1、复合句是有两个或两个以上的有主谓语结构的句子用从属连词连接起来的句子。其中一个句子是主体，叫做主句，而其他的句子叫做从句。从句有连接词引导，如：that ,before, whether, if, because, as soon as , after, who, which, what, why, where, how, when等。,从句尽管有主谓结构，但不能单独成为一个句子。在句中，从句仅担任某个成分，根据担任的成分可分为名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句）、定语从句和壮语从句。,定语从句在复合句中，用来说明主句中某一名词或代词而起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句，它相当于一
2、个形容词，放在被修饰的名次后面。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或句子叫做“先行词”，引导定语从句的连词叫做“关系代词”或“关系副词”。关系代词在定语从句内部可以做定语、宾语、表语或定语；关系副词在定语从句中作状语。,1、定语从句的先行词 代表物(thing) 、代表人(person) eg:The computer (that/ which) he lost at the airport was found at last. (先行词是名词the computer，在定语 从句中充当宾语）The girl who is always late lives only with her father.
3、(先行词是名词 the girl，在定语从句中充当主语）,2、定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词，代替先行词在定语从句中充当成分。who 用于指人，which 用于指物，that 既可以指人，又可以指物,No one knows the boy who saved the two girls from the river.(指人，主语）The supermarket which(that ) was opened a few years ago is called Silver Plaza.(指物，主语）The coat which (that) he bought
4、 for me doesnt fit me.（指物，宾语）,只用which 不用that 的情况 *当关系代词前有介词时This is the room in which Luxun lived.,只用that 不用which 的情况 *先行词前有序数词或last 修饰时The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.This is the third book that she has given me.,*先行词被形容词最高级修饰时Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities that I hav
5、e ever visited.,*当先行词为 all, little, much, few, everything, anything, nothing none等不定代词，或被any,few,little, no,all 等修饰时 I will tell him all that you told me at the party.,*先行词被only 或very 等修饰时He is the only person that understands me.,宾语从句 在句中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句，宾语从句放在及物动词或介词之后作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词有：that, if, whether
6、, what, when, which, where, how, why等，各自的意义不变。,注意 语序、连词、时态和人称. Please tell me who is your teacher. We quite agree with what you said. Could you tell me how many students there are in your class?I didnt expect that he had broken the glass. I worried about whether I hurt her feelings.,Could you tell m
7、e _? I must find him. Sorry, I have no idea. But he was here just now.A.where Tom was B. where has Tom gone C. where can I find Tom. D. where Tom is,2. Could you tell me _?A. Who he is laughing B. how much it costs to fly to Hainan C. why is he crying so sadly D. whether has he arrived,3.Do you know
8、 _? if it will be fine tomorrow B. where did they see her C. when shall we have a picnic D. which would you like,The earth goes around the sun . The boy said to his mother.The boy told his mother _ the earth _around the earth.,that,goes,“Do you enjoy your stay in America.” I asked him one day. I ask
9、ed him one day _ _ _ _ stay in America.,if he enjoyed his,“ Can I borrow your radio?” he said to me. He asked me _ _ _ borrow _ radio.,if he could my,“ What color do you prefer?” the salesman asked me. The salesman asked me what color _ _.,I preferred,“Dont be so noisy,” a man said to the children.
10、The children _ _ not to _ so much noise.tell / ask sb. to do/ not to do,were told make,They can hardly decide what they will do next.(改写句子，句意不变） _ _for them to decide what _ _next.,Its difficultto do,昨天晚上我一直在问自己，他们为什么没被打败Last night, I _ _ _myself why they _ _.,kept on asking werent beaten,我听说昨天下午你们没
11、有一人迟到I heard that _ _ _ _late yesterday afternoon.,none of you were,我认为这个项目不应当如此匆忙进行试验 I _ _the subject _ _ _ _in such a hurry.,dont think should be tried out,你认为你最愿学哪一门学科？Which of the subjects do you think you would _ _ _ _?,most like to learn,状语从句 在复合句中修饰主句的动词、形容词、或副词等的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句根据表达的意思可分为时间、地点
12、、原因、目的、结果、让步（或方式）和条件等类。状语从句一般放在句后。,时间状语从句 常由 when, whenever, before, after, as soon as, until, since等连词引导When he was young, he couldnt go to school.I was drawing when he came in.,Ill give you a ring as soon as I get there.We wont leave the room until we finish working out the math problem.He has mad
13、e many friends since he came to China.,条件状语从句If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go to the park. 原因状语从句 She had to stay at home because she was ill. 方式状语从句 I remember the whole thing as if it happened only yesterday.,结果状语从句The coat cost so little that I bought two.He made such a big noise that everybod
14、y was surprised.目的状语从句 Lets take the front seats so that we may see clearly. .,比较状语从句 He is as tall as you are. I can run faster than he can 让步状语从句 Though/ Although she is a child, he knows much English. Whatever book you may read, read it carefully.,2.Why does Mary look to be so sorry? Because she
15、_by her classmates. A has been laughed B has laughed at C was laughed D has been laughed at,1.If I _when he comes, wake me up. A sleep B will sleep C am sleeping D will be sleeping,3.They will go to work in the companywhen they_school next year .A will leave B will have leave C are leaving D leave 4
16、.Dont leave until your teacher _back. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming,5.I really dont know if she _it when she _. finds, arrives B. find, will arrive C. will find, will arrive D. will find, arrives,开会时所有的呼机和手机必须关闭When we have meetings, all the beepers and mobile phones _ _ _ _,must be kept off,美国是如此远，所以我们中还没有 人去过那里 America is _ far _ _ of us _ _there.,so,that none,have been,登记后方可入住本旅馆。 You _ _to stay at the hotel _ the form _ _ _.,arent allowed,until/before,is filled in/up,
