1、托福核心词汇 Vocabulary 8000,30、cad, cas, cid: 降落etymology: Latin: cadere= to fall,cascade: n. 2)、像瀑布般下落. cas (fall) + cad (fall) + e = 两个fall = 大量掉落的东西 cadence: n. 节律, 节拍, 节奏 (节奏总是有升有降的) -ence n. suf. = quality,casual: adj. 偶然的, 碰巧的, 意外的 -al adj. suf. = relate to 碰巧 (掉落在你面前的) casualty: n. (casualties) 伤亡
2、人数, 死者, 伤者, 不幸事故 -ty n. suf. = quality, condition (东西掉下来造成) 伤亡人数,decadence: n. 堕落, 颓废, 衰落, 自我放纵 de- prf. = down, away -ence n.suf. = quality, condition decadent: adj. 堕落的, 颓废的, 衰落的, 自我放纵的 -ent adj. suf. = a state e.g. different,accident: n. 意外遭遇, 不测事件, 事故 ac- prf. = intensify (用在c, k, q前) e.g. accep
3、t, acknowledge ac (intensify) + cid (fall) + ent (state) (严重的) 事故 (从天而降) - (祸从天降) accidental: adj. 意外的, 偶然的 (-al adj. suf.),coincide: v. 位置重合, 同时发生, 相一致 co- prf. = con- prf. = com- prf. = together with in- prf. = into co (together with) + in (into) + cide (fall) (一起掉进来于是就) 位置重合, 同时发生,coincidence: n.
4、 位置重合, 同时发生, 相一致 co + in + cid(e) + ence n. suf. coincident: adj. 同时发生的, 时间相同的, 位置重合的 co + in + cid(e) + ent adj. suf.,incident: n. 2)、容易发生的, 伴随而来的, 难免的. (事从天降, 落到屋里) occident: n. (the Occident) 西方 (反义词: orient 太阳升起的地方) oc- prf. = ob- prf. = intensify 太阳落山的地方,deciduous: adj. 每年落叶的, 非永久的, 暂时的 de- prf
5、. = down, away de (down) + cidu (fall) + ous (full of) decay: v. & n. 腐烂, 腐败, 衰败 de (down) + cay ( = cad = fall ) (品质越来越下降就是)腐烂,31、calc: 石灰 etymology: Latin: calc, calx= lime,calcic: adj. 钙的, 含钙的 calc (lime) + ic (adj. suf.) calcify: v. 使成石灰, 石灰化 calc + ify v. suf.,calcium: n. (金属元素)钙 calc (lime) +
6、ium (n. suf.) -ium = metallic element e.g. aluminium; magnesium,calculate: v. 计算, 评估, 评价 ( 古时候的人用小石子來计数) calculable: adj. 可以计算的 calcul + able (be able to),calculation: n. 计算 calculat(e) + ion (n. suf.) calculator: n. 计算者, 计算器, 计算机 calculat(e) + or (n. suf.) calculus: n. 微积分,32、cand: 白, 发光, 明亮 etymol
7、ogy: Latin: candius= white= bright,candid: adj. 坦白的, 公正的, 直率的 -id adj. suf. e.g. fluid, rapid candor: n. 坦白, 诚恳, 公正 -or n. suf. e.g. clamour,candidate: n. 候选人, 候补者, 求职者 = Latin: candidatus = clothed in white (古代罗马求职者身穿白色宽外袍) candela: n. 坎德拉 (发光强度单位) Latin = candle (一根蜡烛的亮度),candle: n. 蜡烛 (可以燃烧的小东西)
8、-le n. suf. = little thing e.g. model, vessel incandescent: adj. 炽热的, 白热的, 白炽的 in- prf. = in, into; -ent adj. suf = state (进入到燃烧状态的就是) 炽热的,33、cap, capt, cept, ceive, cip, cup: 拿, 获取, 抓住etymology: Latin: capere= to hold,= to take,= to catch,= to seize,capacity: n. 容量, 容积, 智能, 接受力 capac + ity (quality
9、, condition, degree) capacious: adj. 容量大的, 宽敞的, 包括内容多的 capac + ious (full of),captive: n. 2)、俘虏, 捕获, 夺得. -ure n. & v. suf. = action, result,conceive: v. 构想出, 想出, 设想, 怀有(情感) con- prf. = com- prf. = together with e.g. concentrate (大家一同拿主意于是就)构想出,deceive: v. 欺骗, 诓骗, 蒙蔽, 行骗 de- prf. = away from (想方设法拿走别
10、人的东西就是)欺骗 perceive: v. 感知, 感觉, 觉察, 认识到, 意识到, 理解 per- prf. = totally, completely (要想) 感知, 理解 (就得全部掌握),receive: v. 收到, 接到, 得到, 接受, 采纳 re- prf. = backwards e.g. recall, revert re (backwards) + ceive (take) 收到 (就要拿回来),participate: v. 参与; 参加; 分担, 分享 parti- prf. = part e.g. partial, partner parti (part) +
11、 cip (take) + ate (v. suf.) participant: n. 参加者, 参与者 -ant n. suf. = operator,principal: adj. 2)、首领, 长官, 校长. prin- prf. = prim- prf. = first e.g. primeval, prime prin (first) + cip (take) + al (adj. suf.) (第一个拿的人当然是)最重要的,principle: n. 原则, 主义, 原理, 基本原理, 信念 prin- prf. = prim- prf. = first -le n. suf. =
12、 little things e.g. kettle prin (first) + cip (hold) + le (little things) (最初被人们坚持的小事后来都变成了)原则,recipe: n. 食谱, 烹饪法, 调制法, 窍门, 诀窍 Latin: recipere = take it ! (帮助你把各种美食拿下的就是) 食谱 recipient: n. 2)、接受的, 收受的, 容纳的, 愿意接受的. (receive的对象),occupy: v. 占有, 占领, 侵占, 使从事, 使忙碌 oc- prf. (在字母c之前) = ob- prf. = towards (朝着
13、某个目标去拿就是想) 占有 e.g. object occupant: n. 占有人, 所有人, 占用者, 居住者 -ant n. suf. = operator,occupation: n. 职业, 工作, 行业, 占领, 占据, 占有 -tion n. suf. = -ion n. suf. = action 职业或者工作(占据了你绝大部分的时间) preoccupation: n. 抢先占据, 抢先占有, 先入之见, 成见 pre- prf. = before (事先进入头脑的就是) 成见,34、card, cord: 心, 鲜红etymology: Latin: cor= the he
14、artGreek: kardia= heart,cardiac: adj. 心脏的, 心脏病的 -iac n. suf. = sth. related to e.g. demoniac, zodiac electrocardiogram: n. 心电图 electro + cardio + gram,tachycardia: n. 心动过速, 心搏过速 tachy- prf. = rapid, swift e.g. tachymeter cardinal: n. 2)、重要的, 基本的, 鲜红的. (心脏是)重要的, (也是)鲜红色的,cordial: n. 2)、热情友好的, 真诚的, 令人
15、兴奋的. -ial adj. suf. = relate to (用心的招待别人就是) 热情友好的, 真诚的 cordiality: n. 热情友好, 真挚 -ity n. suf. = quality, condition,record: n. & v. 1)、记录, 记载, 前科, 最高纪录 2)、记录, 登记, 录音, 录像 (一次又一次用心就可以把一件事)记录(下来),concord: n. 2)、使和睦, 使协调, 使一致. con- prf. = com- prf. = together with (大家一起用心就会) 和谐, 和睦,discord: n. 不一致, 不协调, 不和
16、, 争论, 冲突 dis- prf. = negative, not (做事不用心就会) 不一致, 不协调 discordance: n. 不一致, 不协调, 不和, 冲突, 不和谐 -ance n. suf. = quality, state,accord: n. ac- prf. = ad- prf. = intensify (加强心脏的作用使它和身体更) 一致, 和谐 accordance: n. 一致, 和谐, 符合, 授予, 给予 -ance n. suf. = quality, state,35、cast: 投掷etymology:Medieval English:cast= th
17、row,cast: v. 3) 广播的, 普遍的. broad (wide) + cast (throw),forecast: v. & n. 预测, 预报 fore (before) + cast (throw) e.g. forehead telecast: v. & n. 电视播送 tele (far) + cast (throw),36、carn: 鲜活, 肉体etymology:Latin: caro= flesh,carnal: adj. 肉体的, 肉欲的 -al adj. suf. = relate to carnage: n. 大屠杀, 大规模屠宰 carn (flesh) +
18、 age (time) (吃肉的时节就要)大规模屠宰,carnation: n. 2)、肉红色的, 粉红色的. (最初的康乃馨品种的花都是肉红色的) carnival: n. 狂欢节, 狂欢, 欢宴 (每天吃肉的日子就是) 狂欢节,carnivore: n. 食肉动物, 食虫植物 -vore n. suf. = -phagous adj. suf. = feeding on e.g. herbivore, saprovore carnivorous: adj. 食肉的, 食肉动物的 -ous adj. suf. = full of,carrion: n. 2)、腐烂的, 腐败的, 食腐肉的.
19、carcass: n. (鸟, 兽的) 尸体, 空壳 = dead body = body = corpse,incarnate: v. & adj. 1)、赋予形体, 使成化身, 使具象化 2)、人体化的, 化身的, 拟人的. in (into) + carn (flesh) + ate (bring into the condition of) incarnation: n. 典型, 化身 -ion n. suf. = action, result,reincarnate: v. 赋予新形体, 使转世化身,重新体现 re- prf. = again re (again) + in (in)
20、 + carn (flesh) + ate (v.),37、cav: 中空的etymology:Latin: cavus= hollow,cave: n. & v. 1) 洞穴 2) 使凹陷 cavern: n. 巨穴, 大洞 cavernous: adj. 如洞穴状的, 多洞穴的, 凹陷的 cavern + ous (adj. suf.),cavity: n. 洞, 穴, 凹处 cav + ity (n. suf.) concave: adj. 凹的, 凹面的 con (together) + cave (hollow) antonym: convex,excavate: v. 挖空, 挖掘
21、, 挖出 ex (out) + cav (hollow) + ate (v. suf.) excavation: n. 挖掘, 发掘 excavat(e) + ion (n. suf.) excavator: n. 挖掘者, 挖土机 excavat(e) + or (n. suf.),38、ced, ceca, cess: 走, 让步etymology:Latin: cedere= to go= yieldp.p.= cessus,cede: v. 割让, 交出, 转让 (让步的结果就是) 割让 accede: v. 答应, 同意, 就任, 参加 ac- prf. = ad- prf. = i
22、ntensify e.g. accept (强化让步的结果就要使对方) 答应,antecede: v. 在之前, 居之前, 先行, 居前 ante- prf. = before, preceding e.g. antechamber antecedent: n. 2)、先时的, 先前的, 先行的. -ent n. suf. = of a state,ancestor: n. 祖宗, 祖先, 原型, 先驱 an (one) + cest (go) + or (person) (一个已经走了的人就是)祖先 ancestry: n. 世系, 血统, 出身, 列祖列宗 -ry (-ery) n. su
23、f. = a class or kind e.g. machinery, greenery,concede: v. 不情愿的承认, 让步, 承认失败 con- prf. = com- prf. = together (大家一起让步于是就)不情愿的承认 concession: n. 让步, 承认失败, 认可 -ion n. suf. = action,intercede: v. 调停, 斡旋, 代为请求 inter- prf. = between, among e.g. interact, international (在双方之间走来走去进行) 调停,precede: v. 处在.之前, 先于
24、pre- prf. = before (在之前就走过来了, 于是) 处在之前 precedent: n. 2)、在前的, 在先的, 前面的 -ent n. suf. = state,unprecedented: adj. 无前例的, 空前的, 前所未闻的 un- prf. = negative, not pre- prf. = before -ced- rt. = to go, yield -ent n. suf. = state -ed adj. suf. = already,recede: v. 后退, 远去, 交还, 归还 re- prf. = backwards e.g. recall
25、, revert retrocede: v. 后退, 退回, 退却, 消退, 归还, 退换 retro- prf. = backwards e.g. retrograde, retroactive,exceed: v. 超出, 越出, 胜过, 凌驾, 占优势 ex- prf. = out of (走出去了) excess: n. 超出, 越出, 胜过, 凌驾, 优势 excessive: adj. 过多的, 过分的, 极度的 -ive adj. suf. = relate to,access: n. & v. 接近, 进入, 通道, 入口 ac- prf. = ad- prf. = near
26、e.g. adjacent (jacent = be located) accessible: adj. 可接近的, 可使用的, 容易相处的 inaccessible: adj. 达不到的, 不可接近的, 难相处的,succeed: v. 1)、成功, 获得成效, 达到目的; 2)、接着发生, 接续, 接连; 3)、继任, 继承. suc- prf. = sub- prf. = lower level or position = suf-, sug-, sup-,sur-, sus- e.g. suffer, suppress, sustain,suffer = suf + fer (to c
27、arry) (differ) suppress = sup + press (向下压 = 镇压, 抑制) sustain = sus + tain (hold) = 在下面抓住 = 支撑, 维系,success: n. 成功, 胜利 successful: adj. 成功的, 胜利的 succession: n. 连续, 接续, 接连发生, 继承, 接替 successive: adj. 连续的, 接续的, 继承的, 接替的,recess: n. & v. 暂停, 休息, 课间休息 re- prf. = backwards re (backwards) + cess (to go) (走回来)
28、 休息 recession: n. 后退, 退回, 撤回, 衰退 -ion n. suf. = action, result,39、celer: 加快, 加速etymology:Latin: celer= swift,celerity: n. 迅速, 快速 -ity n. suf = quality, condition e.g. authority, acidity celer + ity (quality, condition),accelerate: v. 使加快, 使增速, 促进 ac- prf. = intensify -ate v. suf. = bring into the co
29、ndition of accelerator: adj. 加速器, (汽车的)油门 -or n. = operator,decelerate: v. 使减速, 降低速度 de- prf. = down, away e.g. degrade, decline de + celer + ate deceleration: n. 减速, 降低速度 -tion n. = action, result,40、cent: 百etymology:Latin: centum= hundred,century: n. 百年, 一世纪 cent (hundred) + ury (n. suf.) centenar
30、y: n. 百年, 百年纪念 cent (hundred) + en (year) + ary (n. suf.) centenarian: adj. 百年的, 百岁的,centigrade: n. 摄氏度 (冰和沸水之间温度划分为一百等分) centimeter: n. 分米 (百分之一米) centipede: adj. 蜈蚣 (百足虫),41、center, centr: 中心etymology:Latin: centrum= center,centrifugal: adj. 离心的, 离心力的 centri + fugal (flee) centrifuge: n. 离心机 centr
31、ipetal: adj. 向心的, 向心力的 centri + petal (seek),concentrate: v. 集中, 聚集, 集结, 浓缩, 精选, 专心 con- prf. = com- = together -ate = bring into the condition of (一起向中央)集中, (就得到) 浓缩的精华 concentration: n. 集中, 聚集, 集结, 浓缩, 精选, 专心 -ion n. suf. = action, result,concentric: adj. 同中心的, 同轴的 = concentrical: adj. con- prf. =
32、 together with -ic adj. suf. = relate to con (together with) + centr (center) + ic = co-axial,eccentric: adj. 古怪的, 偏心的, 不同圆心的 ec- prf. = ex- prf. = out of e.g. expose, exclude eccentricity: n. 古怪, 怪癖, 偏心率, 偏心度 -ity n. suf. = quality, condition,42、cid, cis: 切, 杀 etymology:Latin: caedere= to cut,homic
33、ide: n. 杀人, 凶杀, 蓄意杀人 (杀害同类) homi- prf. = homo- prf. = same kind e.g. homosexual suicide: n. 自杀, 自杀行为 -sui- rt. = oneself e.g. suimate,insecticide: n. 杀虫剂, 杀虫药 insect (昆虫) + i + cide (kill) pesticide: n. 杀虫剂, 农药 pest (害虫) + i + cide (kill),excise: v. (切完以后再拿出去就是) 切除 2)、消费税, 征消费税. (从利润当中切除一部分交)消费税. ex
34、- prf. = out of excision: n. 切除, 被切除物 (-ion n. suf.),incise: v. 切入, 切开, 雕刻 (in- prf. = into) incisive: adj. 1)、切入的, 锋利的; 2)、讽刺的, 迅速的. -ive adj. = having the nature of incisor: n. 切牙, 门齿 (-or n. suf.),precise: adj. 精确的, 精密的, 准确的, 确切的 pre- prf. = before (精细的厨师都会事前把菜切好) precision: n. 精确性, 精密度, 准确性, 确切性
35、 -ion n. suf. = action, result,43、chron: 时间etymology:Greek: khronos= time,chronic: adj. (疾病)慢性的, 长期的 antonym: acute chronicle: n. 2)、把.载入历史.,chronology: n. 年代学, 年表 -ology n. suf. chronological: adj. 年代学的 -ological adj. suf.,synchronize: vt. word e.g. pseudonym (fake name) pseudopod (fake foot),synch
36、ronous: adj. 同时发生的, 同时存在的 -ous adj. suf. = having the nature of e.g. dangerous; mountainous,chronometer: n. 时计, 精确记时计 -meter n. suf. = the instrument to measure e.g. altimeter; barometer; thermometer,44、circ, cycl: 圆, 环状, 循环etymology:Latin: circus= circle= ring,circlet: n. 小圈, 环形饰物 -let n. suf. = li
37、ttle things e.g. booklet, starlet, streamlet circular: adj. 圆形的, 环形的, 循环的 -ar adj. suf. = relate to e.g. lunar, solar, molecular,circulate: v. 环形, 环流, 循环, 流通 -ate: v. suf. = bring into the condition of circulation: n. 环行, 流通, 循环, 流通 -tion n. suf. = action, result,circuit: n. 巡回, 巡游, 巡回旅行 -it- rt. =
38、to go e.g. initiate (in+iti+ate); transit (trans+it) circuitous: adj. 迂回的, 绕行的, 曲折的, 间接的 -ous adj. = full of,circus: n. 马戏团, 马戏场, 圆形竞技场 (马戏场一般都是圆形的) encircle: v. 环绕, 包围, 绕行 en- (em-) prf. = bring into the condition of,cycle: n. 循环, 周而复始, 周期 (注意与circle的区别) cyclone: n. 气旋, 暴风, 龙卷风 hurricane, typhoon,
39、tornado, tsunami, tropical storm, windstorm, whirlwind,bicycle: n. 自行车, 脚踏车 bi- prf. = two, double e.g. biannual, biped, bilingual cyclopedia: n. 百科全书 (知识的圈子) = cyclopaedia,encyclopedia: n. 百科全书, 专科全书, 大全 en- prf. = bring into the condition of recycle: v. 使再循环, 回收再利用, 再循环 re- prf. = again re (again)
40、 + cycle (cycling) 再次进入循环,45、claim, clam: 叫, 喊etymology:Latin: clamare= to cry out,claim: n. 2)、对提出要求, 认领, 索取, 声称. 同义词: assert, declare, state, request,acclaim: v. 向欢呼, 为喝彩, 称赞 ac- prf. = intensify e.g. accelerate, accept acclamation: n. 欢呼, 喝彩, 拥护, 赞成 -tion n. suf. = action, result,declaim: v. 慷慨陈词
41、, 激辩, 演说, 朗诵 de- prf. = completely, totally e.g. denude , derelict declamation: n. 激辩, 慷慨激昂的演说 -tion n. suf. = action, result,exclaim: v. 大声地说出, 呼喊, 惊叫; ex- prf. = out of ex (out of) + claim (to cry out) exclamation: n. 呼喊, 叫喊, 惊叫 -tion n. = action, result,proclaim: v. 宣告, 宣布, 公布, 声明 pro prf. = befo
42、re, forward (在别人知道以前把事情喊出来就是) 宣告 proclamation: n. 宣告, 宣布, 公布, 声明 -tion n. = action, result,reclaim: v. 1)、重申权利, 要求收回(恢复); 2)、使改过, 教化, 使改造; 3)、开垦, 开拓 (把不适宜耕种的土地改造). re- prf. = again (再一次叫喊来)重申权利, (宣布已经)改过 reclamation: n. 改造, 感化, 开垦, 开拓 (-tion),clamor: n. 2)、吵闹, 喧嚷, 叫喊. -or n. suf. clamorous: adj. 吵闹的
43、, 喧嚷的, 叫嚣的 -ous adj. = full of = full of clamor,46、clin, cliv: 倾斜, 坡度etymology:Latin: clinare= to bend= to lean,decline: v. 拒绝, 婉谢, 谢绝, 使倾斜 de- prf. = removal, away e.g. deaerate, decentralization (向离开的方向倾斜就是) 拒绝 declination: n. 拒绝, 婉谢, 谢绝, 倾斜 tion- n. prf. = action, result,incline: v. 倾斜, 曲身, 赞同, 喜
44、爱, 倾向于 in- prf. = in, into (向里面倾斜就是) 喜爱 inclined: adj. 倾向于的, 有意向的, 赞成的 (-ed) inclination: n. 倾向, 意向, 爱好, 癖好, 趋势 (-tion),recline: v. 倚靠, 躺, 依靠, 依赖, 使躺下 re- prf. = backwards (向后倾斜就是) 倚靠,acclivity: n. 上行坡 ac- prf. = a- prf. = upwards e.g. ascend (反义词: descend) declivity: n. 下斜坡 de- prf. = lower level o
45、r position,proclivity: n. 癖性, 倾向 pro- prf. = forward (不停进行的就是) 癖性, 倾向,47、creed, cred: 相信, 信任etymology:Latin: credere= to believe,creed: n. 信条, (宗教)教条 (doctrine) credential: n. 证明信, 证书, 证件, 文凭 -al n. suf. = process, state e.g. arrival, survival,credence: n. 相信, 可靠, 确实, 凭证, 证书 -ence n. suf. = action,
46、result e.g. reference, dependence credible: adj. 可信的, 可靠的, 确实有效的 -ible adj. suf. = be able to cred + ible,credit: n. 1) 信任, 可信性, 信誉; 2) 学分 creditable: adj. 值得赞扬的, 可信任的, 可给与贷款的 credit + able (be able to),accredit: v. 信托, 委托, 确认, 相信 ac- prf. = ad- prf. = intensify e.g. accept, acknowledge discredit: v
47、. 败坏的名声, 诽谤, 证实为假 dis- prf. = not, without (使某人不可信就是) 败坏的名声,credulous: adj. 轻信的, 易受骗的, 因轻信而引起的 -ous adj. suf. = full of (对任何人都充满信任就是) 轻信的 incredulous: adj. 不相信的, 不轻信的, 怀疑的 (in-) incredulity: n. 不相信, 不轻信, 怀疑态度(-ity),48、clud: 关etymology:Latin: claudere= to shut= to close,conclude: v. 结束, 作结论 con (together) + clude (close) con- = com- = col- conclusion: n. 结尾, 结论, 决定 conclu(de) + sion (n. suf.) conclusive: adj. 决定的 conclu(de) + ive (adj. suf.),exclude: v. 拒绝, 排除, 除外, 赶出 ex (out) + clude (shut, close) exclusion: n. 排斥, 排除, 除外 ex (out) + clu (de) (shut, close) + sion,
