1、 2016 七年级仁爱英语下册必背短语句型舍得乡中心学校（谢成基整理）Where is (the nearest) ？ （最近的） 在哪里？ Can you tell me the way to ？ 你能告诉我去的路吗？ How can I get to ？ 我怎样到达 呢？ Is there near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有吗？ Which is the way to ？ 哪条是去的路？Showing the ways: （指路） Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。Turn left at t
2、he second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。 It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。 Youd better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（Youd better+动词原形）across from 在的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面 next to 紧靠 next to the supermarket 紧靠超市 betweenand 在和 之间 between the park and
3、the zoo 在公园和动物园之间 among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间 in front of 在前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom. 课室前面有棵树 in the front of 在（内）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.课室内的前部有张桌子。 behind 在后面 behind my house 在我家后面 turn left/ right 向左/ 右拐on the left/right of在某物的左 /右边 on the left of our school 在
4、我们学校的左边 on ones left/right 在某人的左/ 右边 on my left 在我左边 go straight 一直走 down /along沿着（街道 down/along Center Street 沿着中央街 in the neighborhood=near here 在附近 10 welcome to 欢迎来到take /have a walk 散步 12. the beginning of 的开始,前 at the beginning of 在 的开始, 前端 in the beginning 起初，一开始 13. have fun=have a good time
5、=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday.一、名词复数词photo- photos child-children foot-feet tooth- teeth knife-knives baby-babies 家庭 family-families 马铃薯 potato-potatoes 树叶 leaf-leaves德国人 Germans二、一般现在时中单数第三人称动词构造1. 直接加 s （元音字母 +y 直接加）l
6、ikes, wants, plays, stays, enjoys, buys2. s, x, sh, ch ,o 结尾加 es-teaches, watches, washes , passes, goes, does3. 辅音字母+y ,去 y 改 i 加 es study-studies, fly-flies, carry-carries,三、现在进行时 be + V-ing （现在分词）现分词词特殊构造：1. 去 e 加 ing。 如： dance-dancing, write-writing, live-living, make-making, ride-riding, drive-
7、driving2. 双写加 ing。 如： putputting, get-getting, swim-swimming, run-running, sit-sitting, shop-shopping, plan-planning, begin- beginning四、一般过去时1. 肯定形式：动词用其过去式，只能填一个词（绝对不可用 be 跟原形，也不可用 be 跟过去式）如：was play, were perform, was go, were bought, was made 这些都错如果没有表示动作的实意动词，就用 was / were 跟形容词如：They were happy.
8、 The trip was wonderful. The food there was very delicious.The people there were friendly.出生用 was born 或 were bornIwas born on April 2nd. He and I were both born in September.否定形式：didnt 跟原形动词I didnt like climbing hills before.She didnt go swimming, she visited some places of interest yesterday. 疑问形式
9、： did 跟原形动词 Did you enjoy yourselves last night? Yes, we enjoyed ourselves.How did he travel there? He traveled there by plane.4. 过去式构造1）直接加 ed played, stayed, performed, traveled, enjoyed, visited, entered2）结尾加 d, danced, liked3）辅音字母加 y, 去 y 改 i 加 ed carrycarried, studystudied,4）重读闭音节，双写辅音字母加 ed st
10、opped, planned,5）不规则变化,背记书本后过去式表（特别要记关于旅游，举行聚会等的动词）5. 掌握一下常用于一般过去时的时间状语yesterday, yesterday evening = last night, a moment ago = just now , before,last Sunday / week/ month/ year/ summer, in 2009, at the age of（在岁时）6. 当表示会做某事时，用 can could + 动词原形At the age of eight, he could ride a bike.When he was a
11、 child, he couldnt wash clothes, but now he can.五、以下词或短语后须 跟动词原形Would/ could you please, why not , had better (not) do sth（ 最好、）,let (letdo)， help sb do sth, make sb do sth,may/ can/ could / must/ should / shouldnt dodo/ does/ did 须 跟动词原形六、以下词或短语后须 跟 “to + 动词原形”want to do, need to do, would like to
12、do, learn to do学会做forget （忘记做）to do, remember to do（记住做）,hope to do, wish to do sth. plan to do, ask sb to do, tell sb to do,help sb (to ) do , love to do , begin / start to do开始做Its good to do, It s time to do sth. (该做)Its a good time/ season toIts your turn to （轮到你.）七、以下词或短语后须 跟 “ 动词 ing ”1. like
13、doing sth, enjoy doing sth, stop doing sth,see sb doing sth, hear sb doing sth, watch sb doing sth, 看见/ 听见/观察到某人正在I saw him climbing the tree. 我看见他在爬树。We watched them playing chess.Can you hear the birds singing in the trees?be busy doing sth, 正忙着2. go shopping/ swimming/ fishing / climbing /hiking
14、/ skating/ skiing/traveling3. 介词后跟“ 动词 ing ”thank you for helping / telling me , what /how about doing sth,be good at doing sth= do well in doing by doing sth, before doing八、掌握重点序数词 the + 序数词 ， 某月某日用序数词one-first, two-second, three-third, on the second floor,turn left at the first turning = take the
15、first turning on the leftturn right at the third crossing = take the third crossing on the righton February 3rd, on August 11th, on November 2nd可简写为 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 31st,（注意 11th, 12th）序数词口诀： 一二三特殊变，五和十二去 ve 改 f 加 th，八去 t 九除 e， 整十位去 y 改 i加 eth，两位数 ,十位不变个位变。重点掌握：one-first, two-
16、second, three-third, five-fifth, nine-ninth twelvetwelfth twentytwentieth, forty-fortieth, thirty-onethirty-first九、 介词用法1. in + 年，月，季，早，午，晚, in 2008, in October, in spring, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 2. on + 某一天 （节日，假日，周日）on that day, on Teachers Day, on Childrens Day, on Mothers Day,on Tues
17、day （周二）, on Thursday （周四）, on Wednesday （周三）3. at + 点钟 for+ 一段时间 for two days, for three months在、期间 during the holidays, during the time, during the three days在两者之间 between and between you and me, between him and her注意：在 yesterday, last week, last night, this morning, next year 前不可加介词十、考试技巧瞻前顾后, 看时
18、间短语, 确定关键词, 找主语, 判断适当形式。注意三个凡是: 凡是名词注意单复数; 凡是动词注意适当形式; 凡是数词注意是否序数词。1、形容词修饰名词, 如：an interesting story, clever children, an expensive tripA heavy rain 一场大雨 a strong wind 一阵强风2、 be + 形容词, sound + 形容词听起来、sounds great, sounds wonderful, sounds delicious, sounds interesting3、动词用副词修饰, 如：shine (shone) brigh
19、tly 阳光灿烂, blow( blew) strongly 刮大风 ,下大雨 rain(rained) heavily = hard, 下大雪 snow(snowed) heavily = hard十一、近义词区别：1. Hope you （主格） get well soon ! = Wish you （ 宾格）to get well soon.hope to do sth. = wish to do sth.hope + 完整句子 , 所跟的人只能当后面句子的主语 wish sb. to do sth 只有 wish 才可跟人做宾语I hope to visit Germany.= I w
20、ish to visit Germany.I hope he can win the game. = I wish him to win the game.We hope we can fly to America. = We hope to fly to America.I hope you（主格） can / will enjoy yourselves.= Wish you（宾格）to have a good time.2. listen (to) 听的过程 , hear 听的结果, sound 听起来 + 形容词He listened carefully, but he couldnt
21、hear anything. It sounds diffwake up 醒来，唤醒 get up 起床2. go to school 去上学 go home 回家3. go dancing / shopping / skating / swimming 去跳舞；购物、滑冰；游泳go doing something 可用于表达去进行某种娱乐休闲活动。 4. 表示交通方式： on foot 步行by boat 坐船 by ship 坐船 by air 乘飞机by plane 乘飞机 by train 坐火车 by subway 搭乘地铁by car 坐小汽车 by bus 坐公共汽车 by bi
22、ke 骑自行车5. take the subway / bus / car 搭乘地铁；公共汽车；小汽车6. drive a car to work = go to work by car 驾车去上班take a bus to work = go to work by bus 乘公共汽车去上班go to school on foot = walk to school 步行去上学7. ride a bike / horse 骑自行车；骑马8. after school / class 放学以后；下课以后9. play the piano / guitar / violin 弹钢琴；吉他；小提琴pl
23、ay basketball / soccer / football 打篮球；踢足球；打橄榄球play computer games 玩电脑游戏play with a computer 玩电脑play sports 做运动10. next to 紧挨着，在 旁边11. a plan of my school 一幅我们学校的平面图12. on weekdays 在工作日at weekends 在周末13. have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner / meals 吃早餐；中餐；晚餐；正餐；一日三餐have classes / lessons / a meet
24、ing 上课；上课；开会14. watch TV / movies / games / the animals 看电视；电影；比赛；动物read novels / newspapers / books 看小说；报纸；书15. wash ones face / clothes 洗脸；衣服16. 反义词：up down, early late 近义词：quickly fastget up early 早起 be late for 迟到17. the first / second / third / fourth day 第一；二；三；四天18. clean the house 打扫房子19. 表示
25、建筑物（尤其学校建筑物）： on the playground 在操场at school / home / table 在学校；家里；桌旁in a computer room / teachers office / classroom building / gym / library / lab / canteen 在电脑室；教师办公室；教学楼；体操馆；图书馆；实验室；食堂20. around six oclock = at about six oclock 大约在六点21. 频率副词：never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always二、重点句型
26、：1. Its time to get up. 该起床的时候了。Its time for breakfast. = Its time to have breakfast = Its time for having breakfast.该吃早饭了2. You must go to school early. 你必须早点去上学。（主观因素造成“必须”）I have to wash my face quickly. 我不得不迅速地洗脸。（客观因素造成“必须”）3. Happy New Year! The same to you! 新年快乐！也祝你新年快乐！4. How about you? = Wh
27、at about you? 你怎么样？5. It tastes good. 它尝起来很好。 It sounds good. 它听起来很好。6. How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.你通常怎样去上学？我通常骑自行车去上学。What do you usually do after school? I usually play computer games. 你通常放学做什么？我通常玩电脑游戏。7. How does she usually go to work? She usually goes to wo
28、rk by car.她通常怎样去上班？她通常开车去上班。What does he usually do after class? He usually reads novels.他通常下课后做什么？他通常看小说。8. The early bird catches the worm! 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。/ 笨鸟先飞。9. Wheres Mr. Zhou going? Hes going to Shanghai. 周先生将要去哪里？他将要去上海。三、语法学习：复习一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时：1. 区别含有 be 动词和行为动词的肯定句式。I am at home. I stay at ho
29、me. I am stay at home. She stay at home. 2. 一般疑问句、否定句表达的不同方式：Are you at home? Do you stay at home? Does she stay at home?Yes, I am. No, I am not. Yes, I do. No, I dont. Yes, she does. No, she doesnt.I am not at home. I dont stay at home. She doesnt stay at home.3. 主语为第三人称单数时，谓语行为动词的变化。She plays comp
30、uter games on Sundays. She studies English every morning.She goes to school on weekdays.She has breakfast at 6:45.4. 用法： (1) 表示现在的状况： I am a teacher. You are student. They are in London.(2) 表示经常的或习惯性的动作：I usually go to school on foot. She plays tennis every morning.(3) 表示主语具备的性格和能力等：He likes playing
31、 basketball. They do the cooking. 现在进行时：1. 基本句式结构：I am playing with a computer.2. 现在分词构成法：go going play playing have having drive driving run running swim swimming begin beginning3. 用法：（1 ）表示现在正在进行的动作：She is having dinner. 她正在用餐。（2 ）方位动词的现在进行时可用来表示将要发生的动作：Im going. 我要走了。四、交际用语：谈论交通工具及如何上学和日常生活。主要句型：
32、How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.Im riding a bike now. Whats she doing? Shes dancing.Do you often go to the library?Topic 2 How often do you have an English class?重点词语：1. 学科名词：政治 语文 数学 英语 历史 地理 生物 音乐 体育 美术politics Chinese math English history geography biology music P.
33、E. Art2. 一周七天名词：星期日 星期一 星期二 星期三 星期四 星期五 星期六Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday3. swimming pool 游泳池4. listen to music 听音乐 write letters 写信 go roller-skating 滑滑轮go shopping 去购物 have an English class 上英语课 go to the park 去公园 meet friends 会见朋友 draw pictures 画画 play sports 做运动 watch T
34、V 看电视 play computer games 玩电脑游戏 play soccer 踢足球 work on math problems 解答数学题 take exercises 做运动learn about the past 学习历史 learn how to read and write in Chinese 学着用中文读写play ball games with my classmates 和我的同班同学玩球类游戏5. be good at = do well in 擅长于 I am good at English. = I do well in English.6. be diffe
35、rent from 与不同 the same as 与相同7. do outdoor activities 进行户外活动8. every week 每周 each day 每天 three times a week 每周三次9. 反义词：boring interesting difficult easy begin finish近义词：difficult hard10. care about 关心；担心11. try to do something 尝试去做某事12. do ones best 尽力去做某事 do ones homework 做家作13. like doing somethin
36、g = love doing something 喜欢做某事hate doing something 讨厌做某事14. noon break 午休15. at half past six = at thirty past six = at six thirty 六点半 at seven oclock = at seven 在七点at five fifteen = at fifteen past five = at a quarter past five 五点十五分 at fifteen to ten = at a quarter to ten = at nine forty-five 九点四十
37、五分16. for a little while 就一会儿17. a student of Grade One 一年级的学生18. eat out 出去吃19. get home 到家二、重点句型：1. Which place do you like best? I like the computer room best.你最喜欢哪个地方？我最喜欢电脑室。2. Swimming is my favorite sport. = I like swimming best. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动。3. Why do you think so? Because he likes sleeping. 你
38、为什么这么想？因为他喜欢睡觉。4. How often do you go to the library? Very often. 你经常去图书馆吗？经常。5. Peter is good at soccer ball. 彼特擅长与足球。6. My interest is different from theirs. 我的兴趣和他们的不一样。7. How many lessons do you have every day? 你每天上多少节课？8. What time is school over? 什么时候放学？9. I try to do my best each day. 每天我都尽力做
39、到最好。10. And if I always do my best, I need not care about the test. 如果我总是尽力，我就不需要担心考试11. After dinner, I often do my homework and then watch TV for a little while.晚餐后，我经常做作业然后看一会儿电视。三、语法学习：以 How，Wh- 开头的疑问句。疑问词：how often, how long, how soon, how old, how many, how much, how big, how heavy, how wide,
40、how far, what, when, who, whose, whom, where, which, why, what color, what time, what class四、交际用语：谈论课程、作息时间、个人爱好及学习生活。主要句型：Which place do you like best? I like the computer room best.Whats your favorite subject? Math is.How often do you? Every day. Always. Often. Seldom. Never. Sometimes.Do you like
41、 going to? Yes, I do. / No, I dont.How many lessons do you have every day? We have seven lessons every dayWhen do morning classes begin? At 7:20. Topic3 I like the school life here.一、重点词语：1. 反义词：first last , borrow return / give back end begin easyhard Interestingboring lostfound 同义词： endbe over , s
42、tudylearn , of course certainly/ sure , return give back come frombe from (be= am/ is / are )， have classhave lesson 2. 名词单数转化复数：life lives shelf shelves leaf leaves half halves child-children名词变成形容词：wonder wonderful, use useful, care careful, beauty - beautiful interest interesting, excite exciting
43、 3. between and 在与之间 4. school hall 学校大厅5. Our School Times 学校时报 6. Everyday Science 每日科技 7. the school life 学校生活8. most of them 他们大多数 9.wait for 等待 10 get home 到家 11. and so on 等等12. on time 按时 13. Here it is. = Here you are. 给你 14. learnfrom 向学习 二、重点句型：1. Welcome to our school. 欢迎到我们学校来。 2. What d
44、o you think of our school? Its very nice. I like the school life here .你认为我们学校怎么样？挺好的。我喜欢这儿的学校生活。3.。 Wait a minute. = Just a minute. 等一等。4. Thank you anyway. = Thank you all the same. 仍然谢谢你5. Thank you for your hard work. 谢谢你们的努力工作。6. Thank you for asking me. 谢谢你邀请我。7. I read them with great interes
45、t. （我读得津津有味）我带着极大的兴趣读它们。8. May I ask you some questions? Yes, please 我可以问你几个问题吗9. Where do you come from? I come from Australia. = Where are you from? Im from Australia.你来自哪里？我来自澳大利亚。10. How long can I keep it? Two weeks. 我能借多久？两个星期。11. . Do you have a problem? 你有问题吗？12. What day is it today ? Its W
46、ednesday . 今天是星期几？ 今天是星期三。13.What time does the class begin / end ? 几点上课/ 下课？14.What is your favorite subject ? 你最喜爱的学科是什么（是哪一科） ？What subject do you teach ? 你教什么学科？（哪一科）15 How often do you do outdoor activities ? 你多常进行户外活动？16.How many lessons do you have every week ? 你每周上几节课？17.Why do dont you like
47、 English ? 你为什么喜欢英语/ 不喜欢英语 ？Because its easy and interesting .因为它既容易又有趣。Because its difficult and boring. 因为它既难又烦人。18.I dont like math at all .我一点儿（完全）不喜欢数学。三、语法学习：There is / are某处（某时）有某物（某事）1. 用法：表示存在。什么时间或者地点“有”什么东西 几种基本句式：There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌上有一本书和两支笔。There are two pens and
48、 a book on the desk. 桌上有两支笔和一本书。There isnt a book on the desk. 桌上没有一本书。There arent two pens on the desk. 桌上没有两支笔。Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is. / No, there isnt. 桌上有一本书吗？是的，有。/ 不，没有。Are there two pens on the desk? Yes, there are./ No, there arent. 桌上有两支笔吗？是的，有。/ 不，没有。3. 与 have 的区别：I have a book. I dont have a book. Do you have a book? Yes, I do. No, I dont.She has a book. She doesnt have a book. Does she have a book? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt. 现在进行时的特征：(结构 be+ving)1. Look ! T
