1、Vocabulary and Reading Cloning and DNA,Language points before reading the passage,酸性DNA,双螺旋结构,生命基本元素,基因构成,利用化学 酶的程序,一定顺序的基因,把.植入.,主细胞,从遗传角度而言完全相同,valid reasons offer.as an optional treatment under unknown psychological pressure the talents of exceptional human beings be contradictory to posses new v
2、ices instead of exsisting virtues obtain a supply of stem cells develop into recover from.,正当理由,把.作为治疗方案,处于未知的心理压下力,非凡人物的天赋,与.对立；截然相反,拥有新缺点而不是已有的优点,获得大量干细胞,发育成为.,从.康复过来,repair human tissues voluntary code of practice compulsary government regulations be handy to clone a prize cow resist bacteria or
3、diseaseresist rots or pests restrict the biodiversity of the breed at a crime scene,修复人体组织,不成文的职业规范,强制性的政府规定,便于克隆,优质奶牛,抵御细菌和疾病,抵御枯病和虫害,限制生物的多样性,在犯罪现场,1. Why do we have the same characteristics as our parents? Because we have inherited genes from our parents.2. What are genes?Definition: The DNA segm
4、ents carrying genetic information are called genes. The scientific study of genes is called genetics.,DNA is a nucleic acid containing the genetic information.It is in the shape of a transparent twisting ladder.,Stem cells are flexible cells that can develop into every other type of cell in the body
5、.,Cloning and DNA,Fast-readingHow many parts can the passage be divided into?Whats the main idea of each part? (Para 1 to 2 ) the discovery of the structure of DNA and the further study into it. (Para 3) how to clone something (Para 4 to 8) the reasons for cloning,Para 1-3 1. Use information from th
6、e text to define the three terms: DNA, enzyme, clone.2. What are the scientists achievements? Watson and Crick Mendel Cohen and Boyer,Para 1-2 1. Define the terms: DNA, clone,enzyme. DNA is a transparent twisting ladder made of fundamental components of life. A clone is an organism which is genetica
7、lly identical to another one. Enzymes are chemicals formed in the body. They wont break down in chemical reactions.,Para 1-2 2. The scientists achievements? Watson and Crick: discoveded the_ of DNA. Mendel: understood that both the_ plants had _the genetic_ of the new plant. Cohen and Boyer:discover
8、ed a _ to use enzymes to _DNA, to cut out a _ of genes and finally to _them into the _ cell and combine with its DNA.,structure,parent,influenced,make-up,procedure,unzip,sequence,insert,host,主细胞,Para 4- 8 How many reasons are mentioned? Is there a topic sentence? Topic sentence: Although controversi
9、al, there are many valid reasons to do so.An Italian doctor wants to . Another reason is that. A further reason is to . A fourth reason for cloning is that. Finally, ,What are the advantages and disadvantages of cloning?,The advantages of cloning.,It is an optional treatment for couples who find it
10、difficult to have children.,It can help reproduce the talents of exceptional people.,It can help obtain a supply of stem cells.,It can help farmers raise resistant crops or animals,The disadvantages of cloning.,A clone would be under unknown psychological pressure.,A clone may possess new vices inst
11、ead of existing virtues,Embryos made from clones would be wasted which some people would find unacceptable,To rely on a few cloned animals or crops would restrict biodiversity.,beneficial,helping,couple,identical,family,society,extinct,becoming,get ill,young,wrong,against,things,products,copies,Post
12、-readingCloning is a controversial topic in human society. There has been a lot of debate over whether or not cloning should be used. If you had the power, would you ban cloning or would you encourage it? Why？,Debate: to clone or not to clone?,For,Against,Present your ideas:Im for/ against cloning.
13、Support your idea with solid arguments: Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly,For one thing, For anotherWhats more, Moreover, In addition, Make a conclusion: In short, To sum up, In conclusion,Language points in the passage,gene n.基因 genetic adj.基因的；遗传学的 genetically adv.通过基因 genetics n.遗传学 geneticist n.遗传学家,be
14、nefit n.益处；优势 v.使受益 beneficial adj.有益的；有用的 bacterium n.细菌 (pl bacteria) medium n.媒体；媒介 (pl media) option n.选择；选择权 optional adj.可选择的,produce v.生产；制作；培养 reproduce v.复制；繁殖；重现 except prep.除.外 exception n.例外；异议 exceptional adj.特别的；非凡的 flexible adj.灵活的；可变通的 flexibility n.灵活性；柔韧性,resist v. 抵抗 resistance n.
15、反抗；抵制 analyze v.分析 analysis n.分析；分析结果 analyst n.分析者；化验员 suspect n.嫌疑人；v.怀疑 suspected adj.被怀疑的,一系列的 把.植入 与.结合 有压力 与.相反/矛盾,a sequence of,insert. into,combine with,under pressure,be contradictory to.,一系列 干细胞 发展成为 由.发展而来从.恢复过来,a supply of,stem cell,develop into,develop from,recover from,抵制做. 依靠；指望 怀疑某人
16、如下 在犯罪现场 基本成分,resist doing sth,rely on,suspect sb.of (doing) sth.,as follows,at a crime scene,fundamental component,1.Cohen and Boyer discovered a procedure to use enzymes-chemicals formed in the body - to unzip the DNA, to cut out a sequence of genes, and finally to insert them into the host cell a
17、nd combine with its DNA.,Cohen 和Boyer发现了利用体内化学酶的程序解开DNA，截取一定顺序的基因，然后把他们植入干细胞并与它的DNA结合起来。,2.But an Einstein clone might choose a path in life which is contradictory to the one the original Einstein chose.,但是 Einstein的克隆体可能会选择一条 和 原版Einstein 截然相反的生活道路。,3.A fourth reason for cloning is that some scient
18、ists and farmers think it would be handy to clone, for example, a prize cow which can resist bacteria or disease, or to sow a cloned crop which can resist rot or pests.,克隆的第四个原因就是：有些科学家和农民认为克隆很方便。例如：克隆能够抵御细菌和疾病的优质奶牛，或者种植能抵抗枯病和虫害的克隆庄稼。,Assignment,Read the article aloud; Write a passage to give your opinion about whether you are for cloning or against it and give reasons and conclusion.,
