1、 Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning Air Heater JDK Series JDK-500 1/2008 JDK 型空气加热器 （热风炉 ） 使用说明书 Operation Manual of JDK Type Air Heater 常州市鼎龙环保设备有限公司 常州市鼎马干燥机械有限公司 Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Changzhou Dingma Drying Mach
2、inery Co., Ltd. 二 00 八年 Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning Air Heater JDK Series JDK-500 1/2008 敬告用户敬告用户敬告用户敬告用户 Notice circle6 抽板式链条炉排调风和清灰系统为 一体 。 Air regulation and dust cleaning system of drawer panel-type chain grate is a whole. circle6 操纵拉杆每 2 小时往
3、复拉动清灰后复位至需要的风门开度 ， 切记 ！ After reciprocating pull and dust cleaning every 2 hours, please reset the control operating rod, and ensure the proper opening of the throttle. DO REMEMBER! Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning Air Heater JDK Series JDK-500 1/2008
4、目目目目 录录录录 CONTENT 1. 概述 Summary 1 2. 结构性能简介 Brief Introduction of Structural Performance 2 3. 系统图及说明 System Drawing and Explanation 3 4. 点火及启动 Ignition and Starting 4 5. 烘炉 Heat furnace . 5 6. 正常运行 Normal Operation . 6 7. 链条炉排的运行操作和调节 Operation and Adjustment of Chain Grate 7 8. 设备保护 Protection of t
5、he Equipment 12 9. 系统清灰及清渣 Dust Cleaning and Slag Removal for the System 13 10. 停炉 Shutdown of the Stove 14 11. 维护和保养 Maintenance. 15 12. 附：沉降室热风炉的清灰 . 17 Appendix: dust cleaning of hot blast stove with settling chamber. 17 Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Bur
6、ning Air Heater JDK Series 1 JDK-500 1/2008 1.概述概述概述概述 Summary JDK 系列空气加热器 （也称热风炉 ）是一种以煤为燃料 ，以空气为介质的新型高效的换热设备 ， 能连续提供恒温 、恒压 、无尘的干净热空气 ，广泛应用于纺织漂染 、橡胶涂层的热定型 ；印铁涂料烘房 、金属表面除锈处理后的烘干及油漆烘干 ，造纸工业的烘干 ，粮食饲料 、谷物鱼粉 、烟叶茶叶 等的烘干 ；胶合板 、石膏板的成型干燥 ，木材干燥 ，化工物料 、动植物油脂的喷雾干燥以及工业厂房的采暖等等 。取代目前使用的以蒸汽 、油锅炉或电加热空气的方式 ，减少了热交换环节及
7、相应的热交换设备 ，具有系统热效率高 ，设备简化 ，操作方便 ，安全可靠 ，工程投资低等优点 。 JDK series air heater (also known as hot blast stove) is new and efficient heat exchange equipment, whose fuel is coal and medium is air. It is able to provide clean hot air continuously, with constant temperature, constant pressure and without dust.
8、This equipment is widely used in the heat setting of textile bleaching and dyeing, and rubber coating; iron printing dryer, drying of de-rusting metal surface and drying of paint, drying of paper industry, as well as foodstuff, forage, cereal, fish meal, tobacco leaves and tea, etc.; dehydration for
9、ming of veneer and plasterboards, drying of timber, spray drying of chemical materials, animal and vegetable oil, and the heating of industrial factories, and so on. This product replaces air heating forms such as steam, oil boiler or electricity, and thus reduces heat exchange process and correspon
10、ding heat exchange equipment. This product is equipped with lots of advantages, including high thermal efficiency, simpler equipment, convenient operation, safety and reliability, low engineering investment and so on. Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning A
11、ir Heater JDK Series 2 JDK-500 1/2008 2. 结构性能简介结构性能简介结构性能简介结构性能简介 Brief Introduction of Structural Performance JDK 系列热风炉由燃烧设备 （炉体 ）和换热器两大部件构成 ，燃料自煤斗进入炉排 ，通过前拱引燃 、人字型后拱反射 ，在喉口主燃后形成 “”火焰 ，烟气经过炉膛内折烟墙折射流向炉膛出口 。换热器由 多组热交换管束组成 ，烟气自炉膛出口进入换热器入口 ，横向冲刷换热器管组 ，进行高效热交换 ，自最后一组换热器出口经引风机抽往烟囱 ，排向大气 。 JDK series hot
12、blast stove consists of combustion equipment (furnace body) and heat exchanger. Fuel goes into the grate through coal scuttle, is ignited by face arch and reflected by herringbone rear arch. Combustion at the throat leads to “” blaze. After the refraction by smoke-turning wall in the hearth, flue ga
13、s flows to the exit of hearth. The heat exchanger is made up of many groups of heat-exchange tube bundles. Flue gas comes out of the exit of hearth, goes into the inlet of heat exchanger, transversely scours the tube bundles, and thus carries out efficient heat exchange. After that, flue gas is take
14、n out by induced draft fan from the exit of the last group of heat exchangers, and discharged into the air. 在尾部换热器管组入口 ，由主风机 （或加回风补充 ）供给的空气进入管组 ，纵向冲刷换热器管束 ，经转弯风室分别通向各组换热器管束 ，最后自所需额定温度的管组出口将热风供给用热系统 。 Air supply from main air blower (or supplemented by return air) enters the inlet of the tail tube bu
15、ndles, scours heat-exchange tube bundles lengthwise, and goes through the turning air chamber to all groups of heat-exchange tube bundles. At last, hot blast is supplied to heating using system, from the exit of tube bundles with rated temperature. Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment
16、Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning Air Heater JDK Series 3 JDK-500 1/2008 3. 系系系 系统图及说明 统图及说明统图及说明统图及说明 System Drawing and Explanation 图例图例图例图例 ： ： Legend 电控柜 Electrical control cabinet 点火门 Ignition door 链条炉排 Chain grate stoker 鼓风机 Air blower 鼓风机调节门 Governing valve of fan 热电阻 /温度指示仪 Thermal resistance/te
17、mperature indicator 加热器热风出口热电偶 /温度指示仪 Thermocouple/ temperature indicator at the hot-blast outlet of heater 热交换器进口烟气热电偶 /温度指示仪 Thermocouple/ temperature indicator at the hot-blast inlet of heat exchanger 热风出口 Hot-blast outlet 主风机调节门 Governing valve of main air blower 用回风时补充空气调节门 Governing valve of a
18、ir supplement by air return 引风机调节门 Governing valve of induced draft fan 引风机 Induced draft fan Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning Air Heater JDK Series 4 JDK-500 1/2008 冷风进口 Inlet of cold blast 清灰孔 Dust cleaning hole 热交换器 下部清灰 门 Soot door at the bottom of
19、 heat exchanger 热交换器 下部清灰门 Soot door at the bottom of heat exchanger 热交换器 Heat exchanger 主风机 Main air blower 4. 点火及启动点火及启动点火及启动点火及启动 Ignition and Starting 点火前的准备 Preparation before ignition 4.1 点火前检查 各部件是否完好无损 ？ Before ignition, check whether or not every part is complete and in good condition. 4.2
20、煤闸门升降是否灵活 ? Check whether or not the coal gate rises and falls flexibly. 4.3 链条炉排运转是否正常 ? Check whether or not the chain grate operates normally. 4.4 鼓、引风机风门开启是否灵活 ? Check whether or not the throttles of air blower and induced draft fan can be opened flexibly. 4.5 检查炉排变速箱 、上煤机 、出渣机 、炉排后滚筒处各润滑点是否注满了规
21、定的润滑油类 ？ Check whether or not lubricating points are filled with stated lubricants, including grate gear-box, coal loader, slag extractor and rollers behind the grate. 4.6 查看各风机冷却水是否通畅 ？ Check whether or not the cooling water of air blowers is smooth. 4.7 系统烟道 、风道是否严密 ?配有除尘系统的 ，除尘器卸灰门闸是否密封 ，开放灵活 ？ C
22、heck whether or not system flue and air duct is compact. In the case of dedusting system, check whether or not the ash discharging gate is airproof and flexible to open. Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning Air Heater JDK Series 5 JDK-500 1/2008 4.8 配有湿式除尘
23、系统的 ，循环水是否通畅 ？ As for wet dedusting system, check whether or not the circulating water is smooth. 4.9 检查电气设备是否正常 ，指示正确 ？ Check whether or not the electrical equipment is normal. Is the indication correct? 4.10 以上准备工作就绪后 ，开始点火启动 。 After above preparations are finished, ignite and start it. 5. 烘炉烘炉烘炉烘
24、炉 Heat furnace 5.1 启动主风机 ，并打开主风机调节门 1/4。 Start the main air blower, and open the governing valve of main air blower 1/4. 5.2 开启引风机进口调风门 。 Open the inlet throttle of induced draft fan. 5.3 打开煤斗下点火门 ，投入木柴 ，用油棉纱引燃 ，以微火缓慢加热炉膛 ，注意投放的木柴上不得有铁钉 、钢丝之类的硬物 ，以免卡住炉排 。 Open the ignition door under the coal scuttl
25、e, put in firewood; ignite it with oily cotton yarn, and heat the hearth slowly with mild fire. Make sure that there is no iron nail or steel wire on the firewood, in order not to jam the grates. 5.4 微火下 ，以自然通风方式为主加热五天 ，换热器入口温度不得超过 300。对于较大容量的热风炉 ，应适当延长微火加热的时间 ，以使炉墙保温系统缓慢干燥 。 Heat it with mild fire
26、and natural ventilation for 5 days; the temperature at the inlet of heat exchangers shall not exceed 300 . As for hot blast stoves with relatively large capacity, please extend the heating period with mild fire, so that the insulation system of furnace wall dries slowly. 5.5 微火加热期结束后启动上煤机 ，煤斗开始上煤 。此
27、时 ，关闭煤斗下点火门 ，将煤斗上煤闸门高度调节至 80mm 左右 （较大容量热风炉可至 100mm 左右 ）。 启动炉排约行走 10001500mm，再投入木柴 ，使之集中于前拱部位燃烧 ，待前拱预热呈暗红色，启动炉排 ，开启鼓 、引风机风量及炉排档位速度 ，使炉膛出口至换热器入口温度控制在 500， 并调整主风机调节门使加热器出口温度 350，运转 12 天即可正常运行 。 Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning Air Heater JDK Series 6 JDK-
28、500 1/2008 After heating with mild fire, please start the coal loader, and the coal scuttle begins to supply coal. At this moment, close the ignition door under the coal scuttle, adjust the height of coal gate to about 80 mm (as for hot blast stoves with relatively large capacity, please adjust the
29、height of coal gate to about 100 mm). Start the grates and walk them 10001500mm, then put in firewood, and make sure the firewood is burned at the face arch. When the face arch warms up and becomes dark red, please start the grates, and open the air volume of air blower and induced draft fan, as wel
30、l as the gear speed of grates. The temperature between the exit of hearth and the inlet of heat exchangers shall be controlled 500. Adjust the governing valve of main air blower, keep the temperature at the exit of heat exchangers 350 for 1-2 days, and then the equipment will operate normally. 6. 正常
31、运行正常运行正常运行正常运行 Normal Operation 6.1 做好运行前的准备工作 ，进一步检查各部件 、润滑点及冷却水等是否正常 。 Before normal operation, please make all preparations, and further check the conditions of all parts, lubricating points and cooling water. 6.2 运行前先开主风机 ，并打开调节门 1/4. Before the operation, please first open the main air blower a
32、nd the governing valve 1/4. 6.3 调整排烟引风机进风口调节门 ，将风量调整至正常运行所需要的位置 。 Adjust the governing valve at the air inlet of exhaust fan, and adjust its air volume to proper position of normal operation. 6.4 根据用热设备用热情况及炉膛内燃烧情况 ,调整煤层厚度即煤闸门高度 ，一般地 ，煤层厚度以 80120mm 为宜 （较大容量炉型取较大值 ，较小容量炉型取较小值 ）。 煤层厚度的调整还应结合燃料特点 ，灰分较高
33、的煤层厚度宜略高一些 ，反之略低 。 According to heat consumption of heating equipment and burning inside the hearth, adjust the thickness of coal, that is, the height of coal gate. Generally speaking, the thickness of coal shall be 80120 mm (furnaces with large capacity shall apply relatively high value, while furn
34、aces with small capacity shall apply relatively low value). The thickness of coal shall also consider the characteristics of fuel. Coal Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning Air Heater JDK Series 7 JDK-500 1/2008 with relatively higher content of ash shall
35、be thicker, and vice versa. 6.5 调整炉排下各风室调节门 （见第七条 ）， 调整鼓 、引风机调节门 ，使炉膛负压保持在35mm H2O，以达到微负压燃烧效果 。 Adjust all governing valves of air chamber under the grate (refer to Clause 7), adjust the governing valves of air blower and induced draft fan, and thus maintain the negative pressure of hearth within 35
36、mm H2O, in order to realize the burning under micro-negative pressure. 6.6 逐渐开启主风机进口调节门 ，将热空气出口温度升至设计值 350。 Open gradually the governing valve at the inlet of main air blower, and raise the temperature at the outlet of hot air to design value 350. 7. 链条炉排的运行操作和调节链条炉排的运行操作和调节链条炉排的运行操作和调节链条炉排的运行操作和调节
37、Operation and Adjustment of Chain Grate 7.1 统仓配风 ，分风仓送风抽板式链条炉排配风系统的操作 。 Operation of air distribution system of drawer panel-type chain grate, with steerage air distribution and air supply by air warehouse 7.1.1 统仓配风 、分风仓送风抽板式链条炉排配风系统 ，根据热风炉容量自小到大由37 个独立风室组成分风仓 ，其操作特点集调风和清灰为一体 ，用调风拉杆同时完成两个功能 。 In th
38、e air distribution system of drawer panel-type chain grate, with steerage air distribution and air supply by air warehouse, 37 independent air chambers constitute air warehouse, depending on the capacity of hot blast stove. Its operation integrates air regulation and dust cleaning. These two functio
39、ns are realized by tie rod at the same time. 7.1.2 初次点火时 ，将首风室风门操作杆拉至全开位置 （刻度线 4 档，每档开度 1/4）其余风门关闭 。鼓风机开启后 ，首风室引燃炉膛前部煤层 。 At the first ignition, pull the operating lever of the throttle of the first air chamber to full open position (4-grade in scale mark, every grade has 1/4 opening), and keep othe
40、r throttles close. After starting the air blower, the first air chamber ignites the front coal in the hearth. 7.1.3 首风室上部煤层燃烧 ，火焰 升起正常后 ，第二个风室的风门开启 1/2（此时首风室风门开度应调整为 1/3 以下 ）， 依次类推进入主燃烧区 （喉口部位前后拱之间 ）的各风门全开 ，火焰呈黄白色 ，炉膛温度升高后 ，接近炉膛尾部的风门开启 1/2至 1/3，最后一个风门开启 1/4 或关闭 （应根据燃料品质的实际情况而定 ）。 The top layer of co
41、al burns in the first air chamber. After the blaze rises normally, Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning Air Heater JDK Series 8 JDK-500 1/2008 open 1/2 throttle of the second air chamber (while the opening of the throttle of the first air chamber shall be
42、adjusted below 1/3), and so forth, until all throttles of main combustion zone are full open (between the face arch and rear arch of the throat). The blaze is yellow-white. After the hearth temperature rises, throttles at the end of hearth shall be opened 1/2 to 1/3, and the last throttle is opened
43、1/4 or closed (depending on the actual quality of fuel). 7.1.4 火焰完全正常在满负荷运行状态下 ，首风室风门仅开启 1/4 或关闭 。尾风室风门仅开启 1/4 或关闭 。其余各风室风门依照 “主燃烧区全开 、非主燃烧区半开 ”的原则随时调节 。当鼓风量不足时 ，各风室风门开度适当加大 。反之 ，减小 。 When the blaze is totally normal under full load, the throttle of the first air chamber shall be opened 1/4 or close
44、d, and the throttle of the last air chamber shall be opened 1/4 or closed. Throttles of other air chambers shall be adjusted timely, according to the principle of “full open in main combustion zone, half open in non-main combustion zone”. If the blast volume is insufficient, please properly enlarge
45、the throttle opening of all air chambers. Vice versa. 7.1.5 当煤层较薄 、炉排鼓风量较大时 ，可适当关小鼓风机调节门开度 （无调风门的鼓风机可以调整挡板 ）。 When the coal becomes thin and the blast volume is relatively large, please properly turn down the opening of governing valve of air blower (as for air blower without governing valve, please
46、 adjust the baffle plate). 7.1.6 炉排的清灰 。炉排清灰由调风控杆操作 ，具体方法为 ：正常运行时 ，各风门的开度已调整至运行所需要的开度 ，在此情况下 ，每隔 1-2 小时至少要拉到调风拉杆 ，反复清灰数次 ，使风室仓内积灰松动后落至下炉排面 ，由炉排拖动带至前部落灰斗处。值班人员每班定期自落灰斗清灰门处清理 1-2 次（必要时清理次数需增加 ）。 Dust cleaning for grates. Dust cleaning for grates is carried out by tie rod of air regulation as follows.
47、Under normal operation, all throttles are opened properly to meet the requirement of operation. In this case, pull the tie rod of air regulation at least every 1-2 hours, and clean the dust. As a result, ash deposit in the air chambers loosens and falls to lower grate surface, and the grate brings t
48、he ash to the ash hopper in the front. Every shift of operators cleans the dust once or twice Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Dingma Coal Burning Air Heater JDK Series 9 JDK-500 1/2008 from the soot door of ash hopper (if necessary, do the cleaning more frequently). 反复拉动拉杆清灰后 ，应复位至调风门的正常开度以避免运行失控 。清理炉头部落灰斗里的积灰时 ，在炉排运行期间严谨浇水 ，以防炉排断裂 。停炉后如需在积灰处浇水 ，也应谨防水滴溅到炉排上 。 After repeatedly pulled to clean the dust, the tie rod shall be reset to normal opening of throttle, in order not to lose control of the operation. When cleaning the ash dep
