1、P 23 The opportunity cost of any choice is what we must forego when we make that choice.P29 生 产 可 能 性 边 界 Production possibilities frontier is giving the different combinations of goods that can be produced with the resources and technology currently available.P30 According to 机 会 成 本 递 增 规 律 the la
2、w of increasing opportunity cost, the most of something we produce, the greater the opportunity cost of producing even more of it.P57 In 非 完 全 竞 争 市 场 imperfectly competitive markets, individual buyers or sellers can influence the price of the product.P58 In 完 全 竞 争 市 场 perfectly competitive markets
3、, each individual buyers or sellers takes the market price as a given.P62 A change in the price of good cause a movement along the demand curve. P75 The equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity are values for price and quantity in the market that, once achieved, will remain constant- unless and un
4、til the supply curve or the demand curve shifts.P85 A consumers budget constraint 预 算 约 束 identifies which combinations of goods and services the consumer can afford with a limited budget, at given prices.P108 marginal utility 边 际 效 用 is the change in utility an individual enjoys from consuming an a
5、dditional unit of a good.P130 an indifference curve 无 差 异 曲 线 represents all combinations of two goods that make the consumer equally well off.P145 the law of diminishing marginal returns 边 际 收 益 递 减 规 律 states that as we continue to add more of any one input, its marginal product will eventually de
6、cline.P217 in the long run , every competitive firm will earn normal profit 正 常 利 润 that is ,zero economic profit.P232 a monopoly firm is the only seller of a good or service with no close substitutes. The market in which the monopoly firm operates is called a monopoly market.垄 断 市 场P260 another for
7、m of tacit collusion is price leadership, in which one firm, the price leader, sets its price, and other sellers copy that price.P275 price discrimination 价 格 歧 视 occurs when a firm charges different prices to different customers for reasons other than different in cost.P253 an oligopoly 寡 头 is a ma
8、rket dominated by a small number of strategically interdependent firms.P160 规 模 经 济 economic of scale-total cost rise proportionately P117 The income effect -a price change arises from a change from purchasing.P 23 The opportunity cost of any choice is what we must forego when we make that choice.P2
9、9 生 产 可 能 性 边 界 Production possibilities frontier is giving the different combinations of goods that can be produced with the resources and technology currently available.P30 According to 机 会 成 本 递 增 规 律 the law of increasing opportunity cost, the most of something we produce, the greater the opport
10、unity cost of producing even more of it.P57 In 非 完 全 竞 争 市 场 imperfectly competitive markets, individual buyers or sellers can influence the price of the product.P58 In 完 全 竞 争 市 场 perfectly competitive markets, each individual buyers or sellers takes the market price as a given.P62 A change in the
11、price of good cause a movement along the demand curve. P75 The equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity are values for price and quantity in the market that, once achieved, will remain constant- unless and until the supply curve or the demand curve shifts.P85 A consumers budget constraint 预 算 约 束
12、identifies which combinations of goods and services the consumer can afford with a limited budget, at given prices.P108 marginal utility 边 际 效 用 is the change in utility an individual enjoys from consuming an additional unit of a good.P130 an indifference curve 无 差 异 曲 线 represents all combinations
13、of two goods that make the consumer equally well off.P145 the law of diminishing marginal returns 边 际 收 益 递 减 规 律 states that as we continue to add more of any one input, its marginal product will eventually decline.P217 in the long run , every competitive firm will earn normal profit 正 常 利 润 that i
14、s ,zero economic profit.P232 a monopoly firm is the only seller of a good or service with no close substitutes. The market in which the monopoly firm operates is called a monopoly market.垄 断 市 场P260 another form of tacit collusion is price leadership, in which one firm, the price leader, sets its pr
15、ice, and other sellers copy that price.P275 price discrimination 价 格 歧 视 occurs when a firm charges different prices to different customers for reasons other than different in cost.P253 an oligopoly 寡 头 is a market dominated by a small number of strategically interdependent firms.P160 规 模 经 济 economic of scale-total cost rise proportionately P117 The income effect -a price change arises from a change from purchasing.