1、语法填空专练(七)A(20 18济南 5 月模拟) Woodblock paintings (木版画) are often hung at homes during the Chinese Lunar New Year.For many Chinese, the brightcolored paintings are quite timelimited. As soon as the festival comes to an end, these print works are at once thrown away. _ 1_， these shortlived New Year paint
2、ings require a year of hard work by the artists, many of _2_ have devoted their entire life to this traditional folk art.Yang Luoshu, a 92yearold man from Weifang City, Shandong Province, is _3_ those who have had a great love of the art. Yang has worked as _4_ craftsman for 77 years, and has kept i
3、mproving his carving skills with every piece of work.Yangjiabu New Year woodblock paintings, which Yang has fallen in love with, _5_ (appear) in the Ming Dynasty. As a national cultural heritage, it is now one of Chinas three _6_ (representative) of traditional folk paintings for the New Year, toget
4、her with Tianjins Yangliuqing and Suzhous Taohuawu._7_ (run) a centuriesold folk art family workshop named Tongshunde, Yang has carved all kinds of images, including flowers, birds, mountains, rivers and traditional Chinese gods. But he realizes that something must be changed _8_ (make) sure handmad
5、e New Year paintings live on. “We are now thinking about development, allowing the paintings to be more _9_ (create)， ” he said. For him, the next thing to do is to find qualified successors to ensure that the skills _ 10_ (pass) to younger generations.【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了毕生致力于中国年画的艺术家 Yang Luoshu
6、的故事。1答案与解析：However 考查副词。根据上文中的“thrown away”和下文中的“require a year of hard work”可知，上下句之间是转折关系，一旦新年结束，这些印刷作品就会被扔掉。然而，这些短寿命的年画却需要艺术家们一年的辛勤工作。故填 However。注意首字母大写。2答案与解析：whom 考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是“artists” ，指人，位于介词 of 后，应用 whom，此处指许多艺术家把一生都献给了这种传统的民间艺术。故填whom。3答案与解析：among 考查介词。句意为：Yang Luoshu，一位来自山东省潍坊市的 92
7、 岁老人，是那些热爱这项艺术的人中的一个。among 意 为“在之中” ，符合 语境。故填 among。4答案与解析：a 考 查冠词。此处指 Yang Luoshu 作为一名工匠工作了 77 年。而且 craftsman 是读 音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填 a。5答案与解析：appeared 考查动词的时态。分析句型结构可知， “which Yang has fallen in love with”是定语从句，修饰先行词“woodblock paintings”，所以此处 appear 是谓语动词；根据时间状语“in the Ming Dynasty”可知，此 处应用一般过去时。故填 appe
8、ared。6答案与解析：representatives 考查名词 的复数。根据前面的“one of”可知，此处用名 词的复数形式。故填representatives。7答案与解析：Running 考查非谓语动词。分析句型结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语；因为动词 run 与其逻辑主语“Yang”之 间是主动 关系，所以用现在分 词作状语。故填Running。注意首字母大写。8答案与解析：to make 考查非谓语动词。句意为：但他意识到必须改变一些东西，以确保手工制作的年画继续存在。此处用动词不定式表示目的。故填 to make。9答案与解析：creative 考查词性转换。根据前面的“mor
9、e”可知，此处 构成形容词的比较级，意为“更有创造性的”。故填 creative。10答案与解析：will be passed 考查动词的时态和语态。pass 这个动作还未发 生，所以用一般将来 时；又因为动词 pass 与“the skills”之间是被 动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故填 will be passed。B(20 18石家庄质量检测二) When it comes to eating habits, China is a country we must mention. Unlike in the West, _ 1_ everyone has their own pl
10、ate of food, in China the dishes _2_ (place) on the table and everybody shares. If youre being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food.During eating, the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests _3_ (show) his or her politeness. The appropriate thing to do is to eat the foo
11、d and say how delicious it is. If you dont like it, you can just say a polite “thank you”， with the food _4_ (leave) there. But dont stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. If so, its very impolite _5_ the host and seniors who are present at the table.At dinner, if half of the fish is eaten
12、up, a guest shouldnt turn the fish over by saying “fan”， which is _6_ Chinese word for “turn over”， which is considered bad luck for _7_ (fisherman) and their boats. The _8_ (separate) of the fish bone from the lower half of the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess. This is especially true i
13、n southern China.These tips above will be _9_ (extreme) useful when you visit China, an _ 10_ (east) country with a long history.【解题导语】 就餐礼仪因文化不同而不同。本文主要介绍了中国的餐桌文化。1答案与解析：where 考查定语从句。空处是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the West，同 时在从句中作地点状语。【知识储备】 常见的引导定语从句的关系副词有三个：when，where 和 why；它们在定语从句中都作状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因。This
14、is the reason why he was late for school this morning.这就是他今早上学迟到的原因。2答案与解析：are placed 考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句子讲述的是客观情况，要用一般现在时；主语 the dishes 与动词place 之间是被动关系，所以要用被 动语态 。3答案与解析：to show 考查非谓语动词。主人上菜给客人，附带有公筷，这是为了表示对客人的礼貌。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。4答案与解析：left 考查非谓语动词。此处为 with 复合结构，空处作宾语 the food 的补足语，并且 the food 与 leave
15、之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用过去分词。5答案与解析：to 考查介词。be polite/impolite to sb.是固定短语，意思是“对某人礼貌/ 不礼貌” 。6答案与解析：the 考查冠词。 “fan”就是 汉字里表示“翻过来”的意思。此处表示特指，故要用定冠词 the。7答案与解析：fishermen 考查名词的单 复数。fisherman为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故空处应用名词的复数形式。8答案与解析：separation 考查名词。空处前面有定冠词the 修饰，再结合空后的 of 可知，空处应填名词。9答案与解析：extremely 考查副词。空处修饰后面的形容词 use
16、ful，作状语，要用副词。10答案与解析：eastern 考查形容词。空处作定语，修饰后面的名词 country，表示“东方的” ，所以要用 eastern。C(20 18山东省高三下学期高考预测)The famous Peking opera artist Yuan Huiqin hosted two culture talks _ 1_ were called “Charm (魅力) of Peking Opera” in Stockholm and St. Petersburg last year.The two sessions, as programs of Chinese Cult
17、ure Talk, _2_ (organize) by the Bureau for External Cultural Relations of the Ministry of Culture of China, Chinese embassies and local cultural organizations. _3_ (member) of Chinese embassies, famous sinologists (汉学家) and those _4_ (show) an interest in Peking opera, attended the two culture talks
18、.The host, Yuan Huiqin, is a national classA artist of China National Peking Opera Company and a winner of the Plum Blossom Prize. During the talks, she _5_ (patient) shared the charm of Peking opera in more than one way.With the help of the local sinologists, _6_ (she) talks were translated into Sw
19、edish and Russian. These words explored the concepts and artistic characteristics of _7_ (tradition) Chinese operas, which got audience _8_ (experience) the distinct charm of Peking opera._9_ addition, young artists from the China National Peking Opera Company performed classic opera selections. Dur
20、ing the interaction of the talks, some opera lovers performed with young artists and on _ 10_ spot the audience tried costumes (戏装) of Peking opera with great curiosity.【解题导语】 本文属于说明文。京剧名家袁慧琴在瑞典的斯德哥尔摩和俄罗斯的圣彼得堡主持了两场京剧文化交流活动。1答案与解析：which/that 考查定语从句。空 处引导定语从句，先行词是 talks，空处在从句中作主 语，故用 which 或 that。2答案与
21、解析：were organized 考查时态和语态。此处讲述的是过去的动作，应用一般过去时；主语是 The two sessions，与 organize 是被动关系，故应用被动语态 。【易错分析】 本题容易做错，考生可能由于没看懂句子结构而将空处作为非谓语动词处理，或者由于没看清主语是谁而误填 was organized。3答案与解析：Members 考查名词的单复数。根据本句中的 of Chinese embassies 可知，应用 member 的复数形式。4答案与解析：showing 考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，show 与 those 是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词
22、。5答案与解析：patiently 考查副词。此处修饰谓语动词，故用副词。6答案与解析：her 考查代词。她的演讲被翻译成瑞典语和俄语。故使用 she 的形容词性物主代词。7答案与解析：traditional 考查形容词。这里使用形容词修饰后面的 Chinese operas，表示“传统的中国 戏剧” 。8答案与解析：to experience 考查非谓语动词。get sb. to do sth.表示“使某人做某事” ，experience 在此作动词用，表示“经历，体验” 。9答案与解析：In 考查介词。in addition 意为“此外，除此之外” ，相当于 besides。10答案与解析
23、：the 考查冠词。on the spot“当场” ，是固定搭配，故填 the。D(20 18广州综合测试二) Throughout history, people have thought of the ocean as a diverse and limitless source of food. Yet today there is clear evidence that the ocean has a limit. Most of the big fish in our ocean are now _ 1_ (go). One major cause is overfishing. P
24、eople are taking so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace _2_ (they)For centuries, local fishermen caught only enough fish for their own and their communitys needs. However, from the early 20th century, people around the world became interested _3_ consuming proteinrich foods. Peop
25、le began _4_ (catch) large quantities of fish for profit and selling them to worldwide markets. In a very short period of time, commercial fishing _5_ (great) reduced the number of large predatory fish, such as cod and tuna.Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea, _6_ theyre mostly just the
26、 little ones. Small fish, _7_ include sardines and anchovies, have more than doubled in number largely because there are not enough big fish _8_ (eat) them.Such large fish _9_ (be) necessary, because they hunt and kill the sick and weak smaller fish. Without this weeding out, or survival of the fitt
27、est, ecosystems become less stable. As a result, fish are less able to survive _ 10_ (difficult) such as pollution, environmental change, or changes in the food supply.【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了海洋中大鱼数量减少的原因以及由此而造成的后果。1答案与解析：gone 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，故填形容词 gone，意为“不在了，不 见了” 。注意：此处非被动的含义。【知识储备】 过去分词和被动形式的区别在于，过去
28、分词表示状态，而被动形式则强调动作。2答案与解析：themselves 考查代词。根据该从句的主语为 many species 可知，此处应用其反身代 词，表示“自我替换” 。3答案与解析：in 考查介词。be/become interested in 意为“对感兴趣” ，为固定用法，故用介词 in。4答案与解析：catching 考查非谓语动词。begin doing/to do sth.意为“开始做某事” ，是固定用法，又由句中的“and selling”可知，此处与 selling 是并列关系，形式应相同，故填catching。5答案与解析：greatly 考查副词。修饰动词一般用副词，
29、故用副词 greatly 修饰动词 reduced，在句中作状语。6答案与解析：but 考查连词。根据语境可知，此 处表示转折，故用连词 but。7答案与解析：which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词 Small fish，故用 which。8答案与解析：to eat 考查非谓语动词 。enough. to do sth. 意为“足够的去做” ，为固定用法，故用不定式。9答案与解析：are 考查主谓一致。根据本句中的 they 可知，Such large fish 表示复数概念，故谓语动词用复数。10答案与解析：difficul
30、ties 考查词形转换。根据语境中所列举的各种困难可知，此处用名词的复数形式表种类，故用difficulties。E(20 18长春市质量监测一) The annual Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival is Harbins main tourist highlight. It is the worlds biggest winter festival. The _ 1_ (bitter) cold winters are just right for this festival. _2_ sets the Harbin festival apart is the
31、 scale and size of the sculptures and the _3_ (beauty) lighting. It is bigger than _4_ ones in Sapporo, Norway, and Quebec.At first, mainly the Chinese _5_ (participate), but in the last decade, it has become an international festival and _6_ (compete). As the festival grows in international partici
32、pation, and as Chinas economy grows, the size of the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps _7_ (grow). The works making up these exhibits are astonishing, and their size and beauty are amazing.The lighting _8_ (effect) on the huge ice sculptures in the Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival a
33、re technologically complex.Officially, the festival _9_ (hold) from the end of December through February. Opening dates keep changing, and ending dates partly depend _ 10_ the weather.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了哈尔滨冰雕节的发展和现状。1答案与解析：bitterly 考查副词。空 处修饰形容词cold，所以要用副 词。 bitterly cold“极其寒冷的 ”。2答案与解析：What 考查主语从句。
34、分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，指“的东西” ，故填 What。3答案与解析：beautiful 考查形容词。根据句意可知，此处的 lighting 是名词，意为“灯光” ，所以要用形容 词来修饰。4答案与解析：the 考查冠词。空后的 ones 指 festivals，后面给出了具体的地点，故空处表特指，应填定冠词 the。5答案与解析：participated 考查时态。空处所填词在句中作谓语，根据时间状语 At first 可知，此处 描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。6答案与解析：competition 考查名词。空处与前面的名词festival 并列，故填所 给词的名词形式。7
35、答案与解析：growing 考查非谓语动词。 keep (on) doing sth.是固定用法，表示 “继续做某事” ，故填 growing。8答案与解析：effects 考查名词。 effect 在此处意为“效果” ，根据后面的谓语动词 are 可知，空处要用名词复数。9答案与解析：is held 考查时态和语态。此处描述的是现在的客观情况，故用一般现在时；the festival 与 hold 之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。10答案与解析：on/upon 考查介词。depend on/upon 意为“取决于” ，是固定搭配。F(20 18银川检测) Rajesh Naik _ 1_ (t
36、ransform) 120 acres of wasteland into an organic farm, providing an _2_ (inspire) example of the efforts to create a large lake.“I come from a family of agriculturalists and this land is my ancestral land, _3_ hard rock structures make it difficult to hold water. People thought it was impossible to
37、farm this land and _4_ I was throwing away my career. However, I was determined to work on developing the water resources in the area， ” says Rajesh.It took a lot of financial resources and time _5_ (create) the lake, which is enough to irrigate (灌溉) the whole farm. This has not only encouraged plan
38、t _6_ (grow) in the area, but also helped in increasing the water table (地下水位) in the surrounding areas _7_ the farm. Besides growing fruit and vegetables, Rajesh has also started a dairy farm that has _8_ (many) than 200 cows.“If this model _9_ (carry) out in every part of the country, the whole co
39、untry will be able to solve its water problems and have agriculture _ 10_ (total) based on organic farming. What is important is the will of people and the support from the government， ” says Rajesh.【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了 Rajesh Naik 把 120 英亩的荒地变成了有机农场 的过程及其对未来的期望。1答案与解析：has transformed 考查动词的时态。根据下文中
40、的“providing an _2_ (inspire) example of the efforts to create a large lake”可知，此处为过去发 生的事情对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时，即 Rajesh Naik 已经把 120 英亩的荒地变成了一个有机农场。2答案与解析：inspiring 考查非谓语动词。为创造一个大型湖泊的努力提供了一个鼓舞人心的例子。根据语境可知，此处用现在分词作定语，意为“鼓舞人心的” 。3答案与解析：where 考查定语从句。坚硬的岩石结构使其难以蓄水。分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语，又根据语境可知用 where
41、 引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。4答案与解析：that 考查连接词。人们认为耕种这片土地是不可能的，我正在浪费我的事业，分析句子结构可知此处为宾语从句，若动词后有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，第二个和后面几个从句的 that 不能省略，所以此处应 填 that。5答案与解析：to create 考查非谓语动词。建成这个湖需要花费大量的财政资源和时间，此处 it takes (sb.)时间/ 金钱to do sth.为固定结构，其中动词不定式为真正的主语。6答案与解析：growth 考查名词。这不 仅促进了该地区植物的生长，而且也提高了农场周边地区的地下水位。根据语境可知此处用名词 growt
42、h 意为“生长” 。7答案与解析：of 考查介词。参见上题 解析。根据语境可知 the farm 与 the surrounding areas 为所属关系，所以用 of 所有格。8答案与解析：more 考查形容词比较级。Rajesh 还创办了一个有 200 多头奶牛的牛奶场。此处 more than 意为“超过” ，为固定结构。9答案与解析：is carried 考查动词的时态及语态。根据语境可知，此处主语 model 与动词 carry 之 间为被动关系；空处所在句描述的是将来的情况，又因为在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态。10答案与解析：totally 考查副词。此处修饰动词短语based on，用副词。
