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类型2003年专四真题.doc

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    1、PART IV CLOZE (15 MIN)Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.During McDonalds early years French fries were made from scratch every day. Russet Burbank potatoes were , c

    2、ut into shoestrings, and fried in its kitchens. 大 26家the chain expanded nationwide, in the mid-1960s, it sought to cut labour 大 27家costs, reduce the number of suppliers, and that its fries tasted the same at 大 28家every restaurant. McDonalds began to frozen French fries in 1966 and few 大 29家customers

    3、 noticed the difference. , the change had a profound effect on the 大 30家nations agriculture and diet. A familiar food had been transformed into a highly processed industrial . McDonalds fries now come from huge manufacturing 大 31家plants can process two million pounds of potatoes a day. The expansion

    4、 大 32家McDonalds and the popularity of its low-cost, mass-produced fries changed 大 33家the way Americans eat.The taste of McDonalds French fries played a crucial role in the chains success fries are much more profitable than hamburgers and was praised by 大 34家customers, competitors, and even food crit

    5、ics. Their taste does not stem 大 35家from the kind of potatoes that McDonalds , the technology that processes 大 36家them, or the restaurant equipment that fries them: other chains use Russet Burbank, buy their French fries from the large processing companies, and have similar 大 37家in their restaurant

    6、kitchens. The taste of a French fry is determined 大 38家 大 39家by the cooking oil. For decades McDonalds cooked its French fries in a mixture of about 7 per cent cottonseed oil and 93 per cent beef fat. The mixture gave the fries their unique .大 40家26. A. scaledB. strippedC. peeledD. sliced27. A. AsB.

    7、 Due to.C. Owing to.D. With.28. A. ensueB. ensureC. enrichD. enable29. A. switchingB. divertingC. modifyingD. altering30. A. StillB. Anyway.C. Besides.D. Nevertheless.31. A. brandB. stuffC. commodityD. produce32. A. thisB. thatC. /D. what33. A. intoB. fromC. inD. of34. A. longB. onlyC. firstD. lonel

    8、y35. A. distinctiveB. distinctC. distinguishedD. distinguishable36. A. possessesB. buysC. acquiresD. grows37. A. exactB. identicalC. sameD. alike38. A. woksB. potsC. boilersD. fryers39. A. adequatelyB. massivelyC. plentifullyD. largely40. A. flavourB. fragranceC. smellD. perfumePART V GRAMMAR the ea

    9、ting of meals that included meat, bread, and vegetables served on separate plates; and the use of private toilets. They began to build their houses with separate rooms to entertain guests-living rooms, separate bedrooms for sleeping, separate work areas-kitchen, laundry room, and separate bathrooms.

    10、In Mexico, the meaning and organization of domestic space is strikingly different. Houses are organized around a patio, or courtyard. Rooms open onto the patio, where all kinds of domestic activities take place. Individuals to not have separate bedrooms. Children often sleep with parents, and brothe

    11、rs or sisters share a bed, emphasizing familial interdependence. Rooms in Mexican houses are locations for multiple activities that, in contrast, are rigidly separated in the United States.66. Changes in living styles among early immigrants were initially brought about by _.A. rising living standard

    12、?B. new concept?C. new custom?D. new designs of houses?67. Which of the following is NOT discussed in the passage?A. Their concepts of domestic space.B. Their social relationships.C. The functions of their rooms.D. The layout of their houses.?TEXT BThere are superstitions attached to numbers; even t

    13、hose ancient Greeks believed that all numbers and their multiples had some mystical significance.Those numbers between 1 and 13 were in particular to have a powerful influence over the affairs of men.For example, it is commonly said that luck, good or bad, comes in threes; if an accident happens, tw

    14、o more of the same kind may be expected soon afterwards. The arrival of a letter will be followed by two others within a certain period.Another belief involving the number three has it that it is unlucky to light three cigarettes from the one match. If this happens, the bad luck that goes with the d

    15、eed falls upon the person whose cigarette was the last to be lit. The ill-omen linked to the lighting of three things from one match or candle goes back to at least the 17th century and probably earlier. It was believed that three candles alight at the same time would be sure to bring bad luck; one,

    16、 two, or four, were permissible, but never just three.Seven was another significant number, usually regarded as a bringer of good luck. The ancient astrologers believed that the universe was governed by seven planets; students of Shakespeare will recall that the life of man was divided into seven ag

    17、es. Seven horseshoes nailed to a house will protect it from all evil.Nine is usually thought of as a lucky number because it is the product of three times three. It was much used by the Anglo Saxons in their charms for healing.Another belief was that great changes occurred every 7th and 9th of a man

    18、s life. Consequently, the age of 63 (the product of nine and seven) was thought to be a very perilous time for him. If he survived his 63rd year he might hope to live to a ripe old age.Thirteen, as we well know, is regarded with great awe and fear. The common belief is that this derives from the fac

    19、t that there were 13 people at Christs Last Supper. This being the eve of his betrayal, it is not difficult to understand the significance given to the number by the early Christians.In more modern times 13 is an especially unlucky number of a dinner party, for example. Hotels will avoid numbering a

    20、 floor the 13th; the progression is from 12 to 14, and no room is given the number 13. Many home owners will use 12 1/2 instead of 13 as their house number.Yet oddly enough, to be born on the 13th of the month is not regarded with any fear at all, which just shows how irrational we are in our supers

    21、titious beliefs.68. According to the passage, which of the following groups of numbers will certainly bring good luck to people?A. 3 and 7B. 3 and 9C. 7 and 9D. 3 and 1369. The ill luck associated with 13 is supposed to have its origin in _.A. legendB. religionC. popular beliefD. certain customs70.

    22、What is the authors attitude towards peoples superstitious beliefs?A. He is mildly critical.B. He is strongly critical.C. He is in favour of them.D. His attitude is not clear.TEXT CWomens minds work differently from mens. At least, that is what most men are convinced of. Psychologists view the subje

    23、ct either as a matter or frustration or a joke. Now the biologists have moved into this minefield, and some of them have found that there are real differences between the brains of men and women. But being different, they point out hurriedly, is not the same as being better or worse.There is, howeve

    24、r, a definite structural variation between the male and female brain. The difference is in a part of the brain that is used in the most complex intellectual processes-the link between the two halves of the brain.The two halves are linked by a trunkline of between 200 and 300 million nerves, the corp

    25、us callosum. Scientists have found quite recently that the corpus callosum in women is always larger and probably richer in nerve fibres than it is in men. This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of women and men and it must have some significance. The q

    26、uestion is “What?“, and, if this difference exists, are there others? Research shows that present-day women think differently and behave differently from men. Are some of these differences biological and inborn, a result of evolution? We tend to think that is the influence of society that produces t

    27、hese differences. But could we be wrong?Research showed that these two halves of the brain had different functions, and that the corpus callosum enabled them to work together. For most people, the left half is used for word handing, analytical and logical activities; the right half works on pictures

    28、, patterns and forms. We need both halves working together. And the better the connections, the more harmoniously the two halves work. And, according to research findings, women have the better connections.But it isnt all that easy to explain the actual differences between skills of men and women on

    29、 this basis. In schools throughout the world girls tend to be better than boys at “language subjects“ and boys better at maths and physics. If WTHZthese differences correspond with the differences in the hemispheric trunkline, here is an unalterable distinction between the sexes.We shant know for a

    30、while, partly because we dont know of any precise relationship between abilities in school subject and the functioning of the two halves of the brain, and we cannot understand how the two halves interact via the corpus callosum. But this striking difference must have some effect and, because the dif

    31、ference is in the parts of the brain involved in intellect, we should be looking for differences in intellectual processing.71. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. Biologists are conducting research where psychologists have given up.B. Brain differences point to superiority of one sex ov

    32、er the other.C. Results of scientific research fail to support popular belief.D. The structural difference in the brain between the sexes has long been known.72. According to the passage it is commonly believed that brain differences are caused by _ factors.A. biologicalB. psychologicalC. physicalD.

    33、 social73. “these differences“ n paragraph 5 refer to those in _.A. skills of men and womenB. school subjectC. the brain structure of men and womenD. activities carried out by the brain74. At the end of the passage the author proposes more work on _.A. the brain structure as a wholeB. the functionin

    34、g of part of the brainC. the distinction between the sexesD. the effects of the corpus callosum75. What is the main purpose of the passage _.A. To outline the research findings on the brain structure.B. To explain the link between sex and brain structure.C. To discuss the various factors that cause

    35、brain differences.D. To suggest new areas in brain research.TEXT DInformation is the primary commodity in more and more industries today.By 2005, 83% of American management personnel will be knowledge workers. Europe and Japan are not far behind.By 2005, half of all knowledge workers (22% of the lab

    36、our force) will choose “flextime, flexplace“ arrangements, which allow them to work at home, communicating with the office via computer networks.In the United States, the so-called “digital divide“ seems to be disappearing. In early 2000, a poll found, that, where half of white households owned comp

    37、uters, so did fully 43% of African-American households, and their numbers were growing rapidly. Hispanic households continued to lag behind, but their rate of computer ownership was expanding as well.Company-owned and industry-wide television networks are bringing programming to thousands of locatio

    38、ns. Business TV is becoming big business.Computer competence will approach 100% in US urban areas by the year 2005, with Europe and Japan not far behind.80% of US homes will have computers in 2005, compared with roughly 50% now. In the United States, 5 of the 10 fastest-growing careers between now a

    39、nd 2005 will be computer related. Demand for programmers and systems analysts will grow by 70%. The same trend is accelerating in Europe, Japan, and India.By 2005, nearly all college texts and many high school and junior high books will be tied to Internet sites that provide source material, study e

    40、xercises, and relevant news articles to aid in learning. Others will come with CD-ROMs that offer similar resources.Internet links will provide access to the card catalogues of all the major libraries in the world by 2005. It will be possible to call up on a PC screen millions of volumes from distan

    41、t libraries. Web sites enhance books by providing pictures, sound, film clips, and flexible indexing and search utilities.Implications: Anyone with access to the Internet will be able to achieve the education needed to build a productive life in an increasingly high-tech world. Computer learning may

    42、 even reduce the growing American prison population.Knowledge workers are generally better paid than less-skilled workers. Their wealth is raising overall prosperity.Even entry-level workers and those in formerly unskilled positions require a growing level of education. For a good career in almost a

    43、ny field, computer competence is a must. This is one major trend raising the level of education required for a productive role in todays work force. For many workers, the opportunity for training is becoming one of the most desirable benefits any job can offer.76. Information technology is expected

    44、to have impact on all the following EXCEPT _.A. American management personnel.B. European management personnel.C. American peoples choice of career.D. traditional practice at work77. “digital divide“ in the 4th paragraph refers to _.A. the gap in terms of computer ownershipB. the tendency of compute

    45、r ownershipC. the dividing line based on digitD. the ethnic distinction among American households78. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT according to the passage?A. By 2005 all college and school study materials will turn electronic.B. By 2005 printed college and school study materials wi

    46、ll be supplemented with electronic material.C. By 2005 some college and school study materials will be accompanied by CD-ROMs.D. By 2005 Internet links make worldwide library search a possibility.79. Which of the following areas is NOT discussed in the passage?A. Future careers.B. Nature of future w

    47、ork.C. Ethnic differences.D. Schools and libraries.80. At the end of the passage, the author seems to emphasize _ in an increasingly high-tech world.A. the variety of educationB. the content of educationC. the need for educationD. the function of educationPART IV CLOZE短文大意:这篇短文介绍麦当劳薯条的发展及其成功之处。26答案:

    48、C【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。【详细解答】这句话是说“在厨房,土豆去皮切成条状煎炸。”scaled 意为“刮(鱼)鳞”;stripped 意为“脱衣;剥夺”;peeled 意为“除掉(水果等)皮”;sliced 意为“将某物切成薄片”。故选项 C 为正确答案。27答案:A【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查连词的用法。【详细解答】As 后面可接从句,选项 B、C、D 后面只能接名词词组。此处需要连词,故选项 A 为正确答案。28答案:B【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。【详细解答】ensure 意为“确保、保证”,后面可接从句;而 ensue 意为“因而发生,接着”;enrich 意为“使.富

    49、有”;enable 意为“使.能够”,选项 A,C,D 不能接从句,故选 B。29答案:A【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。【详细解答】这句话是说:麦当劳在 1966 年转向冷冻薯条的制作。switching to 意为“改变”;diverting from/to 意为“转移”;modifying 意为“修改”;altering 意为“改动(强调事物本身大小、好坏的变化)”。故本题 A 最恰当。30答案:D【试题分析】本题考查副词的用法【详细解答】 本句译为:然而,这个变化在国家的农业和饮食上产生了深远的影响。still 意为“仍然”;anyway 意为“无论如何”;besides 意为“除.之外”;nevertheless 意为“然而”。根据上下文,此处需要转折关系的副词,故选项 D 为正确答案。31. 答案:C【试题分析】本题考查名词的用法。【详细解答】 brand 意为“商标,商品的牌子”;stuff 意为“东西”;commodity 意为“商品,产品”,故选项 C 为正确答案。32. 答案:B【试题分析】本题考查关系代词的用法。【详细解答】这是考查定语从句的用法,“that”关系代词,

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