1、V-Pilot Vertical Drilling System 垂直钻井系统,Sperry Drilling Services September 2008Jiu Sijun 酒思君 China DD Technical Advisor,V-Pilot 垂直钻井系统,1,What is it? 什么是垂直钻井系统,4,Whats the results? 使用效果,2.,How does it works? 工作原理,3,Where has Sperry Drilling Services used it? 应用情况,5,Whats the advantages for this new t
2、echnology? V-Pilot的优势,A tool that utilizes gravity to direct porting of hydraulic fluids to the appropriate pad 利用重力作用直接使流体推击相应的垫片 A vertical drilling system that maintains verticality on the fly with minimal intervention. 最小干预的实时调整的一种垂直钻井系统 A simple, elegant solution that avoids electronics. 简单而严密的
3、无电子元件的解决方案 Designed to increase reliability and temperature capability in harsh drilling conditions 恶劣钻井环境下改善工具的可靠性和抗温能力 A tool that enables fast drilling with high WOB whilst maintaining verticality 高钻压快速钻直的一种钻井工具,What is it? 什么是V-Pilot？,V-Pilot Components 组成部件,The V-Pilot has two sections. The upp
4、er section is a modified GeoForce Motor. The lower section is the vertical drilling device. V-Pilot 由两部分组成，上部是改良的GeoForce马达，下部是垂直钻井部分,The two parts are delivered separately to the rig site and are easily connected before going in the hole. 两部分分开运输到井场，下钻时直接连接,The lower section is a hydro-mechanic dev
5、ice. 下部是液压机械设备 The most important parts are: 重要部件包括：Pendulum 大钟摆总成Valve assembly 阀门总成Pads. 垫片总成,U-Joint and Pendulum Assembly U型接头与大钟摆总成,Valve Assembly 阀门总成,Piston Assembly 活塞总成,VERTICAL DRILLING DEVICE 垂直钻井设备部分,How it Works 工作原理,The GeoForce motor is powered by the drilling fluid and its shaft rota
6、tion is transferred to the shaft in the lower section.GeoForce马达通过泥浆驱动将动力传递到下部的垂直钻井设备部分The shaft rotation powers up the hydraulic pumps.马达传动轴驱动垂直钻井设备的液压泵 The valves in the valve assembly are activated buy the pendulum when the well is deviated from the vertical. Deviation from vertical as low as 0.2
7、 are enough to activate the valve.当产生井斜时，大钟摆系统激活阀门总成的阀门，产生侧向力，使钻具重新回到垂直状态。最小井斜0.2时可以激活阀门。,How it Works 工作原理,When one (or two) valve is opened by the pendulum, it allows the hydraulic fluid to actuate one (or two) of the 4 pistons in the opposite side.当一个或两个阀门被大钟摆打开之后，水力流体激活反方向的4个活塞中一个或两个 The pistons
8、 maintain pressure against the hole wall forcing the bit (push-the-bit) to drill laterally bringing the well back to vertical. The pistons will stay extended until the well returns to the vertical and the valve(s) are no longer activated and are retracted by springs.活塞推击井壁，使钻具回到垂直状态。活塞的位置一直延伸直到井眼垂直没
9、有侧向力为止,How it Works 工作原理,Valve Assembly 阀门总成,Pad Assembly 垫片总成,Pivot Joint Assembly 枢轴总成 low friction joint 低摩擦系数接头 maximizes pendulum side force 能产生最大的大钟摆侧向力,Valve Assembly 阀门总成 light load actuation 轻载荷激活功能 viscous damping to reduced system oscillation (water hammer effect) 粘滞阻尼减少震动“水锤”效果,Kick Pad
10、Assembly 激活垫片总成 Four pistons producing variable sideforce from pads 四个活塞可以产生变化的侧向力 Flow holes through pads to eliminate mud entrapment 垫片流道孔减少泥浆的滞留 Rigsite-changeable pads to change hole size 垫片的大小可现场根据井眼的大小进行调试,Pivot Joint Assembly 枢轴总成,How it Works 工作原理,Location of extending blades for corrective
11、force 可延伸的勒板，校正力的大小,V-Pilot Vertical Drilling System,Field Locations 油田位置,Foothills of Canadian Rockies. 加拿大丘陵地带的岩石 Rock properties with high compressive strength where 2-5 m/hr typical, 高岩石压缩强度，平均机械钻速2-5m/h Formation dips of 70. 地层倾角70 3/30m natural build rate. 自然造斜3/30m Extremely high vibration ar
12、ea. 井下震动极高地区 Cleanout trip always required prior to running casing. 下套管之前必须通井,Field Test Result 试用结果,Successfully drilled 504 m (1,653 ft) in two runs under AFE target time. 在满足AFE时间的前提下，两趟钻完成了504米 Maintained low inclination 保持了较小的井斜 Completed entire interval with one roller cone bit field average i
13、s 3-4. 一支牙轮钻头完成整个井段，而该油田平均需要3-4只 ROP up to 7 m/hr, at the high end of the field average. 机械钻速7m/h，是该油田的平均之最。 Tool proved largely insensitive to WOB up to 20 tons used. 最大钻压达到20吨 Eliminated reaming and back-reaming due to outstanding hole quality 井眼质量光滑，减少了短起下钻时间和倒划眼时间,Field Test Result 试用结果,Configur
14、able on the rig site 现场组装 Change hole sizes at casing points 下完套管后，现场根据井眼大小进行调整,Designed for Harsh Drilling 用于恶劣钻井环境 Robust with no electronics means lower risk of failure 皮实耐用，没有电子元器件，工具失效风险小,Matched to the rig 满足钻机负荷 GeoForce or Performance motor depending on rig capability 根据钻机性能匹配GeoForce或高性能马达,
15、Correction on the fly 随时校正 Minimal intervention required 需要的校正最少 Invisible to drilling parameters 钻井参数不受影响,V-Pilot Advantages 优点优势,V-Pilot Advantages 优点优势,Bit stabilization utilized on V-Pilot - Extended gauge length for smoother well bore profile. 使用V-Pilot长保径钻头井眼光滑 Can be adapted to any bit choice
16、. 可以使用任何钻头 WOB can be maximized without risk of ledging. 工具不受最大钻压的限制 Reduction in reaming and tripping time. 减少划眼时间和起下钻时间 Enhanced casing running. 提高下套管质量,Areas with strong natural deviation tendencies 强烈自然倾斜地层 Highly inclined beds 大倾斜层 Massive salt formations块状岩盐地层 Hard rock, high vibration areas坚硬
17、岩石，强烈振动地层 High temperature environments高温环境,Where is V-Pilot Targeted for Use? 应用范围,V-Pilot 9600 Operating Parameters 作业参数,Hole Size: 12-1/4”-22” 井眼尺寸：12-1/4”-22” Max WOB: 270 Kips 最大钻压：122吨 Max operating torque: 13,004 ftlbs 最大作业扭矩：27,116Nm Max differential Pressure: 720psi 最大压差: 4.96 MPa Flow rang
18、e: 600 gpm 1200 gpm 排量：600-1200gpm,THANK YOU,V-Pilot 垂直钻井系统,GeoForce Motor,Swash Plate: (yellow w/red bearings). One half is fixed and one half is attached to the shaft. When the power section turns the drive shaft through the V-Pilot the swash plate oscillates moving the pump pistons (green) up & d
19、own. This is how the hydraulic power is generated to operate the tool. 旋转挡板（黄色转盘和红色轴承），一半固定，一半与旋转轴承连接，当马达的转动通过传动轴总成和V-Pilot的旋转挡板时，带动泵活塞上下运动(绿色)，这就是水力泵如何驱动V-Pilot.,Hydraulic Pump 水力泵,When the tool comes off vertical the activation leavers (above the pump) come in contact with the lower end of the pen
20、dulum and open a valve. The HP reservoir is directed to the pads at the bottom of the V-Pilot (looks similar to an AGS 4 pistons /pad) and force is applied to the well bore to push the tool back to vertical. 当产生井斜时，激活片（水力泵之上）推击打钟摆的低边并且开启其中的一个阀门，水力直接作用于V-Pilot的垫片，井壁的反作用力推动钻具回到垂直状态。,Hydraulic Pump 水力泵
21、,Tool is meant to operate in sliding mode but will correct up to 5 RPM. 工具采用滑动模式进行作业，5rpm校正 5 25 RPM pads will remain retracted and will drill or ream like a straight motor. 5-25rpm时，垫片处于收位状态，如同一条直马达 Above 25 30 RPM centrifugal forces will pull the pendulum to one side inside the housing. One or two
22、 activation leavers will then be activated by the pendulum being off center and the hydraulics will extend one or two sets of pad pistons. 25-30rpm，钻具离心力将产生偏向一边的大钟摆力，V-Pilot的一个或两个垫片在大钟摆力的作用下偏离中心，液压将推动另外的一或两个活塞,V-Pilot 9600 String Rotation 钻具的旋转,Above 75 RPM was specifically for the Gen II, single pa
23、ds and a lot of mass, they would extend at these speeds without hydraulic assistance on centrifugal force alone. The Gen III has less effect for the pistons to extend on centrifugal force only as the mass of the individual pistons are much lower. V-Pilot 第二代的转速可高于75rpm，大质量单个垫片可以高速离心延伸，无需水力协助。 V-Pilo
24、t 第三代的活塞质量更小，其高速离心力较小。 The tool only functions in sliding mode If you rotary drill the tool becomes an 11” motorized drill collar. It will drill but will not auto correct for inclination. one or two pads will extend. V-Pilot 只在滑动模式下产生作用，如果旋转V-Pilot就成为一个11”的电子钻铤，可以继续钻进但不能自动校正井斜。旋转时一到两个垫片会延伸出来。,V-Pilo
25、t 9600 String Rotation 钻具的旋转,What does it do? 如何工作？,Initiates vertical correction at 0.2 degrees inclination 当井斜大于0.2时自动校直 Bit driven by GeoForce constant wall thickness motor or Performance motor 钻头由GeoForce 马达或高性能马达驱动 Designed for limited rotation 钻具旋转受限 No particular bit pressure drop required 钻头
26、压浆不受限制 Check shots if required by anything from Totco to LWD 可使用任何测斜仪器进行检验测量Hole sizes 12 ” to approximately 22” and changeable on the rig 井眼尺寸可现场调试，其范围为：12-1/4”到22”,U-joint assembly U型总成,Valve assembly 阀门总成,Pad assembly 垫片总成,Pendulum Assembly 大钟摆总成,Valve Not Activated 阀门没有激活,Valve Activated 阀门激活,U-joint,Pendulum,Valves,Pads,U-joint,Pendulum,Valves,Pads,
