1、八下 Unit1 知识总结1一. 询问某人的健康问题及遭到麻烦的表达方法1. 询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达： Whats the matter (with sb.)?（某人）怎么了？ Whats wrong (with sb.)?（某人）怎么了？ Whats the trouble with sb? 某人出什么事了？ What happened to sb? 某人发生了什么事？ Are you OK? 你没事吧？ Is there anything wrong with sb.？某人有不舒服/麻烦吗？ 2. 要表达身体疼痛或不舒服，可用以下结构： 某人+hav
2、e/has+病症The twins have colds双胞胎感冒了。 某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache. She had a stomachache last night. 她昨晚肚子痛。某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位 He has a sore throat. 他喉咙痛。 某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词He hurt his leg. 他的腿受伤了。 某部位+hurt(s). My head hurts badly. 我头痛得厉害。 某人+have/has+a pain+in
3、 ones+身体部位I have a pain in my chest. 我胸口痛。 (There is) something wrong with ones+身体部位There is something wrong with my right eye. 我的右眼有毛病。 其他表达方式 She has a heart trouble. 她有心脏病。 He got hit on the head. 他头部受到了撞击。 She cut her finger. 她割破手指了。 2matter mt1.n.事情，问题 (可数)There are more important matters we ne
4、ed to discuss.由更重要的事情我们需要讨论。2.不可数名词 物质，材料，东西The universe is made up of matter.宇宙由物质构成。3. matter 作动词，意为“有关系；要紧“。通常用于否定句和疑问句，句中常常含有what, who, where, if 等词，一般以 it 作主语。It doesnt matter if I miss the train, because theres another later. 4.no matter+特殊疑问词意为“无论 “No matter where you go, please let me know.
5、5.the matter 意为“有问题；出毛病；麻烦事 “，常常同不定代词 anything, something, nothing等连用，意为“有点儿什么问题“ 或“ 没有什么问题“等。Is there anything the matter?Whats the matter with you?八下 Unit1 知识总结26.as a matter of fact=in fact 事实上As a matter of fact, I know nothing about the matter. 实际上，我对那件事一无所知。3表示疼痛的词1.sores adj.疼痛的，酸痛的n. 溃疡，痛处；恨
6、事，伤心事通常指由于发炎而引起的肌肉疼痛， 表示身体某一部位疼痛时，放在身体部位名词前面。have a sore throathave a sore back2. ache ek v.疼痛； n.疼痛ache 指持续的隐隐的疼痛，常放在身体部位名词后构成病痛名称。have a headachehave a toothache3. pain pen n.疼痛I have a pain in my feet.have a pain in+身体部位have a pain on+部位一般内部用疼用 in 外部疼用 on 4.hurt htadj.疼痛的；v.使得疼痛，感到疼痛 使得受伤v.使得受伤，伤
7、害I hurt my back.My back hurts.I hurt myself.adj.受伤的My back is hurt.四感冒catch a coldhave a coldhave the flucatch the flu五stomachst mk n.胃，腹部stomachache stmk-ek n.胃痛，腹痛head n.头-headache hedek n.头痛tooth n.牙齿-toothache tuek n.牙痛back n.背部-backache bkek n.背疼have a sore backhave a backacheneck n.脖子 -neckach
8、e n.脖子疼leg-legachefoot-footacheface-faceacheear-earache六一些特殊的用法。我脚疼。My foot hurts.我嗓子疼。I have a sore throat.我发烧了。I have a fever. / My head feels very hot.七lie la 八下 Unit1 知识总结31.v.躺着-过去式 lay，躺下休息 lie down and rest2.v.说谎；n.谎言 -过去式 liedHe often tells lies.Dont lie to others. In this way, you will lose
9、 others trust.8rest restn.休息 I am too tired.Lets stop to have a good rest.v.休息adj.剩余的 I plan to use the rest of the time to read books.Some students are on the playground, and the rest are staying in class.九breakv.打破 broke broke my arms.He broke the world record.n.间歇，休息 We have 10 minutes break betw
10、een two classes.Lets take a break.=take breaks十coughk f n.咳嗽 I have a bad cough.v.咳嗽 He coughed the whole day.十一off adv./prep 离开；不工作；从.去掉get off 下车break off 突然中断cut off 切断take off 起飞，脱掉turn off 关掉put off 推迟go off 闹钟响keep off 让开，不接近give off 发出光set off 启程，送行show off 炫耀十二surprisev.使得惊奇 His words surpri
11、sed me.n.惊奇 When I saw the snake, I got a big surprise.adj.surprised 惊奇的 His words made me surprised.adj.surprising 令人惊奇的be surprised to do sth.I am surprised to hear from her.be surprised that 从句I am surprised that I hear from her.be surprised at +sth.I am surprised at the news.to ones surpriseTo m
12、y surprise, he got bad grades.十三trouble trb()l不可数名词 问题，烦恼v. 麻烦；使烦恼；折磨I met some trouble.Dont trouble me.八下 Unit1 知识总结4I get into trouble.I was in trouble.I have trouble in math.十四hitv.击，打过去式 hitHe was hit by a car. 他被一辆小汽车撞了。The car hit a tree.小汽车撞了一棵树。He hit me on the head.他打了我的头。n. 打；打击；（演出等）成功；讽刺
13、His songs made a hit.他的歌轰动一时。十五bandage bnd dn.绷带 Put a bandage on it.v.用绷带包扎 The nurse bandaged up his hand.十六pressv.压，挤，按 I press the bell.我摁了门铃。When you have a nosebleed, Press the sides of your nose.-pressure n.压力，不可数Nowadays, many students have a lot of pressure.现在，孩子们有很多的压力。We are under too muc
14、h pressure.我们生活在太多的压力之下。十七sickadj.生病的，有病的他病的严重。He is seriously ill.He is seriously sick.十八bloodbl d n.血bleed blid v.流血过去式 blednosebleed n.鼻出血-have a nosebleed19breath bren.呼吸，一口气Please take a deep breath.请做深呼吸When I got to the top of the hill, I was already out of breath.当我到达山顶的时，我已经上气不接下气了。I can ho
15、ld my breath for about one minute.我能屏住我的呼吸大约一分钟。breathe briv.呼吸Breathe the fresh air.二十.burn bnn. 灼伤，烧伤；烙印v. 燃烧；烧毁，灼伤；激起的愤怒burned adj.烧伤的sunburn v.晒伤sunburnedsnbnd adj.晒伤的去年暑假，我去了云南，我被晒伤了。Last summer vacation, I went to Yunnan, I got sunburned.二十一.climb v.爬山 climber n.登山者八下 Unit1 知识总结5爬山 climb the m
16、ountain我喜欢爬山。I like climbing the mountains.I like mountain climbing.二十二.usev.使用 n.用途use sth. to do sth.make full/good use of time to do sth.充分利用时间做某事be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事get/become used to doing sth.习惯于做某事I am used to getting up early.I get/become used to getting up early.used to do sth.过去常常做某
17、事I used to take a walk after dinner.be used for doing sth.被用来做某事Knives are used for cutting things.二十三.risk rskn. 风险；危险；冒险 take risks=take a riskvt. 冒 的危险risk ones life to do sth.冒着生命危险去做某事He risked his life to save the boy.take the risk of doing sth.冒着做某事的危险He takes the risk of losing his life.at r
18、isk处于.危险中They are at risk.二十四.accident ks dnt事故，可数名词He had a serious traffic accident.他发生了一起严重的交通事故。by accident 偶然地，无意中。我是无意中找到它的。I found it by accident.without accident 平安无事地。 船平安到达那儿。The ship arrived there without accident. 二十五.situationstje()n情况，状况a win-win situation双赢的局面This means being in a dif
19、ficult situation (that you cannot seem to get out of).这意味着处于一种你似乎不能摆脱的艰难的环境。be in a difficult situation八下 Unit1 知识总结6处于一种.的环境a situation changes 情况有变化a situation improves情况好转二十六.run out of 用光，用尽.sb. run out of sth.I run out of money.sth. run outMy money has run out.sth. be used upMy money has been u
20、sed up.简单的说就是 run out 没有被动而使用 use up的时候要用被动二十七.cut 切，割cut off 切除cut down 砍伐cut up 切碎cut in 插嘴，超车cut.into 把.切成.cut through/across 抄近路穿过cut away 切掉，砍掉二十八.meanv.意思是，打算，意欲-过去式 meantmean 用法主要有以下几种：1.是表示“意思是，有的意思” 。What does this word mean? 2.是表示“指”I mean the red one, not the green one. 我说的是那个红的，不是那个绿的。3.
21、是表示“意味着” ，后面可以接名词、动名词、从句。This mean we have to wait .这就意味着我们还得等。4.是表示“打算；有意图” ，后面接名词、代词、不跟宾语、动词不定式.What do you mean to do with it? 你打算把它怎样处理？We had meant to leave on Monday.（与完成时连用，表“本打算” ）我们本来打算周一离开的。二十九.get out of 摆脱,逃避.; 从.出来He got out of trouble.他拜托了困难。He will get out of control.他将要摆脱控制。He cant g
22、et out of a dangerous situation.他不能摆脱一个危险的情况。课本原句：This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.这意味着处于一种似乎不能摆脱的困境。划线部分做的 situation 的后置定语。三十.important adj.重要的 importance n.重要性三十一.decide 动词 决定 decision 名词 决定三十二.control kntrl八下 Unit1 知识总结7限制，约束，管理，控制I cant control my diet.我不能控制我的饮食。Dont worry, we have everything under control.别担心,一切都在我们掌控之中。We should learn to control our time.我们应该学会管理我们的时间。be in control of .管理,掌管under the control of .受 的管理be out of control 失去了控制The car is out of control.小汽车失去了控制。三十三.die 动词dead 形容词death 名词dying 现在分词三十四.nursen.护士v.看护
