1、上海养老福利和养老服务发展Elderly Welfare & the Development of Elderly Services in Shanghai,上海市民政局社会福利处Social Welfare Division of Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau 章淑萍Zhang Shuping,上海老龄化发展背景The Background of an Aging Population in Shanghai,从1979年起，上海在全国率先进入老龄化社会。26年来，上海的老年人口增长迅速，可以称之为“跑步进入老龄化”。 In 1979, Shanghai bec
2、ame the first aging city in the country. For the past 26 years, the elderly population in Shanghai has been growing rapidly, as it were, running into an aging society.,截至2004年底：60岁及以上：260.78万，占总人口的19.28%65岁及以上：201.06万，占总人口的14.87%80岁以上：40.70万，占老年人口的15.61%百岁以上：548人，比上年增加94位。,上海人口老龄化发展特点：Characteristic
3、s of the Aging Population in Shanghai:,老年人口总量大The Number of Old People Is Growing,老龄化进程加快The Steps of Aging Are Quickening,高龄化现象突出Advanced Aging Is an Outstanding Phenomenon,上海老年人事业总体发展状况A General Picture of the Growth of Elderly Undertakings in Shanghai,（一）老年人基本保障制度逐步完善 (1) The Basic Security Syste
4、m for the Elderly Is Steadily Improving.,（二）各类涉老设施建设稳步推进 (2) All Types of Elderly Facilities Are Being Constructed.,（三）社会为老服务活动深入开展 (3) Social Service Activities for the Elderly Are Deepening.,（四）老年人的精神文化生活日益丰富 (4) Elderly Peoples Cultural Life Is Becoming Richer.,一、本市养老福利的发展现状I. The Status Quo of E
5、lderly Welfare in Our City,（一）大力推进养老福利设施网络建设。(1) Boosting the Construction of a Network of Elderly Welfare Facilities,至2004年底全市建有：By 2004, there had been set up in the city:,床位4.0万张 40,000 Beds,社区老年人日间服务中心83家 83 Day Care Centers for the Elderly in the Community,养老机构439家 439 Elderly Institutions,本市养老
6、机构床位构成（截至2004年底）Composition of Beds in Elderly Institutions (by 2004),（二）探索居家养老服务初见成效。 (2) Preliminary Results Are Achieved in the Exploration of Services to the Elderly at Home.,近年来，在稳步推进机构养老的同时，本市大力探索以居家养老为主要形式的多元化、社会化养老模式，以家庭为支点，以社区为依托，将专业化服务导入家庭。,（三）不断提高养老福利服务质量。 (3) Services to the Elderly Keep
7、 Improving,坚持以人为本，开展个性化服务，加大对服务队伍的培训和管理力度。在养老福利领域导入ISO国际质量认证体系，建立统一的居家养老服务评估制度,提升管理和服务质量，初步探索了养老福利人性化的服务模式。,二、存在的突出问题II. Major Problems That Exist,（一）养老机构供给能力相对不足，需求仍难满足 (1) Elderly Institutions Are Not Enough to Satisfy the Needs, 总量不足The Total Number Is Not Enough, 供需匹配不均The Supply & the Demand Ar
8、e Unevenly Distributed, 服务功能有待完善The Service Functions Are to Be Perfected, 增量发展难度大It Is Very Difficult to Increase the Numbers,（二）居家养老服务的面较窄，服务体系尚需完善 (2) Services to the Elderly at Home Are Not Comprehensive Enough & the System Is Waiting for Improvement,服务对象主要是政府购买服务的补贴对象，需求尚未完全体现，市场尚未形成。,现有居家养老以生活
9、照料和护理服务为主，需进一步拓展服务内容。,服务还依赖于行政推动，尚未真正形成专业化的运作模式。,（三）服务队伍不够稳定，专业化水平较低 (3) The Service Ranks Are Not Very Stable, with Relatively Low Professionalism,三、面临的巨大挑战III. Great Challenges Confronting Us,（一）老年人口总量大、老龄化程度高。,（三）高龄化现象突出，养老服务需求增加。,（二）老龄化进程加快，超过预期。,2004年上海老年人口构成情况Composition of Old Population in S
10、hanghai (2004),上海人口老龄化发展趋势图The Trend of Aging of the Population in Shanghai(参照市社科院人口所有关数据),四、发 展 思 路IV. Thoughts on Future Development,（一）着眼于人的全面发展，从侧重“民政 保障”到凸现“民生保障”。,（二）着眼于经济社会协调发展，从侧重 “基础保障”到关注“福利提升”。,(三) 着眼于政府职能的转变，从侧重“政府 包揽”到重视“社会分担”。,五、相关应对措施V. Related Measures to Cope with the Situation,（一）以
11、生活照料为重点，完善居家养老服务网络 (1) A Network of Services to the Elderly at Home Is to Be Improved, Focusing on Daily Care, 构建“生活照料服务网” Building Up a Service Network of Daily Care, 构建“社区紧急援助网” Building Up a Network of Emergency Assistance in the Community, 构建“医疗卫生保健网” Building Up a Network of Medical Care,（二）稳步发
12、展养老机构 (2) Elderly Institutions Are to Be Developed Steadily, 合理规划养老机构布局Reasonably Planning the Distribution of Elderly Institutions, 鼓励社会力量兴办养老机构Encouraging Social Forces to Build Elderly Institutions,（三）探索建立分类评估体系 (3) The Set-up of a Classified Assessment System Is to Be Explored, 建立评估制度，保证福利资源公 平分配和有效使用。, 根据不同老人的状况，实施不同 的福利政策。,（四）探索建立护理保险制度 (4) The Set-up of a Caring Insurance System Is to Be Probed, 借鉴德国、日本、荷兰等经验，探 索在上海推行护理保险制度的必要 性、可行性。, 护理保险可包括基本险和补充险。,参 与Participation,交 流Communication,分 享Share,支 持Support,谢 谢 ！ Thank you!,
