1、,Unit 3 Computers,Period,4 语法专题课,I. Read the sentences from the text, paying attention to the underlined parts.,Over time I have been changed quite a lot. 2. , I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. 3. I never forget anything I have been told! 4. Since the 1970s, many new application
2、s have been found for me. 5. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as ,Task1. Presentation,讲解归纳 1. 构成：主动语态 被动语态 现在完成时 have/has done,The Present Perfect Passive Voice （现在完成时的被动语态）,have/has been done,II. Translation,1. Two windows have been broken,两个窗子被打破了。,这辆汽车还没有被修好。,2. The
3、 car has not been repaired,3 Have the cars been repaired？No，they havent,这些汽车修好了吗？ 不，还没有。,她的工作完成有多久了？,How long has her work been finished？,2. 现在完成时被动语态的各种句式： 肯定式 have/hasbeendoneYour computer has been repaired.你的电脑已经修好了。 否定式 have/hasnotbeendoneThe desks have not been cleaned.这些桌子还没有擦干净。,疑问式Have/Has主语
4、beendone? Has the door been painted? 那扇门粉刷了吗？ No，it hasnt.不，还没有。 特殊疑问式 疑问词havehas主语beendoneHow long has her work been finished？她的工作完成有多久了？,3. 现在完成时被动语态的主要用法 1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果。当动词为短暂动词时，可与already或yet连用，但不能与for或since引导的表示一段的时间状语连用。例如： Im sorry，but the letters havent been typed yet. 很抱歉，这些信件还没有被打
5、印出来。(结果是，现在还拿不到这些信件) The work has already been finished. 工作已完成了。(结果是，现在不用做这项工作了),2) 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long.？句型中。例如： The plan has been discussed for nearly 2 hours. 这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。 3) 用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 You can go home as so
6、on as your task has been finished. 你的任务一完成就可以回家。,. 完成句子 1由于大雪，高速公路已经被封闭。 The freeway _because of the heavy snow. 答案：has been closed 2对不起，先生，这次展览的门票已经全部卖完了。 Sorry，sir，all the tickets for the exhibition _. 答案：have been sold out,Task 2 Test yourself!,3这座城市明年将建多少座大楼？ How many high buildings _in this cit
7、y next year? 答案：will be built 4为了多种一些谷物，很多树被砍掉了。 Large numbers of trees _to grow more grain. 答案：have been cut down,5我喜欢这部科幻电影，它已经在电视上播了三次了。 I like this science fiction film and it _ three times on TV. 答案：has been shown,. 单项填空 1His sister left home in 1998，and _since. Ahad not been heard of Bhas not
8、been heard of Chad not heard of Dhas not heard of 解析：选B。考查时态及语态。句意为：他姐姐1998年离家出走，从此杳无音信。根据句中since可知本题需用完成时，同时根据句意可知需用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B项。,2The new dictionaries are very useful.They _well and _already. Asell；have been sold out Bsold；had sold out Csell；sell out Dare sold；have been sold out 解析：选A。第一空sell说明
9、主语的性质，为不及物动词用法，不能用于被动语态；第二空根据副词already可知“已卖完了”；且sell out(售完)与dictionaries间为被动关系，故选A项。,3Can we sit at the table near the window? Im sorry，but it_already. Awas taken Btook Chas taken Dhas been taken 解析：选D。it代指the table，和take之间是被动关系；又根据already和句意可知用现在完成时，故答案选D项。,4. I want to buy this kind of cloth beca
10、use I_ the cloth _well. Ahave told；washed Bhave been told；washes Chave been told；washed Dwas told；washed 解析：选B。根据句意“因为我被告知这种布很好洗”可知第一空用完成时的被动语态；第二空表示主语具有的属性，用主动表被动，故用washes。,1. 使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意以下几点: 1) 现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词，即have/has和been，两者缺一不可。 2) 只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词（词组）没有被动语态, 如:happen, take place, die,
11、 appear, disappear, fail, remain, lie, last, sit , stand, break out, come true, belong to等,Conclusion:,3) 副词的位置often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。如:误 Such a man has been hardly believed.正 Such a man has hardly been believed.,4 ) 许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语 动词，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态。
12、但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动 语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。如： e.g. A notice has been put up on the wall.,5) 非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。,. 用括号内动词或词组的适当形式填空 1More than 5,000 used bikes_ (collect) since the two brothers set up the organisation. 答案
13、：have been collected 2Since the cause of this disease_ (discover)，now we need to develop the medicine to treat it. 答案：has been discovered,Task4 Consolidation.,3Over the past ten years，this town _ (hit)twice by earthquakes. 答案：has been hit 4Will the lecture be held at 4 oclock this afternoon? No. It_
14、(put off)till tomorrow afternoon. 答案：has been put off,5Her novel is very popular among people of all ages；so far it_(translate) into 25 languages. 答案：has been translated,II. Choose the best answers. 1. All the preparations for the task _, and were ready to start.A. completed B. completeC. had been c
15、ompleted D. have been done,2. - How long _ at this job?- Since 1990.A. were you employed B. have you been employedC. had you been employed D. will you be employed,3. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet.A. are not decided B. have not been decidedC. is not being decided D. has not bee
16、n decided 4. Betty_ injured since last Saturday. A . has been B. was C. is D. has,5. That book _into at least 20 foreign languages. A. has said to be translated B. has been said to have translated C. is said that it had been translated D. is said to have been translated,注:该句的句型是:It is said that/peop
17、le (they) said that/that book is said to 根据句意是已经被译成了20 多种文字所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。,6. -Did you move into the new house?- No. The rooms _ yet.A. were being painted B. are paintingC. have not painted D. have not been painted,1. It was / will be + 段时间 + before 表示“才；就”， It was just 3 days before the book was pu
18、blished.三 天后那本书就出版了。 It will be tens years before we meet again.五年后我们才会在见面。,It wasnt long before / It wont long before 表示“不久以后就”； It wasnt long before he came home.他不久后就回到了家里。 It wont long before you get well again.不久你就可以恢复健康了。,Lead-in,Are you familiar with these computers? Can you call them?,palmto
19、p,laptop/ notebook,desktop PC,WW PC wrist-worn/wearable PC,A wrist-worn PC has been invented recently.,A pen-like computer has already been developed.,The new campus of Qufu No.1 Middle School has already been built .,The houses have been destroyed by the storm.,I. Read the sentences from the text,
20、paying attention to the underlined parts.,Over time I have been changed quite a lot. 2. , I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. 3. I never forget anything I have been told! 4. Since the 1970s, many new applications have been found for me. 5. I have also been put into robots and used
21、 to make mobile phones as ,Task1. Presentation,II. Translation,1. Two windows have been broken2. The car has not been repaired,两个窗子被打破了。,这辆汽车还没有被修好。,3 Have the cars been repaired？No，they havent4 How long has her work been finished？,这些汽车修好了吗？ 不，还没有。,她的工作完成有多久了？,讲解归纳 1. 构成：主动语态 被动语态 现在完成时 have/has don
22、e,The Present Perfect Passive Voice （现在完成时的被动语态）,have/has been done,2. 现在完成时被动语态的各种句式： 肯定式 have/hasbeendoneYour computer has been repaired.你的电脑已经修好了。 否定式 have/hasnotbeendoneThe desks have not been cleaned.这些桌子还没有擦干净。,疑问式Have/Has主语beendone? Has the door been painted? 那扇门粉刷了吗？ No，it hasnt.不，还没有。 特殊疑问式
23、 疑问词havehas主语beendoneHow long has her work been finished？她的工作完成有多久了？,3. 现在完成时被动语态的主要用法 1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果。当动词为短暂动词时，可与already或yet连用，但不能与for或since引导的表示一段的时间状语连用。例如： Im sorry，but the letters havent been typed yet. 很抱歉，这些信件还没有被打印出来。(结果是，现在还拿不到这些信件) The work has already been finished. 工作已完成了。(结果是，现
24、在不用做这项工作了),2) 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long.？句型中。例如： The plan has been discussed for nearly 2 hours. 这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。 3) 用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 You can go home as soon as your task has been finished. 你的任务一完成就可以回家。,. 完成句子 1由于大雪，高速公路已经被封
25、闭。 The freeway _because of the heavy snow. 答案：has been closed 2对不起，先生，这次展览的门票已经全部卖完了。 Sorry，sir，all the tickets for the exhibition _. 答案：have been sold out,Task 2 Test yourself!,3这座城市明年将建多少座大楼？ How many high buildings _in this city next year? 答案：will be built 4为了多种一些谷物，很多树被砍掉了。 Large numbers of tree
26、s _to grow more grain. 答案：have been cut down,5我喜欢这部科幻电影，它已经在电视上播了三次了。 I like this science fiction film and it _ three times on TV. 答案：has been shown,. 单项填空 1His sister left home in 1998，and _since. Ahad not been heard of Bhas not been heard of Chad not heard of Dhas not heard of 解析：选B。考查时态及语态。句意为：他姐
27、姐1998年离家出走，从此杳无音信。根据句中since可知本题需用完成时，同时根据句意可知需用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B项。,2The new dictionaries are very useful.They _well and _already. Asell；have been sold out Bsold；had sold out Csell；sell out Dare sold；have been sold out 解析：选A。第一空sell说明主语的性质，为不及物动词用法，不能用于被动语态；第二空根据副词already可知“已卖完了”；且sell out(售完)与dictionar
28、ies间为被动关系，故选A项。,3Can we sit at the table near the window? Im sorry，but it_already. Awas taken Btook Chas taken Dhas been taken 解析：选D。it代指the table，和take之间是被动关系；又根据already和句意可知用现在完成时，故答案选D项。,4. I want to buy this kind of cloth because I_ the cloth _well. Ahave told；washed Bhave been told；washes Chave
29、 been told；washed Dwas told；washed 解析：选B。根据句意“因为我被告知这种布很好洗”可知第一空用完成时的被动语态；第二空表示主语具有的属性，用主动表被动，故用washes。,Correct the following sentences.,1. A personal computer has bought by us.2. What has been happened to you?,A personal computer has been bought by us.,what has happened to you?,Task3 Extension,3. O
30、ur computer just has been joined to the internet. 4. The child has been taken good care by Grandma Wang all these years.,Our computer has just been joined tothe internet.,The child has been taken good care of by Grandma Wang all these years.,5. How long has the book been borrowed ?,How long has the
31、book been kept?,1. 使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意以下几点: 1) 现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词，即have/has和been，两者缺一不可。 2) 只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词（词组）没有被动语态, 如:happen, take place, die, appear, disappear, fail, remain, lie, last, sit , stand, break out, come true, belong to等,Conclusion:,3) 副词的位置often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副
32、词置于have/has和been中间。如:误 Such a man has been hardly believed.正 Such a man has hardly been believed.,4 ) 许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语 动词，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态。 但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动 语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。如： e.g. A notice has been put up on the wall.,5) 非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能
33、与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。,. 用括号内动词或词组的适当形式填空 1More than 5,000 used bikes_ (collect) since the two brothers set up the organisation. 答案：have been collected 2Since the cause of this disease_ (discover)，now we need to develop the medicine to treat it. 答案：has been discovered,Task4 Consolidation.
34、,3Over the past ten years，this town _ (hit)twice by earthquakes. 答案：has been hit 4Will the lecture be held at 4 oclock this afternoon? No. It_(put off)till tomorrow afternoon. 答案：has been put off,5Her novel is very popular among people of all ages；so far it_(translate) into 25 languages. 答案：has been
35、 translated,II. Choose the best answers. 1. All the preparations for the task _, and were ready to start.A. completed B. completeC. had been completed D. have been done,2. - How long _ at this job?- Since 1990.A. were you employed B. have you been employedC. had you been employed D. will you be empl
36、oyed,3. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet.A. are not decided B. have not been decidedC. is not being decided D. has not been decided 4. Betty_ injured since last Saturday. A . has been B. was C. is D. has,5. That book _into at least 20 foreign languages. A. has said to be translat
37、ed B. has been said to have translated C. is said that it had been translated D. is said to have been translated,注:该句的句型是:It is said that/people (they) said that/that book is said to 根据句意是已经被译成了20 多种文字所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。,6. -Did you move into the new house?- No. The rooms _ yet.A. were being painted B. are paintingC. have not painted D. have not been painted,1. Recite the sentences from the text. 2. Revise the present perfect passive voice after class, and try to grasp the different forms and their usage.,Homework,
