法:,mustnt 不准；禁止 neednt 没必要 ( = dont have to )cant 不能；不可能may not 不可以；可能不shouldnt 不应该 ( = ought not to ),Function-1. Presentation,Many people t
9、hink the monster may be related to Nessie.They think there might be similar creatures in other lakes.Scientists say the lake is unlikely to be able to support such a big creature.Which sentences say that something is possible?Which sentences say that something is impossible?Which word is followed by
10、 to+verb?,1, 2,3,unlikely,FUNCTION小结:may: 可能会,或许会might: 可能,或许(语气更不肯定)unlikely: 可能性不大的(形容词),1.It may be a new species.,它可能是一种新的物种。,语气,强 弱,2. She is unlikely to arrive before 7.,Function-3. Practice(4m) Do activity 2 on page 54.,Keys:There might still be dinosaurs somewhere.Dont go near the water. It
11、may be very deep.We are unlikely to see the monster.There may be an underground river from Loch Ness to the sea.We must help him- he may not be able to swim.There are likely to be lots of strange creatures in that lake.,Grammar - 2. Presentation (3m) Read the sentences and answer the questions,The d
12、inosaurs may have stopped evolving, and been unable to adapt to changes in the climate.They might have killed each other. We use may have done or might have done to talk about _.Something which happened in the past-perhaps.Something which is impossible.Something which may happen in the future.,1,Gra
13、mmar -4. Practice (5m) Do activity 2 and 3 on page 57.,Keys:might have causedmay have cut offmay have survivedmight have been killed,Think of more reasons why the dinosaurs might have disappeared.,.单项填空1(2011年高考课标全国卷)They_ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.AwillBcanCmust Dshould
14、解析：选D。,2I didnt go to work yesterday afternoon because my car broke down.You _ mine，I wasnt using it.Acould have borrowed Bmight borrowCmust have borrowed Dought to borrow解析：选A。,3Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed，he arrived half an hour early.Aneednt BwouldntCmustnt Dcouldnt解析：选A。,4(20
15、11年高考江苏卷)I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean，someone_ it.Awill have stolen Bmight have stolenCshould have stolen Dmust have stolen,解析：选B。might have done“可能已经”,5I _have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams.
16、Ashouldnt BneedntCcouldnt Dmustnt解析：选A。,6Has your father got up?Sorry，Im not sure. He _ have got up. Please go and see for yourself.Amust BcantCwould Dmight 解析：选D。,7I wonder why Mr.Green looks worried today.Im not sure，but he _ a small accident driving here.Acould have Bmight haveCmight have had Dmu
17、st have had解析：选C。,.用所给动词的适当形式填空1Your mother must _(wait) for you now.答案：be waiting2You could _(do)better，but you didnt try your best.答案：have done3You shouldnt _(take) away my measuring tape，for I wanted to use it.答案：have taken,4If the train is up to time，John should _(be) here any minute now.答案：be5.
18、He may _(come) soon；Im not sure.答案：come6He_(know) the truth；otherwise he wouldnt be so angry now.答案：might have known7They cant _(go) to work，as its Sunday.答案：have gone,8Are you going to Jeffs party?Im not sure. I_(go) to the concert instead.答案：might go,1. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of cour
19、se, you_. A. might B. will C. can D. should,答案C could表示委婉的语气，并不为时态。答语中of course，表示肯定的语气，允许某人做某事时，用can和 may来表达，不能用could或might。,练习,2. Shall I tell John about it?No, you _. Ive told him already. A. needntB. wouldnt C. mustntD. shouldnt,答案A neednt 不必，不用。 wouldnt 将不, 不会的。 mustnt 禁止、不能。 shouldnt不应该。本题为不需要
20、，不必的意思，应用neednt。,3. Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow._.A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent,答案B will既可当作情态动词，表请求、建议、也可作为实义动词表“意愿、意志、决心”，本题表示决心，选B。,The children lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled. （2013陕西） A. must have got B. mus
21、t get C. should have got D. should get26. Why are your eyes so red? You _ have slept well last night. Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report. （2013辽宁） A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. wont,其它情态动词小结:must have done:对过去或已完成的动作作出肯定的推测can/could not have done对过去或已完成的动作作出否定的推测neednt have done本不需要做而实际上做了,didnt/neednt to do本不需要做而实际上也没做didnt/neednt have done本不需要做某事实际上却做了should have done本应该做而实际上没做 (责备),
